Tda_2.2_Safeguarding_the_Welfare_of_Children_and_Young_People.

TDA 2.2 Safeguarding the welfare of children and young people. 1.1 Identify current legislation, guidelines, policies and procedures for safeguarding the welfare of children and young people. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989)
 This treaty sets out the rights and freedoms of all children in a set of 54 articles. Included in those rights are those which ensure that children are safe and looked after. Article 19 states children’s rights to be ‘protected from all forms of physical or mental violence, injury or abuse, neglect or negligent treatment, maltreatment or exploitation including sexual abuse by those looking after them’. Those countries which signed up to the Treaty, including the UK in 1991, are legally bound to implement legislation which supports each of the articles. Children Act 1989 This Act identifies the responsibilities of parents and professionals who must work to ensure the safety of the child. This Act includes two important sections which focus specifically on child protection. Section 47 states that the Local Authority has ‘a duty to investigate when there is a reasonable cause to suspect that a child is suffering, or likely to suffer, significant harm’. Section 17 states that services must be put into place to ‘safeguard and promote the welfare of children within the area who are in need’ The Education Act 2002 This sets out the responsibilities of Local Education Authorities (LEAs), governing bodies, head teachers and all those working in schools to ensure that children are safe and free from harm. Children Act 2004 * services to work more closely, forming an integrated service. * a ‘common’ assessment of children’s needs * a shared database of information which is relevant to the safety and 
welfare of children * earlier support for parents who are experiencing problems. Policies All Schools must develop policies which will ensure the safety and well being of children. These will clearly set out the responsibilities of the Staff and the procedures they must follow. They may be separate policies or one health and safety policy and they must include the following topics: * safeguarding and protecting, and procedures for reporting * e-safety * bullying, including cyber-bullying * Working Together to Safeguard Children (2006) 
 * This is guidance which sets out the duties of organisations and how they must work together to safeguard children and young people. 1.2 Describe the roles of different agencies involved in safeguarding the welfare of children and young people. Children’s social care Children’s social care role is to safeguard and promote the welfare of children who need it. They must work in conjunction with parents and other agencies. When a concern has been raised about a child, and they may be at risk, the children’s social care responsibilities are to decide on the course of action to take. If it is found a child may be at risk of harm or abuse social workers will: * carry out an assessment of children who may be at risk: for example, the child’s needs, the ability of parents to meet the child’s needs, family and environmental factors * meet and conduct interviews with the child and family members * liaise with and gather relevant information about the child and their 
circumstances from other agencies * take the lead during the Child Protection Conference. * take action when a child is thought to be in immediate danger. Police 
 * The police work closely with children’s social care to protect children from harm. The police have particular role to play. All forces have a Child Abuse Investigation Unit (CAIU). Their role and responsibilities include: * 
making decisions on whether a crime had been committed and if so, to start a criminal investigation * gathering of evidence from children’s social care and other agencies and others thought to be involved * taking emergency action if children are in immediate danger – this may involve removing the child or removing the perpetrator * attending court to give evidence when a crime has been committed. Health professionals GPs and Doctors in emergency departments, may examine children with injuries which they suspect may be non-accidental. They have a duty to alert children’s social care when abuse is suspected. they may also: * carry out a medical examination or observations of a child thought to be at risk of abuse or who has suffered abuse * contribute to children’s social care reports * give evidence in court if a crime has been committed. The National Society for the Protection of Children (NSPCC) 
 The NSPCC is a third-sector (charitable) organisation. Its role, as its name suggests, is to work to protect children from harm. The NSPCC is the only third-sector organisation (charity) which has the statutory power, alongside the police and children’s social services, to take action when children are at risk of abuse. The NSPCC also: * provides services to support families and children * provides a helpline for people to call who are worried about a child * provides a helpline for children in distress or danger * raises awareness of abuse, for example, through advertising and training materials 2.1 Identify the signs and symptoms of common childhood illnesses * looks pale
 * appears more tired or lethargic * is quiet or irritable * has dark rings around eyes * has lost their appetite
 * looks flushed or has a rash. Ilness | Signs and symptoms | Flu | Headaches, weakness | Tonsillitis | Very sore throat, difficulty swallowing, fever, pain in ears and neck | Diarrhoea / vomiting | Diarrhoea, stomach pains / vomiting, dehydration | Chickenpox | Itchy rash with blister-like appearance, fever | Mumps | Painful and swollen jaw, pain when swallowing, fever | Rubella (German measles) | Runny nose, temperature, red-pink rash, sore throat, headache | Measles | Red sores around mouth and nose developing into yellow-brown crusts | Glandular fever | Fever, runny nose, cough, blotchy red-brown spots, greyish-white spots in the mouth. | 2.2 Describe the actions to take when children or young people are ill or injured Minor injury’s These can be dealt with within the school and do not require a child to be sent home. These can be washed with clean water, but never use lotions or creams. Reporting and recording If a child has been feeling ill during the day, or has had a minor injury, the school needs to send a report to the parents or carer. Reporting to parents is particularly important when a child has suffered a head bump. Even where there are no obvious symptoms, the parents must be aware of what has happened and the symptoms they should look for. Information on incidents and accidents must be recorded in the school accident report book. If you witness an incident or accident you will have to provide details on what occurred and the action you took.. The member of staff in authority will complete and sign the reports. Serious accidents have to be reported to the Health and Safety Executive by law. 2.3 Identify circumstances when children and young people might require urgent medical attention. When working in a school it is important to recognise the signs and when you must get immediate help. An emergency situation which will require urgent medical attention includes: * severe bleeding * 
unconsciousness
 * choking
 * breathing difficulties * head injuries 2.4 Describe the actions to take in response to emergency situations including fires, security incidents and missing children or young people. Working in a school you should be aware of the policies and procedures for emergency situations and know the evacuation procedure for the building. Fire and other emergencies The building needs to be evacuated quickly in the event of a fire, gas leak or bomb scare. There should be procedures on how to do this in your school. These procedures must be displayed in each area of the school, giving information on: * how to raise the alarm in the event of a fire, gas leak or bomb scare * what to do if you hear the fire alarm * the route you should take – including a plan of the route from each room or area in the school * the nearest assembly point – for example, in a playground. Registers should be available so staff can make a check that all children 
are safely out of the building. 
 Things not to do, such as: * not allowing children to collect personal belongings or put on coats * not re-entering the building until you have been informed that it is safe to do so. 
 It is important that staff know the different
routes from each area they work in. Schools should run regular practices for fire drills. * * * Security 
 * Security procedures will include: * 
signing-in procedures/visitor badges
 * security locks on doors
 * procedures for collection of younger pupils * registration. 
All visitors to the school should be identified by badges. Any concerns should be reported immediately. * When children are missing * * Security procedures should minimise the risks of children going missing from school. Teaching Assistants may accompany children on school visits and to supervise a groups. Staff should make regular checks that all children are present. * * If children are missing, staff must take action immediately by. * 
reporting to the teacher responsible
 * * ensuring that other children are present and safe–checking the register * checking all areas of the school or grounds
 * informing the child’s parents
 * informing the police.