Rel_Cdma_Project

INTRODUCTION OF CDMA SERVICES BY RELIANCE CONTENTS |TOPIC |PAGE NO. | |INITIATION |3 | |PLANNING |5 | |EXECUTION |7 | |MONITORING |8 | |CLOSING |13 | |CONCLUSION |14 | |REFRENCES |15 | INITIATION [pic] In this first project management phase, the preliminary work is done to clarify the problem or opportunity and how a solution would look. All interested parties are consulted and the project scope – what is in and what is out – is clarified as well as initial costings and timelines. The initiation stage should include a plan that encompasses the following areas: ▪ Analyzing the business needs/requirements in measurable goals ▪ Reviewing of the current operations ▪ Financial analysis of the costs and benefits including a budget ▪ Stakeholder analysis, including users, and support personnel for the project ▪ Project charter including costs, tasks, deliverables, and schedule The Late Dhirubhai Ambani dreamt of a digital India — an India where the common man would have access to affordable means of information and communication. Dhirubhai, who single-handedly built India’s largest private sector company virtually from scratch, had stated as early as 1999: “Make the tools of information and communication available to people at an affordable cost. They will overcome the handicaps of illiteracy and lack of mobility.” It was with this belief in mind that Reliance Communications (formerly Reliance Infocomm) started laying 60,000 route kilometres of a pan-India fibre optic backbone FEASIBLITY Snapshot of Telecom in India in 1994 • 0.8% teledensity – far below world average of 10% and other neighbouring countries. • Total phones: 8 mn with a waiting list of 2.5 mn. • Below 25% villages (1.7 lakhs) covered. 2003: Mobile boom has began • Declining entry costs and falling tariffs have lowered the bar in terms of affordability coupled with branding and advertising. • Upper middle class that spends 6% of its income on telecom services. 2003 : CDMA gains acceptance Reliance had the option to enter the GSM market which was preoccupied by various other players but the greater efficiency of CDMA technology and the availability of cheap Chinese manufactured mobile phones made reliance go with this new technology of CDMA-2000. DEFINATION [pic] In planning phase project groundwork is done. It is often the most time-consuming of the phases of project management create a specific list of things that need to happen in order for your goal or goals to be met. Project planning generally consists of ▪ determining how to plan ▪ developing the scope statement ▪ selecting the planning team ▪ identifying deliverables and creating the work breakdown structure ▪ identifying the activities needed to complete those deliverables and networking the activities in their logical sequence ▪ estimating the resource requirements for the activities ▪ estimating time and cost for activities ▪ developing the schedule ▪ developing the budget ▪ risk planning ▪ gaining formal approval to begin work. SYSTEM: MOBILE COMMUNICATION CDMA stands for Code Division Multiple Access. Both data and voice are separated from signals using codes and then transmitted using a wide frequency range. Because of this, : there are more space left for data transfer (this was one of the reasons why CDMA is the preferred technology for the 3G generation, which is broadband access and the use of big multimedia messages). 14% of the worldwide market goes to CDMA. GSM stands for Global System Mobile. Even though it is sold as “the latest technology” in several countries, this technology is older than CDMA (and also TDMA). But keep in mind that this doesn’t mean that GSM is inferior or worse than CDMA. Roaming readiness and fraud prevention are two major advantages from this technology. GSM is the most used cell phone technology in the world, with 73% of the worldwide market. It has a very strong presence in Europe. PROJECT : CDMA SERVICES BY RELIANCE Reliance opted for CDMA technology because : • 9 times out of 10 CDMA will provide better coverage than GSM, especially inside buildings that GSM can't penetrate. • CDMA network fares much better than GSM network in HTTP download data rate performance in 7 out of 8 metros. GSM which is more ubiquitous than CDMA is behind in six data network performance metrics. PROJECT TEAM STRUCTURE [pic] EXECUTION [pic] Executing consists of the processes used to complete the work defined in the project management plan to accomplish the project's requirements. Execution process involves coordinating people and resources, as well as integrating and performing the activities of the project in accordance with the project management plan. The deliverables are produced as outputs from the processes performed as defined in the project management plan. DESIGN Design should be simple, flexible executable on ground, standardized as far as possible and should cater for site and location specific constraints and requirements. The commitments and decisions during design phase have a very high level of influence on the project cost as any alterations results in avoidable reworks and disruption of work. Some of the features which are recommended to be considered within the frame work of site constraints are given below: • Standardized the dimensions of beam and columns thereby reducing the number of set of forms and ease of construction • Reduce number of bars in a given concrete placement to avoid dense congestion of reinforcement by either using larger