Qoutations

University of Salahaddin /College of languages MA Center of literature / Research writing Course Prof. Dr. Fatimah Rashid Hasan ------------------------------------------------- Weekly assignments Q: IIV Use brackets to set off changes within a quotation. Brackets will indicate your changes or addition. Avoid excessive use of brackets, they make quotations more difficult to read and comprehend. For Instance this speech is taken from Shakespeare’s Othello in order to demonstrate the use of punctuation within a quotation. * Original: Iago: Hold your peace. Emilia: ‘T will out, ‘t will out. I peace! No, I will speak as liberal as the north. (5.2.218-19) * Though Iago bids his wife to “hold her Peace,” Emilia declares, “I will speak as liberally as the north wind” (5.2.218-19). This is not acceptable because the words within your quotation marks must be quoted exactly from the original, otherwise you can enclose new words within brackets like: * Though Iago bids his wife to “hold [her] peace,” Emilia declares, “ I will speak as liberal[ly] as the north [wind] (5.2.218-19). Often paraphrase will serve as well as quotation, especially when you’re not explicitly analyzing the language of the passage, because following explicit approach means going through the work in detail and give comment. * Though Iago bids his wife to hold her peace, Emilia declares that she will speak as liberally as the north wind. Notice that a word within brackets can either replace a word in the original (as in the substitution of her for "your" above) or be added to explain or complete the original (as with –ly and wind above) since a reader understands that brackets signal either substitution or additions, it's wrong to include the new words for which the substitutions have been made. * Iago bids his wife to “hold your [her] peace” (5-2-218-19). When you add new word to the quotation, you should read the sentence including the new words, as if there were no brackets: * After Iago’s treachery has been completely exposed, Lodovico tells Othello: You must forsake this room, and go with us. Your power and your command is taken off. And Cassio rules in Cybrus.For this slave [Iago], If there can be any cunning cruelty That can torment him much and hold him long, It shall be his. (5.2.329-34) Q: IX It is permissible to omit words from quoted material, but only if the omission is indicated Three spaced periods are used to indicate the omission(they are called ellipsis points).If there are four periods ,the first is the normal period at the end of a sentence; the other three indicate the ellipsis. * The Chaplin in Brecht’s Mother courage insists that war and peace are not that difficult ,that “there’s peace in war,” as he puts it, alluding people to “do a crap . . . a bit of shuteye” (597) Q: X Single quotation marks are used for quotation within quotation. Thus, if the material you are quoting in a run-in quotation includes a quotation, you should reduce the original double quote mark to single quote marks. * In her dying speech, Emilia asks her dead mistress, “Hark, canst thou hear me' I will play the swan, / And die in music. ‘willow, willow, willow’ “ * He said to her: “I thought ‘Titanic’ was a good film.” Q: XI We place commas and periods within a quotation: * I am not valiant neither,” says Othello (5.2.242) * In Book Thirteen of The Odyssey , Homer writes, “. . . You must come from the other end of nowhere, / else you are a great body, having to ask / what place this is.” Semicolon and colon are placed outside the quotation marks: * Williams described the experiment as "a definitive step forward”; other scientists disagreed. * Benedetto emphasizes three elements of what she calls her "Olympic journey“: family support, personal commitment, and great coaching. Question marks and exclamation marks are placed inside if the belong to the question or they are placed outside if they belong to your sentences: * “ Who can control his fate'” cries Othello(5.2.265) * Have You read “War and Peace”' * Upon learning his wife has died, Macbeth says, “out, out, brief candle!” (5.5.23). * Can you imagine' He has never read “War and Peace”!