Stakeholder

A current study shown by the Health Resources and Services Administration (2004) confirmed that a variety of factors affect the demand and supply of direct-care in health care. These factors can be divided into two groups: policy controllers which they have important impact and exogenous factors, which policy makers have little or no control. Policy controls are recognized as; employee’s pay, behavior of employees, unionization, revenue and principles, employee education and learning programs, management regulation, and new models of care and service. Organizational factors As a common rule, managers of health care organizations exist within a unique professional culture (Seidel, Seavey, & Lewis, 1989, p. 10). Management team is needed for any organizations to develop and improve. If a business can effectively knock into the new ideas of all human resources and employees across all of the management level then they will be able to apply new and creative changes within their organization. The first purpose of management is development. Improvement within the organization can add value to a business’s efficiency as long as management learns to roll the modern ideas from managers through the organization. The managerial structure of an organization depends closely on the capabilities of their employees. The more the employees get educated on the modern technologies and ideas, the more efficient and productive they will be. Leadership team must have the ability to motivate employees to achieve superior goals. Managers must use their leadership skills in new ways in order to help lead employees into building modern ideas for the betterment of the organization. These new innovative ideas will help the employees and management determine new and most important procedures that could develop their business’s infrastructure. Structure and Culture Communication are both a contributory factor and a result of an organization’s structure and culture. The management team should be able to manage and control the business progress by changing and restructuring the company’s culture. Controlling can be radically altered by new ideas which would result in more efficient ways to help the business change to accomplish their overall goals. The new ideas or better say new technologies are not only a successful tool but a required element for better quality. Recently business world is continually growing and changing; the only way for organizations to stay successful is for them to remain competitive and innovative. The organization system in any organizations built based on the goal or goals for the organization. Then, the objectives or goals of those at the next lower level are decided upon so that they serve as the means to goals at the higher level. In this way the work of the organization is more clearly structured and better coordinated (Wieland, 1981, p. 233). However, by giving subordinates an opportunity to propose their objectives, and to participate with their superiors in setting goals, motivation may be enhanced. Depending on how the joint goal-setting meetings are handled, and also how follow-up and subsequent performance appraisals are treated, more or less of an impact may be made on "people" variables, such as motivation, cooperation, communication, and supportive interpersonal relations (Wieland, 1981, p. 233). Recently, a positive customer relation has become a critical component of health care service delivery (Levy, 1992, p. 366). As the trend has matured, health care providers have realized that effective service strategy must go beyond mere "guest relations" programs to the establishment of a culture of service excellence that "permeates administrative priorities and strategic planning, policies and procedures, physical design, and staff attitudes and behaviors" (Levy, 1992, p. 366). The approaches that have resulted from this new way of thinking about health care provision are now referred to as "total quality management" or "continuous quality improvement" (Levy, 1992, p. 366). In order to successfully implement the process improvement the management team needs to empower employees to effectively manage their work. train, and require individuals to take personal responsibility for improvement, productivity and quality. Ambition for continuous improvement in the sustainability of all activities by, among other things, economizing on the use of natural resources and working to eliminate pollution. Health care firms are looking to restructure inside the organizations for efficiency growth, cost saving, and increase patient satisfaction. Changes are being made on the work place culture and also how work is organized. In health care, restructure seems to include of revaluating the departmental obstacles and professional alliances; re-check and rearrange job requirements and skills; and bridging the "great divide" of inpatient and outpatient services (Greiner 1995). Usually, hospitals have been designed along departmental outlines planned by skill area and professional choices of practice. As rules and decision making moves further than the individual provider/ patient relationship, and as old-style recruitment and service delivery arrangements change, attention has focused on the quality of care. Responding to pressures from large public and private employers, consumer groups, unions, and legislators, managed care organizations are collaborating to find objective ways to measure the quality of health care, such as developing formulas for measuring the effectiveness of treatments for specific illnesses (Noble 1995). With consideration of how quality may be affected by recruitment, the Society of Medicine lately completed a comprehensive study of the adequacy of nursing staff in hospitals and nursing homes (Wunderlich et al. 1996). They selected a skilled group that studied and evaluated accessible data, works and study referred with specialists in the field. Service delivery factors. In the developed economical business setting organizations internationally are being faced with increased demand from stakeholders for improvement in service delivery to offer better value for money. According to