Why_Does_the_Nhs_Generate_so_Controversy_

WHY DOES THE NHS GENERATE SO MUCH CONTRVERSY' The National Health Service was set up in 1948 and was funded through taxation. The man who introduced the Health Care was Aneurin Bevan and His input in eliminating the failed market of voluntary sector, private and municipal hospital and helped to modernise services which was essential as a tax funded system to doctors and nurses for their improvements of modern medicine in larger hospitals. The Beveridge Report of 1942 planned of the future of post- war Britain and distinguished the problems might face the British society such as a disease, and prepared the foundation of what would become as a welfare state. When Labour came to the power in 1945 vast programme of welfare measures followed has included the NHS. The minister of health Aneurin Bevan was in change to introduce the NHS. It was created on 5 July 1948. When he opened Park Hospital in Manchester, and was in determined his plan to bring good healthcare to all. For the first time hospitals, doctors, nurses, pharmacists, opticians and dentists were brought together under one organization system that was free for all at Healthcare care became free and based on need rather than on ability to pay it was free at the point of delivery to ensure that people seek help when they need it was comprehensive the point of delivery. To cover it was hundred per cent financed from taxation and everyone was eligible for treatment, whatever his income, even foreigners who was living temporary in Britain and treatment could be given at any NHS institution anywhere in the country. In 1950-1960 When the NHS was created they hoped that Health Service would spend less while people will be healthier and the demand for Health Service would go down. However demand continued to rise and the NHS spent a lot of money which was unexpected by parliament and treasury. The government had estimated that the NHS would cost £140 million a year by 1950. In fact, by 1950 the NHS was costing £358 million. One of the major controversies was how the NHS could get money and then the Labour government decided to introduce patients the prescription charge for dental and optical care. As a result the Conservative party forced Bevan and other Ministers to resign. Bevan created a committee to investigate these extend cost and discovered that deficiency of resources were verity the key factor and felt that more money should be given to the NHS and Bevan resigned from government in 1951 over proposal to introduce prescription charges and for a while he was a rallying point for the left with inn the Labour Party. Enoch Powell was distinguished as a period of expansion for the NHS and Enoch Powell who was Minister of Health. By time Thatcher became Prime Minister on 4 May 1979, with a mandate to reverse the UK’s economic decline and reduced the role of the in the economic and she’s policy of bringing the market into the NHS was and is disastrous. It changes totally the ethos of the NHS from a vocation of caring and responsibility towards the patient to an ethos of cost-cutting and income generation. The patient was a cost to be reduced. The shortage of hospital beds is the result of accountants and administrators cutting what were seen to be excess capacity when there was a flu epidemic in winter, some patients were waiting on a hospital trolley in the corridor until the beds became available. Suddenly on site nurses accommodation at hospitals was converted into office space to cope with the explosion in the numbers of administrators and managers. This was down to the Griffiths report (1983) which suggested that the NHS should be run like a supermarket. Instead of meeting patient needs, trusts would be run in competition with each other for patients. Administration costs in the NHS in 1979 were around 6% and after the introduction of the internal market these had doubled to 12%. This shows that she introduced inefficiencies as a result of outsourcing and duplication of work. When she eventually set about reforming the NHS she adopted the same principles she had followed in the rest of her policies and the key idea was internal competition. In 1987, the NHS was facing a real crisis for example, there were severe difficulties in recruiting enough nursing staff because of low pay and conditions Primary care was increased and then polities-makers concern to control NHS public spending. They saw that hospital and community health services spent 60 per cent. They realised that GPs were main reason, which involved polities, for two reasons department a hospital care, since apart from referral vial accident and Emergency department a hospital special could only see patients who has been referred by a GPs. Secondly, whereas the hospital budget was directly controlled by the Department of Health. The money which is GPs were spending the Department of Health did not have it and amount was increasing rapidly, particularly the cost of prescription drug, which were successively for nearly half of the total cost of family medical services, so government began to argued that patient their GPs should be in central of decision making in the NHS and although it did not find the way to give GPs cash limits on their outgoing without renegotiating them with a contract. In 1984 the conservative government gave limit the list of drugs which it would reimburse GPs. The NHS and community car Act of 1990 made district health authorities into purchases of care from hospitals and the provide is community services called internal market also introduced GP fund holding under which GPs in bigger practices were distributed budget to purchase In 1997 the New Labour government Tony Blair who was Prime Minster was introduced the notion of third way, which drawn on both the welfare system and market approach and remained devoted to strict limits on public spending, which was introduced by previous conservative administration and they agreed to increase 1 per cent in national insurance. They supposed that by improving health would help them to reduce the demand for healthcare, but in the context of medical advances and raised public expectation was shown to be wrong, that why there are some areas population gain more from the NHS than other such as IVF some area is free. For example top up the patient have to pay for the last drugs top up care from the NHS , but patients should be denied the free NHS treatment if they pay for extra drugs, because NHS guideline state that patients should not mix and match public and private treatments in the same episode of care . Despite this guideline state there are about 30 hospitals in England allows their patients to mix and match public and private treatment. There are many drugs cancer which are very expensive such an Avastin, Sustent, Nexavar, those drugs are effective at extending life of kidney cancer but NICE refused to approve the drugs because they did not present good value for money and it can take 18 months or more for NICE to decide if a drug or treatment should be available this contradict the founding principle of a publicly funded health services. There is superbug MRSA in hospital across Britain. Many babies just a few days old caught the infection from their mother but other have pick it up in neonatal unit are not clean. Either the Tories or New Labour can be trusted with our health service. We need to return it to its original 1948 principles - free healthcare for all, including eye examinations, dentistry and prescriptions. Funded entirely from taxation, with no private providers of healthcare and a nationalised pharmaceutical industry.