Ben Franklin

51due论文代写网精选代写范文：“Ben Franklin”，这篇论文主要讲述的是班哲明·富兰克林的一生。富兰克林出生在一个普通的铁匠家庭，他从小学习成绩就十分优异，由于家庭原因，他很小就辍学工作了，但他的学习从未中断过，通过他的努力，在他30岁时，当选宾夕法尼亚州议会秘书，后来又参与美国独立战争，并参与多项重要文件草拟，同时他还是一名科学家，避雷针就是他的杰作之一。

Ben Franklin Benjamin Franklin was a man of many accomplishments, the accomplishments he had affected the world of today and the world soon to come. Franklin’s parents were like any other parents then. Franklin’s dad, Josiah Franklin, was an Englishman. He moved to Boston in 1685 from England bringing his wife and three children. Anne who was Josiah’s wife had four more children. The sixth one died five days after birth, and then eighteen months later Anne was bearing the seventh child and she died a week later. Like all men at the time Josiah had a trade. He was a dyer. Later he abandoned his trade and became a tallow-chandler instead. Josiah being married once before married Abiah Folger (McMaster 3).

Abiah Folger bore Josiah Franklin 10 more children. The fifteenth of the seventeen children was Benjamin Franklin (McMaster 3). Franklin was born on the seventeen of January 1706. Like every Boston boy he could read and write, knew something about history, and had knew a few Orthodox Catechism scriptures by heart (McMaster 3). “The story of the life of Ben Franklin began at a time when Queen Anne still ruled the colonies; when the colonies were but ten in number, and when the population of the ten did not sum up to be four hundred thousand souls; ... when pirates infested the Atlantic coast; when there was no such thing as a stage coach in the land; ...and when Ann Pollard, the first white women that ever set foot on the soil of Boston, was still enjoying a hale old age” (McMaster 1). “

It was when he seven that Franklin had another experience he often recalled. One holiday they gave him a little money to spend on whatever he liked. He headed straight for the toy shop but on the way met a boy blowing a whistle. Charmed by the sound, he gave the boy all his money for it. Coming home, he whistled piercingly all over the small house, annoying his family. When he told them of the bargain he had made, they teased him for paying four times of what the silly whistle was worth. He realized how many good things he could have bought for the money, and while they laughed, he cried. It was a lesson he never forgot” (Meltzer 23). Franklin’s education started at home. At the age of eight he went to Latin school. George Brownell taught him soon after he was finished with Latin school. He went there regularly until his teacher stopped teaching the boys to go teach the young women of the school. After this took place he ended his schooling at the age of ten (McMaster 3). After schooling Franklin had many jobs. His jobs were to cut wicks, mold candles, and tended the shop. His dream at this time was to sail the open seas. His dad tried to teach him a trade to keep him on land then him going to sea (McMaster 4).

Franklin tried many trades when he was young. He thought most of the trades as boring. The trade he liked the most was the trade of a printer. He liked the process of printing and the process never seemed to get dull to him. This was the trade for him (Meltzer 39). Franklin then went to work as an apprentice for his half brother James. He worked hard and he learned the trade well over time. James customers had James print their books for them. He was a mischievous boy of his age and would smuggle the books from James. He would stay up late and read the books then he would wake up and return the books early in the morning so James would not miss it (Kent 11). One of his customers stimulated him with one of their books, he decided to try his own hand in writing. He wrote about the Pirate Black Beard drowning a family.

James liked his writing so much that he published it. The people liked his writing. This was the stuff that the public wanted to hear about (Meltzer 39). His writing gave him a great lead for his life, it would be proven to do him some good later in life. Later he started to debate with his friends. To people who differed from him thought of him as obnoxious and stopped listening to him debate (Meltzer 40). In 1721, James decided to publish his own newspaper (Meltzer 40-45). He called his newspaper the New England Courant. The newspaper was combined with printing of other books. James saw a new age of newspapers. Newspapers that let poets and essayist express themselves (Meltzer 40-45). Franklin next went to work for an old printer, Samuel Keimer. Samuel gave him the job he needed and payed him high wages for it. He was the foreman of the shop (Kent 39). Business was bad at the time. Franklin taught four workers the trade and the business grew again. Samuel began to think that Franklin was becoming useless and cut his wages. This forced Franklin to walk out on Samuel six months later. Since this had happened, Franklin started a rival paper called the Pennsylvania Gazette (Kent 39). This paper caused Samuel to go broke nine months later. Samuel then sold the paper to Franklin and Meredith. Franklin advertised in his paper things he needed to sell. If the public wanted something he didn’t have he would get it for them if he could make a profit with doing so (Meltzer 66-69) Franklin felt it was time to seek a bride. He needed to find a bride to satisfy his “Sexual appetite” (Meltzer 74). This aggravated problem pushed him into having affairs with young women he met on the street. He now showed his attention to Deborah Read.

