Tefl_Unit_4

WORKSHEET – UNIT 4 12/12/10 Task 1 – Complete the chart below with the present simple tense, using the verb ‘go’: PERSON|POSITIVE|QUESTION|NEGATIVE| Iyouhe/she/it|I goYou goShe goes|Do I go'Do you go'Does she go'|I don’t goYou don’tShe doesn’t| weyouthey|We goYou goThey go|Do we go'Do you go'Do they go'|We don’t goYou don’t goThey don’t go| Task 2 – Identify the following tenses, and give reasons for the identification: 1. I have never met anybody famous. Present perfect tense: Perfect present tense connects the past and with the present. Usages include finished actions that happened at an indefinite time, something that began in the past and is still happening today and past actions with present results. In this sentence the situation started in the past and continues to the present and indicates that it will probably continue. Present perfect tense often uses ‘for’ to talk about a period of time i.e ’for 3 days’. ‘Since’ is also used to talk about a point in time i.e ‘since 1994’ b) John is having a shower at the moment. Present continuous tense: The present continuous is used for an action happening now. The basic rule is to add ‘ing’ to the base verb i.e having. Exceptions exist with words ending in a vowels i.e coming. c) I go shopping at least twice a week. Present simple tense: The present simple tense is used to communicate an action which happens all the time, or routinely, in the past, present and future therefore the statement is always true. d) I have been working here for 10 years. Present perfect continuous tense: There are two uses for present perfect continuous tense, to describe a recently finished activity or an action continuing up to now. Present perfect tense often uses ‘for’ to talk about a period of time i.e ’for 10 years’. ‘Since’ is also used to talk about a point in time i.e ‘since Monday’ Task 3 – State as many usages as possible of the present tenses with an example sentence for each (not a sentence from the unit!). One of the usages for the present simple, with an example sentence, has been done for you. Bear in mind that there are more: a) Present simple 1. Facts – “The sun sets in the west.” 2. Routine actions – “They visit their father every Sunday afternoon.” 3. Commentaries – “Within minutes of entering the rink, Toronto Maple Leafs take control of the puck leaving the Florida Panthers struggling to keep up.” 4. Directions/Instructions – “Take a left at the traffic lights and keep left until you come to roundabout.” 5. Newspaper headlines – “Riots, fire and anger at tuition fees” 6. Present stories – “He ran up the hill, met a magician and turned into a giraffe.” 2. Present continuous 1. Action happening now – “He is cooking a winter stew with dumplings.” 2. Action happening around a time – “She’s dating Andrew.” 3. Action happening in the future – “I will be eating the stew when it is cooked in a hour.” 4. Emphasize very frequent action – “He is always late.” 5. Developing situation – “She’s getting old.” c) Present perfect 1. Experience – “We have been to Asia” 2. Completed action in unfinished time period – “I have worked two days this week.” 3. Continuing situation – “She’s had a cold since Monday.” 4. Past action with present result – “Now he has lost 10 pounds.” d) Present perfect continuous 1. Ongoing activity – “He’s lived in Cambridge since he was a 5 years old” 2. Recently finished activity with present result – “I’m happy because I’ve just finished work.” Task 4 – State how the tenses below are formed grammatically. Explain positive, negative and question forms: a) Present simple Positive: Subject + base form (+s/es) Negative: Subject + aux. verb + not + base form Question: aux. verb + subject + base form b) Present continuous Positive: Subject + aux. verb + ing Negative: Subject + aux. verb + not + ing Question: aux. verb + subject + verb + ing c) Present perfect Positive: subject + aux. verb + past participle Negative: subject + aux. verb + not + past participle Question: aux. verb + subject + past participle d) Present perfect continuous Positive: subject + aux. verb + been + verb + ing Negative: subject + aux. verb + not +been + verb + ing Question: aux. verb + subject +been + verb + ing Task 5 – Consider the following student errors. After each error, state: i) What the mistake is. ii) Why you think it has been made. iii) How you would explain and correct the mistake with a student. a) I am a secretary for five years. i) I have been a secretary for five years. ii) Student is still a secretary and therefore confusion is caused over the use of the word ‘been’. iii) I would explain that the student could say ‘I am a secretary and have been for five years’. I would explain the past participle of ‘been’. The present perfect tense is used to talk about something that began in the past and is still true now b) I have eat breakfast. i) I have eaten breakfast. ii) Irregular past participle causes confusion as student could want to say ‘I have eaten’ or ‘I ate’. iii) I would explain the base form: eat, past simple: ate, past participle: eaten and the present participle: eating. c) She’s liked him since six months. i) She’s like him for six months. ii) The use of ‘for’ and ‘since’. iii) I would explain the basic rule that ‘for’ is used to talk about a period of time i.e ’for 3 days’ and ‘since’ is used to talk about a point in time i.e ‘since 1994’. Six months is a period in time rather than a point in time. d) When you start work' i) When do you start work' ii) Student missing a word. iii) I would explain using other example sentences or if whole class then to work in pairs asking each other questions. e) I’ve been knowing her for three months. i) I have known her for three years. ii) The use of ‘been’ and the irregular form instead of ‘ing’. iii) I would ask the student to write the sentence in each tense to ensure the student understood. Task 6 – Give at least 2 teaching ideas (suitable for the Activate stage of a lesson) for the tenses below and give examples of sentences that you would expect your students to produce: a) Present simple Class has to find someone who does something once a day, class stops and students give examples of who does what every day. Activity extended to three times a day, once a year, twice a month etc Examples: She brushes her teeth every day. He goes to the gym once a week. She washes her car once a month. b) Present continuous Team Mime: students take it in turns to mime actions and team mates have to guess what the action is. Once all actions are written up on the board students use them in sentences. Examples: Reading. I am reading a book at the moment. c) Present perfect Room change: Three students leave the room and the other students move three objects. When the students return to the room they guess what has been moved. Example: Have you moved the bin' d) Present perfect continuous Guess what I’ve been doing' Students act out the result and other students guess what that students have been doing. Example: I’m sweaty. Have you been running' Have you been playing tennis'