Atom Bomb

51论文代写网精选代写范文：“Atom Bomb”这篇论文向我们简单介绍了原子弹的原理。原子弹是核武器之一，是利用核反应的光热辐射、冲击波和感生放射性造成伤害和破坏作用，并且将造成大面积放射性污染。原子弹原子由一个中央带正电荷的核心，和带负电的粒子称为被发现在围绕核的原子的几乎整个质量集中在细胞核中，只有一个占据轨道使电子原子的体积很小的一部分。

Atom Bomb The atom consists of a central, positively charged core, the nucleus , and negatively charged particles called electrons that are found in orbits around the nucleus.The Nucleus Almost the entire mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus, which occupies only a tiny fraction of the atom's volume. The nucleus of an atom consists of neutrons and protons, the neutron being an uncharged particle and the proton a positively charged one. Their masses are almost equal. Atoms containing the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons represent different forms, or isotopes , of the same element.

The Electrons Surrounding the nucleus of an atom are its electrons; for a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the atomic number. The outermost electrons of an atom determine its chemical and electrical properties. An atom may combine chemically with another atom in various ways, either by giving up or receiving electrons, thus setting up an electrical attraction between the atoms (see ion ), or by sharing one or more pairs of electrons (see chemical bond ). Because metals have few outermost electrons and tend to give them up easily, they are good conductors of electricity or heat (see conduction ).The electrons are often described as revolving about the nucleus as the planets revolve about the sun. This picture, however, is misleading. The quantum theory has shown that all particles in motion also have certain wave properties. 

For a particle the size of an electron, these properties are of considerable importance. As a result the electrons in an atom cannot be pictured as localized in space, but rather should be viewed as smeared out over the entire orbit so that they form a cloud of charge. The electron clouds around the nucleus represent regions in which the electrons are most likely to be found. The shapes of these clouds can be very complex, in marked contrast to the simple elliptical orbits of planets. Surprisingly, the sizes of all atoms are comparable, in spite of the large differences in the number of electrons they contain. -C

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