He married Deborah on the September 1, 1730. He was twenty four when they married. Deborah was nothing like her husband Franklin. Deborah was poorly educated, but she was affectionate and delightful (Meltzer 74-75). Franklin’s gazette, unlike any other, reported the full story. He reported detailed local events. He reported in detail fires, natural disasters, thefts, accidents, murders, and also rapes . They were so detailed often others stole his writing. The newspaper profited him greatly (Meltzer 77). In 1732, Franklin published the first issue of the Poor Richard’s Almanac (Kent 41). It was introduced three years after his own newspaper. The Almanac was very popular at the time. It contained many useful features like astrological charts, weather predictions, oddities of history, recipes, jokes, poems, songs, and advice (Meltzer 86). Franklin formed a club to enhance mutual improvement. The club was called the Junto Club. The club meet on sociable discussion. The club was limited to twelve members. The members were usually young workers. The Junto members pledged , to love truth for it’s own sake, and, to communicate the truth to others (Meltzer 80-81). The Junto club then became the first circulating public library in America (Kent51). Franklin came up with a new motto for his Junto Club. His motto was to improve yourself, improve your community. This motto meant for people to make the most of their selves, and doing this it would make the most of your community. Franklin and his fellow club members made suggestions on how to make the most of their living. One of his suggestions was to pave the road of a busy street in the city of Philadelphia. He made suggestion to reduce carriages getting stuck in the mud and to reduce the fog like cloud of dust from chocking the people who lived in the city. Other ideas to improve yourself, improve your community were to clean up the dirty streets of downtown Philadelphia (Meltzer 97), to hire a full time police force to reduce theft of the economy (Kent 53), to set up a volunteer fire brigade to improve a higher quality of fire rescues and fire safety (Kent 52),to build an academy to improve education to families who couldn’t afford it (Meltzer 102), to build a hospital (which was influenced by Dr. Thomas Bond) so people who were hurt could get healed more efficient and to deliver babies (Meltzer 102). These ideas lead Franklin to his next job. He was chosen to be the General Assembly’s new clerk (Meltzer 104).

The job offered him good pay and most important friendship with the suppliers of his newspaper. The job was very profitable and he worked there for fifteen years (Meltzer 105). In 1737 he was offered a job of little pay but great benefits to his newspaper. The new job of Postmaster General let him deliver all of his papers for no cost and let him gather more news for his Gazette easier (Meltzer 105). It also helped him advertise. He didn’t have to pay people to deliver the advertisements because he could just deliver the advertisement himself. Doing this let him deliver more to customers which let his business increase (Meltzer 105). On 1748, Franklin retired from all business. He retired at the age of forty-two. He then went into partnership with David Hall which payed him a lot (Meltzer 109).While Franklin was not working it gave him a lot of free time. He used this time to experiment with scientific research. He soon invented a number of things. One of his first inventions was the Franklin Stove. He invented this between 1739-1740 (Meltzer 115). His next invention was the Damper which is a metal plate that plugged the hole in the chimney. With the hole closed it kept the cold air out of the house. It let the smoke out and it kept the draft out (Meltzer 116). He developed a candle made of whale oil. The light of the candle was whiter and it did not make spots on the floor when the oil dripped (Meltzer). The next invention was the first step in developing the theory of electricity. The Leyden Jar absorbed the energy and it was released when touched by an object (Meltzer 119). Franklin used a kite for his next experiment. The kite was made of a cross with two sticks crossed with a covering over it. A sharp pointed wire was connected to the center of the cross. At the lower Corner of the kite there was a silk ribbon. Attached to the silk ribbon was the metal key (Meltzer 125). This experiment was to prove the theory that clouds contained electricity. He executed this experiment by placing a sentry box on a tower. A man would stand in the box. There would be a metal rod that sticks 20-30 feet above the sentry box. The stand was kept clean and dry.

The cloud passed through and over. The threads of the hempen string stood up in the air. Franklin was amazed of the threads standing out so Franklin touched his knuckle against the key. He perceived an electrical shock. He finally proved that clouds did contain electricity (Meltzer 127). On June 1752, one month after the French proof of his idea, his idea proved that clouds contained electricity (Meltzer 127). Franklin had many more inventions that were not listed. The other inventions that were not listed were his clocks, lightning rods, astronomical instruments, bifocal eyeglasses, flexible catheter, a chair that turns into a latter, a clothes pressing machine, improvements in the printing press, a pole with a manipulable grasp at the end to take down books from high shelves, laboratory equipment, and a musical instrument called the glass harmonica which Mozart and Beethoven wrote music (Meltzer 134). In 1748, Franklin was elected office and voted into the cities Common Council. In 1751 he was elected into the Pennsylvania Assembly (Meltzer 141). Franklin, Adams, Jefferson, Sherman, and Livingston meet on July 4, to write the first draft of the Declaration of Independence. Jefferson was asked to write the draft. Franklin made some suggestions and small changes to the draft. On July 4, the Declaration of Independence was now adopted and printed (Meltzer 228). The delegates reached a final draft of the Constitution in September. Franklin gave a speech on September 17, the day that the constitution was to be signed. He said in his speech that all 13 colonies had to agree on the Constitution. On March 4, 1789 the constitution became the, “fundamental law of the nation” (Meltzer 226-270). At 11:00 P.M. on the 17 of April, 1790, Benjamin Franklin died. He lived to exactly eighty-four years and three months. He was buried in the Christ Church Burial Ground. His funeral was the biggest event ever in Philadelphia. 200,000 people came to his funeral (Meltzer 271). Benjamin Franklin was a man of many accomplishments, the accomplishments he had made effected the world of today and the world soon to come. -C

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