American drug--论文代写范文精选

51due论文代写网精选代写范文：“American drug” 这篇论文主要讲述的是新药的开发和老药的失宠再次受到欢迎。滥用药物的影响，已经成为美国的一个主要的健康问题，以及世界各地。药物使用和滥用已经影响无论是间接还是直接与我们的社区和我们的家庭。这也将解释如何非法药物可被视为文化相适应的，以及因药物使用和滥用发生的健康和社会问题。

Past and Current Trends Ann Bacon Psy/425 Chemical Dependency in the Workplace November 28, 2011 Leeann Young University of Phoenix Past and Current trends The overall picture of substance use and abuse is constantly changing. This is because of new laws and regulations, the development of new drugs, and older drugs that fell out of favor are again gaining popularity. The impact of substance abuse has become a major health problem in the United States as well as all over the world. Substance use and abuse has affected either indirectly or directly our communities and our families. This paper examines the past and current trends of substance use and abuse in the United States. It will also explain how illicit drugs may be considered culturally appropriate as well as health and social problems that occur because of substance use and abuse. Past Trends The use of drugs has been around for thousands of years. The use of drugs could have been accidently discovered. People in the past probably took the drugs out of curiosity. Past trends of substance use involved religion, medicine, enjoyment, and pain.

In early human civilization used substances as sacraments in religious ceremonies (Substance Abuse Headquarter, 2011). People use substances to produce visions and dull the pain from ritual mutilations. During the 19th century, medical advances were being made in isolating the active ingredients in psychoactive substances. Psychoactive substances were in widespread use. At the end of the 19th century, the risks of substance dependency were beginning to be recognized. At the beginning of the 20th century, the concerns about the social effects lead to restrictive legislation regarding the use of substances. This concern also leads to a national prohibition of alcohol consumption (Levinthal, 2010). During the 20th century, the development of antibiotics and psychiatric drugs made important strides. Heroin, cocaine, and marijuana were incorporated into American life in the 40s. In the sixties and seventies marijuana and hallucinogenic drugs spread across the country. There was also an increase in the problems that were associated with heroin. In the eighties there was a decline in the use of heroin. However, during the time that heroin was declining the use of cocaine was rising (Levinthal, 2010). Current Trends Two years ago, alcohol use and binge drinking have shown a gradual decline (NIDA Info Facts: Nationwide Trends, 2011). About 12.5 percent of individuals 12 or older reported driving under the influence of alcohol compared to the 14.5 percent in 2002. Today, teen smoking rates are at their lowest point since 1996. There is also a decline in cigarette use in young adults as well. However, the use of marijuana is at the highest point since the 1980s. The use of amphetamines and methamphetamines are also declining. Cocaine and crack abuse are also decline. However, the use of ecstasy is increasing among individuals. The use of hallucinogenic drug use remains that same as well as the use of inhalants. However, prescription and over-the-the counter medication are the most widely abuse among individuals. These include Oxycontin, Vicodin, Adderall, over-the-counter cough and cold medications (NIDA Info Facts: Nationwide Trends, 2011). Illicit Drugs may be considered Culturally Appropriate The use of drugs and alcohol has been intertwined throughout history. Alcohol and other drugs play an important role in the rituals of numerous groups (Wallace, 2001).

Health and social Problems There are many health problems associated with drug and alcohol abuse. Alcohol goes directly into the bloodstream, so it physically affects the whole body. Some of the health problems associated with alcohol use or misuse includes hangovers, weight gain, high blood pressure, depressed immune system, cancer, liver disease, alcohol poisoning, heart and respiratory failure. Alcohol use or abuse can also cause loss of appetite, stomach ailments, sexual impotence, central nervous system damage and memory loss. Drug use or abuse can have harmful side effects that have long term effect on the health of the individual. Drug use or abuse can cause life-threatening health problems. These life-threatening health problems include heart attacks, respiratory failure and comas (University of North Carolina, 2011). Drug use or abuse can also cause strokes, cancer, hepatitis B and C, and mental disorders. Some drugs can damage or destroy nerve cells (Volkow, 2010). There are many social problems that are related to drug and/or alcohol abuse. Drug and/or alcohol abuse not only affects the individual but their families and friends as well. This is because it can be extremely upsetting to watch as a use spirals out of control. Drug and/or alcohol abuse can also put a burden on society. This is because of health care cost, crime-related costs as well as a loss in productivity (Gould, 2011). It can also affect an individual’s ability to hold a job. This is because of their attendance and performance. It can also cause an individual to lose their professional license as well. Drug and/or alcohol abuse can cause individuals to do things (steal, commit murder) that they normally would not do. Other social problems include losing friends, child abuse and domestic violence, separation from family and divorce. It can also cause an individual to make more mistakes at work or school, problems with bosses or co-workers, to get poor grades or evaluations. And individual also does not have the money for food, bills, or clothing. They also create extra expenses such as fines or car repairs (Slowik, 2011). The social impact of drug and/or alcohol abuse cannot be denied. Conclusion Drug and/or alcohol affect all of our lives in one way or another. It is a major problem in the United States rather we choose to believe it or not. We need to take a look at the past and current trends of drug and/or alcohol abuse in order to find a solution to the problem.

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