bar sizes or increasing the cross sectional area at critical sections. • It should be practical, executable at site with realistic tolerance. • Avoid wordy and redundant specifications, seeking liability avoidance through inclusion of excessive requirement and unnecessary standards. • Specify specific clause in the code rather than entire code. It will reduce cost, availability time and expedite inspection of material. • Specify approved material and components. • Specify clearly the desired standards of quality and performance required at site • Provide quick response to requests for clarification or changes in design details. • Testing of materials for quality level MONITORING [pic] Monitoring and controlling consists of those processes performed to observe project execution so that potential problems can be identified in a timely manner and corrective action can be taken, when necessary, to control the execution of the project. The key benefit is that project performance is observed and measured regularly to identify variances from the project management plan. Monitoring and Controlling includes: ▪ Measuring the ongoing project activities ▪ Monitoring the project variables (cost, effort, scope, etc.) against the project management plan and the project performance baseline. ▪ Identify corrective actions to address issues and risks properly ▪ Influencing the factors that could circumvent integrated change control so only approved changes are implemented In multi-phase projects, the monitoring and controlling process also provides feedback between project phases, in order to implement corrective or preventive actions to bring the project into compliance with the project management plan. Project Maintenance is an ongoing process, and it includes: ▪ Continuing support of end users ▪ Correction of errors ▪ Updates of the software over time SUPERVISION AT SITE The main objective of site supervision is to ensure that requirement as defined in contract documents are correctly interpreted and problems are satisfactorily resolved. Salient features are: • Define responsibility so that there is no overlapping of activities and responsibilities • Define specific functions of personnel and extent of delegation of powers, responsibilities and authority. • Avoid passing of responsibilities especially in case of failures • Supervisors are thoroughly conversant regarding the scope of work, quality standard required and resource available to him. • Supervisors possess requisite knowledge • Regular quality and performance checks by managers DOCUMENTATION • Site wise details of commissioning reports of all equipment on sites • Warranty certificates and clauses. • Details of equipment installed giving the vendor, capacity and serial numbers of each equipment. Details indicating site wise date and time of receipt and description of complaint, complaints, completion, spares used duly verified by the customer/site engineer. TESTING Specific to CDMA projects the plan should include the standard for each activity. Instead of quoting the IS code the relevant features of the code should be included and the focus should be on practicality and constructivity. Few of the salient requirements in respect of major equipment are as under: Tower • Galvanizing of fabricated steel as per IS 2595 with a minimum thickness of 85 microns • Welding by electrodes conforming to AWS:E6013 • All members provided with marking for ease of construction • Bolts and nuts as per IS 1363 and washers IS 5369 • Incase of new customer prototype of tower be got approved before dispatch to site Erection • Verticality of the tower to be ensured and tightening of bolts after proper alignment and verticality of tower is ensured • Check nuts must be provided as in addition to assistance in achieving verticality of tower it also provides additional support to the bolts. • Painting of tower with one coat of primer and two coats of approved enamel paint • Erector to comply with safe erection practices and guard against hazardous and unsafe working condition. Shelter • No breakages in walls, roofs, doors of the shelter • No depression in floors • Proper anti static flooring • Locking arrangements for door Electrical • Earth pits as per drawings • Earth value not exceeding • Provision of insulators, especially below bus bars • Proper crimping of joints and provision of clamps • Proper routing of cables • Use of approved makes and brands Civil Works • Layout as per drawing and jointly verified by client, vendor and owner • Approved makes of cement, steel and bricks to be used. • Check date of manufacture and quality cement before use • Bending and laying of steel as per drawing and bar bending schedule • Provision of cover blocks. No bricks/ wooden pieces will be used • Water cement ratio to be maintained • Centre to centre distances and level of columns to be ensured. • Compaction of earth work ensured • Cube tests for compressive strength to be undertaken and documented. RISK MANAGEMENT Specific to CDMA projects wherein the cell sites are spaced wide apart and located in various types of terrains under different climatic conditions it is imperative that the contract terms and conditions caters for the site and location specific conditions. Thus the need to investigate the project in depth by reliable, committed, financially strong and technically competent construction consortium. Risk management is a systematic process in which risk factors are identified, evaluated and