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Chan Cha Proffessor’s name: Date : Womens Rights The term women's rights refers to the puta+tive freedoms and entitlements of women and girls of all ages. Feminism on the other hand refers to political, cultural, and economic movements seeking greater, equal, or, among a minority, superior rights and participation in society for women and girls. These rights and means of participation include legal protection and inclusion in politics, business, and scholarship, and recognition and building of women's cultures and power. Its concepts overlap with those of women's rights. Feminism is controversial for challenging traditions in many fields and especially for supporting shifting the political balance toward women. Some feminists argue that men cause and benefit from sexism; while others argue that all people are harmed by gender roles and therefore that feminism is for women and men. Feminists are persons of either sex, or females only in which case males may be profeminists who believe in feminism.In this essay i will approach various issues from a feminist point of view and look on those achievements and initiatives revolvimg around women’s rights. The evolution of feminism started with the First-wave feminism which sought equality in property rights, changes in the marriage relationship, and, eventually, in women's sufferage, or women's right to vote. Second-wave feminism, also sometimes called women's liberation, began in the 1960s and focused on discrimination and on cultural, social, and political issues. It was often accused of orienting to upper middle-class white women and, sometimes, of biological essentialism. Third-wave feminism began in the 1980s or early 1990s and addresses feminism across class and race lines, as being grounded in culture rather than biology, and through many issues, so there's less concentration on particular issues.When most women started standing up and claiming that they needed their rights established and legalized ,many didn’t think that the fight would go this far. Today we are in a world where the society has recognized it and every day that goes by, women have became more empowered and have continued to stand up for their rights amidst strong resistance. Woman’s rights have so far gone beyond what the first wave activist who were just fighting for making public the need for recognition of their rights, to entail a bunch of issues that affect modern women today .As a result their rights have spread to cover a wider scope from health ,education ,politics ,employment, inheritance ,and so on. Majoring on women’s reproductive health a lot of changes have come by and they have been received with mixed feelings.In the most basic sense, reproductive freedom includes the ability to control ever aspect of reproduction - including contraception, abortion, pregnancy, and childbirth. Until all women have complete control and freedom to control their bodies and freely determine their own health across their reproductive lifespan, the feminist movement will still need to focus on fighting for women's reproductive freedom.The woman’s reproductive health has been in the lime light for quite some time and has proved to be a major issue as it’s an area where the origin of life is concerned. It could be thought to start from that point where a woman has to deal with the issue of knowing whether she has control and power of deciding when to have sex which would lead to pregnancy. The big question had been,do women have the power to concieve at their own choice'The answer to this could be partly found by acknowledging that ,the modern world has a variety of contraceptives and birth controls.Contraceptives are methods that are used to prevent pregnancy before intercourse has taken place; birth control refers to any method that prevents live birth and includes the category of contraceptives. There are many different options for women and men to choose from when deciding on a contraceptive. Feminists consider it a victory that women have so many options today.There has alot of education going arond concerning educating women about contraceptives and other safe reproductive practices and this lead to abill that was tabled In the House of Representatives, the Prevention First Act (H.R. 819) has been introduced by Representatives Louise Slaughter (D-N.Y.) and Diana DeGette (D-Colo.). The content of the Prevention First bills focuses on consumer education about, and providing access to, contraception, family planning services and compassionate treatment for rape survivors. It promotes reducing teen pregnancy, providing medically accurate information, ending insurance discrimination against women, and awareness about emergency contraception or the morning-after pill.The goal is to provide scientifically correct information and health care coverage and services to girls and women in order to help them prevent unwanted and unintended pregnancies and reduce the spread of sexually transmitted(often life-threatening) diseases. There has been a wide range of contraceptives at womens disposal and so some women may view this as empowering, it also suggests that men have less responsibility in preventing pregnancy than do women. Another big issue that emerges is the prevailing ways of maintaing pregnancy and delivery means.The issue that has persisted is whether women