Daniels, (1998) core and supporting services must be performed at the highest standards possible to meet quality requirements of stakeholders. Customer service is everything we do for the client that increases the customer experience. The person or organization that provides service to the costumer must get to know his or her clients and attempt to provide them with excellent service. Customer satisfaction is the client’s general opinion of satisfaction with a customer communication. Harris (2007) says that all customers have the following basic needs; Service, Price, Quality, Action, Appreciation. Customer must be confident on how easily the organization can change the service to more closely match the needs of the customer. One of the factors for increasing cost in health care is medical technology and the devices which it touches the growth in health care charges. The term of “medical technology” can be used to discuss the processes, tools, and methods by which medical care is provided. Some examples of improved in technology would contain of new medical and surgical procedures (e.g., angioplasty, joint replacements), drugs (e.g., biologic agents), medical devices (e.g., CT scanners, implantable defibrillators), and new support systems (e.g., electronic medical records and transmission of information, telemedicine. What Factors Affect the Growth of New Medical Technology' Health care technology is defined as, “prevention and rehabilitation, vaccines, pharmaceuticals, and devices, medical and surgical procedures, and the systems within which health is protected and maintained’ (University of York). Many factors effect modernization in medical care. Consumer demand for improved health is a major factor. Patients want medical care that will aim them attain and keep good health, improvement in medical technology are perceived as ways to promote those goals. Patient’s demand is affected by the increased community awareness of medical technology through the media, the Internet, and direct-to-consumer marketing. Health insurance organizations that deliver payment to the patient for their services also encourage for new innovations and medical advances. Medical treatments can be very costly, and their cost would be further than the influence of many people except their possibility of requiring health care. The promise of improved health through advances in medicine may raise the demand for health insurance by consumers looking for ways to assure access to the type of medical care that they want. For the rapid growth in health care costs; corporate, government, policymakers and the public must consider the question of how much health care we can afford. New medical technologies can carry many profits to patients, businesses and clinical, with increasing the quality of patients life through more efficient and effective treatments. The main areas of technological development likely to affect healthcare in near future have been categorized as: • IT and telecommunications, including decision support systems. • Advances in molecular genetics; • Developments in biotechnology which will enable advances in genetics to be exploited; • Development of bioengineering to produce artificial body parts and organs; • Further developments in minimal access surgery; • Further developments in transplantation, (House of Commons Health Committee). Future of technology in health care found that, high-tech improvements have been and are likely to be one of the most important drivers of medical spending. It will improve the design and improvement of an individual health record that provides information to the patient and those who look after them when needed. It will put in practice a number of service improvements which will provide clinicians, careers and patients with the tools, skills and knowledge to adopt best practice. The Department of Health has identified significant opportunities for the use of Information and Communications Technology to improve the quality of care and to meet patient expectation. Development in medical technology will increase the tendency to transfer care to primary care instead of acute hospitals. New technologies mean more diagnosis and treatment can be done in the community or health care settings. Electronic records will make care faster and safer and allow people to monitor the quality of their own care. Telemedicine or telecommunications are another improvement in health care technology that can help to develop any medical activity involving an element of distance. The Department of Health has stated that tele-care and related technologies can allow the patients to avoid unnecessary hospital admission and timely releases also it will improve quality of life and reducing care costs for people with long term conditions. According to Burns (2004) rapid organizational transformations can only be successful if they focus on structural change. Employee involvement is crucial to successful planned and emergent change especially in situations that require attitudinal and cultural changes. This however is a slow, learning process that requires a ‘Long March’ requiring extensive participation over time to challenge existing beliefs, behaviors and expectations. In situations of crisis employees with old attitudes and ways of behaving that are in contrast with new transformations are forced to change or risk losing their jobs. Conclusion In the world of organizations, management speaks often and sometimes passionately about their regard for stakeholders. Stakeholders must be recognized in any organizations; who they are' What they do' Why they exist' and how they can be developed reveals superficial reasoning about and vaguely stated values for stakeholders. Stakeholders in many different businesses usually have similar roles, because all of them have an interest in the business or firm that they have chosen. In a business, there are many people and organizations are able to support and have responsibility to keep the business survive. In health care field, stakeholders play a vital role in improving the quality of care by demanding for improving the technology. 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