planned. It is formal approach to set out numerous varied uncertainties in order to identify critical issues and provide measures for tackling difficulties that occur. It includes identification and assessment of risks together with development of strategies to minimize them when they occur, mitigate adverse effect or take advantage of beneficial ones. Undertaking GSM/CDMA project is fraught with risks and obstacles owning to the very nature and terrain of the project. This results in additional cost of remobilization, reworks, additions and alterations. IMPLEMENTATION Structural Analysis of Existing Building It is of utmost importance that the structural analysis of the existing structure is assessed prior to its consideration for installation of tower and allied equipment • Framed structure should be preferred over structure on walls • In multistory building the suitability should be assessed after analyzing the structural suitability of each floor. • As far as possible avoid structure with RBC roof slab as exposing the reinforcement of the slab will affect the strength of the slab • Separate approach to the cell site should be or made available • The existing reinforcement of columns, beams and/or slabs should be exposed to check their respective sizes. • The design and layout should cater for the restricted availability of space so as to avoid dense reinforcement and for ease of laying of form work. Training Human resource development is one of the most essential ingredients of developing customer’s confidence and meeting commitments made to the customer. Training plays an important role in developing the knowledge, methods, techniques and awareness of human resource. Training method as a change replaces the old view with new tangible, practical and concrete behaviours and techniques. The curriculum should be need based and correlated to the engineering operations in the field. Paramount features of technique are: • Consist of project specific requirement • Project management techniques and methods • Tools and techniques to improve quality and project delivery performance • Identification of risks and remedial measures to overcome them • Changes and trends in customer requirements, business management systems and practices • Continual improvements in preventive and corrective actions. • Realistic and specific case studies which in addition highlight lessons learnt. TERMINATION Project Closure involves releasing the final deliverables to the customer, handing over project documentation to the business, terminating supplier contracts, releasing project resources and communicating project closure to all project stakeholders. The last remaining step is to undertake a Post Implementation Review, to measure the level of project success and identify any lessons learned for future projects. Closing includes the formal acceptance of the project and the ending thereof. Administrative activities include the archiving of the files and documenting lessons learned. This phase consists of: ▪ Project close: Finalize all activities across all of the process groups to formally close the project or a project phase ▪ Contract closure: Complete and settle each contract (including the resolution of any open items) and close each contract applicable to the project or project phase. OPERATION [pic] The deployment of the project includes changes and enhancements before the decommissioning or sunset of the system. Maintaining the project is an important aspect . As key personnel change positions in the organization, new changes will be implemented, which will require system updates. SYSTEM MAINTENANCE • Design, develop the operating and accounting system of all telecom and passive infrastructure items • Round the clock security and up keep of warehouse • Provide adequate fire fighting equipment • Stock verification every month • Keep the management informed on the stock position • Monitor the stock position of equipment and material critical to the project. • Monitor the unused material in good or non serviceable condition. MIS • Stock position indicating the receipt , issue and balance material • Site wise distribution of material and equipment • Correlate the distribution of material to sites with respective invoices. • Configuration of equipment: Gives details of vendors, make, serial numbers and capacity • Warranty and commissioning dates of each equipment CONCLUSION There are around 100 million CMDA subscribers and 300 million GSM subscribers. Every 1 in 4 mobile user is a CDMA subscriber. Reliance, Tata Indicom and Virgin mobiles are the only CDMA operators in India. Reliance and Tata are rolling out their GSM networks too. Though CDMA technology has an edge over GSM in both Voice and Data network performance in India, only about 62 percent of new acquisitions among CDMA players are likely to consider their existing service provider as their next choice. More importantly a third of them (33%) are likely to consider a GSM brand as their first choice as according to the respondents it delivers better on both network and price. CDMA evolution ground is wider and in a few years it will be superior to GSM. Existing CDMA operators chose to use 1xEV-DO and1XEV-DV technologies for their 3G network and the existing GSM operators have opted for a different technology, called WCDMA. REFERENCES • www.reliancecommunication.com • Wikipedia • Project management by John Nicholas • www.project management.com ----------------------- [pic] [pic]