should continue using the natural delivery ways or adapt the expensive modern techniques available.Programs to decrease poverty, provide good nutrition, and offer social support are the most effective, cost-saving ways to avoid poor outcomes of pregnancy and improve infant health. Traditional prenatal care alone is not enough.Midwifery is socially oriented preventive care, which incorporates prenatal care and a concern for the social and emotional aspects of pregancy and birth in order to meet the individual needs of each woman. Midwifery presumes that childbirth is a healthy and normal event. A holistic approach in which the mind and body are mutually important to the outcome, midwifery recognizes that in childbirth, mind and body cannot be separated.A woman's body works best when she feels confident, secure, emotionally supported, and on her own ground.The midwifery model treats the needs of the mother and the needs of the infant as interlocking, during pregnancy and labor and after birth. The midwife interprets the mother's need for rest as the need for relief from activities other than caring for her baby. The baby needs to be with the mother (Suarez). The other big battle by women has lied in the field of education.For girls and women living in poverty, education is not only the key to a brighter future it is also a key to survival.Using education as a primary strategy, the Girls' and Women's Education Initiative aims to harness the potential of girls and women to learn, lead and act on their vision of change for themselves, their families, and their communities.Educated girls and women are less vulnerable to HIV infection, human trafficking and other forms of exploitation, are more likely to marry later, raise fewer children who are more likely to go to school, and make important contributions to family income.The education of girls reduces poverty and improves the quality of life for all citizens. Educating girls and women translates to higher economic opportunity and productivity, reduced child mortality, improved family nutrition and health, and increased prevention of HIV and AIDS.Girls and women learn about their health, the dangers of early marriage, and how to protect themselves from exploitation. As women learn practical skills, they increase their confidence and strengthen their support for each other, allowing them to more fully participate in decisions that affect their health and the well-being of their families and communities. Education can increase girls' and women's life options through programs that combine practical literacy skills, health, and access to savings and credit with community awareness. Programs equip girls and women with skills and confidence and promote girls' and women's leadership in families, schools, and communities. Rates of HIV infection are growing at an alarming rate for girls and women in Sub-Saharan Africa. Combining education, community awareness, and collaboration between women's groups, health workers, and policy makers, programs raise the voices of girls and women who mobilize communities for change. Post-secondary education opens the door to the future for women and their families. Programs equip women with academic, math, English, financial, and practical skills they need to enter and succeed in college. Study after study has taught us that there is no tool more effective for development than the empowerment of women (Dubois). The next big puzzle has been,can we entrust women with leadership'Have women became their own enemy when it comes to politics' Women have been colluding for generations in ways that have led to our own and each other’s powerlessness in the living of our lives. So, why do men dominate leadership positions, and why can't highly qualified women get to the top' As Dr. Eagly puts it, women have to overcome obstacles to attain leadership positions, while men are offered a free pass. Our image of a leader is male, and so we more often select or promote men. Men control the hiring and favor men over women. We are simply reluctant to change the status quo. When pollsters ask, is the U.S. ready for a woman President' the majority answer No.So, consider this: What would our world look like with more women leaders' The research suggests that for organizations, industries, and for workers, it would be a better place (Freedman). So the issue of womens’ right has to recognized in most of our areas and be accorded the freedom they deserve.we all look forward to a time in the future where women only become pregnant because they want to, can afford and have access to prenatal care, and when they can choose how, where, and when they want to experience childbirth. In contrast,currently about half of all pregnancies are unplanned for , because contraceptives fail, because women don't have adequate access to them, or because they did not give consent to sex.Also this will be closely related wuth the extent to which women will be educated and the kinds of leadership position they will occupy in order to push for very important reforms as well as pass to law some polcies which will protect womens’ right. Works Cited Dubois, Ellen. Women Suffrage and Womens Rights. New york: NYU press, 1998. Freedman, Lenny. "Studies In Family Planning." (1993). Suarez, Suzanne Hope. Midwifery is not the Practice of Medicine, Suzanne Hope Suarez:. 11 January 2004. 4 October 2010 .