Psychology_of_Music_Teaching

Music Psychology for Musicians Donald A. Hodges University of North Carolina at Greensboro and David C. Sebald University of Texas at San Antonio Music Psychology for Musicians, p. 2 MUS IC PS YCHOLOGY FOR MUS ICIANS Donald A. Hodges1 and David C. Sebald2 1 University of North Carolina at Greensboro 2 University of Texas at San Antonio Chapter 1. What is Music Psychology' A Brief Tour of the Model of Music Psychology Contributions from Sociology Contributions from Anthropology Contributions from Biology Contributions from Philosophy Contributions from Physics Contributions from Psychology Contributions from Education Contributions from Music Chapter 2. The History and Literature of Music Psychology A Very Brief History of Music Psychology An Overview of the Literature in Music Psychology Library and Online Resources Music Psychology Periodicals Music Psychology Organizations Chapter 3. Music Psychology and Music Philosophy General Philosophical Ideas Music and the Universe The Science of Beauty Experimental Aesthetics The Golden Mean and Mathematical Influences A Philosophical Paradigm Shift in Music Psychology Music as a Way of Knowing Knowledge Gained through a Musical Knowledge System Implications of Music as a Human Knowledge System Conclusion Chapter 4. The Nature of Human Musicality The Musical Significance of Human Nature Biological Differences Adaptability Cultural Evolution Symbolic Behaviors Music Psychology for Musicians, p. 3 Love Play Religion Technology Knowledge Aesthetic Sensitivity Summary Concluding Statement Chapter 5. Acoustical Foundations of Music Defining Sound Important Parameters of Sound Measuring and Describing Sound Frequency Amplitude Waveform (Signal Shape) Time How Environment Affects Sound Transmission and Absorption Reflection Diffraction Refraction Interference Conclusion Chapter 6. The Ears and Music Listening The Hearing Mechanism Outer Ear Middle Ear Inner Ear From Ear to Brain The Auditory Cortex 7. Psychoacoustics and the Perception of Music The Critical Band* The Perception of Pitch* Pitch Discrimination* Pitch Matching Absolute Pitch The Perception of Loudness* The Perception of Timbre* The Perception of Duration* Secondary Relationships* Pitch Loudness Timbre Music Psychology for Musicians, p. 4 Duration Volume and Density Conclusion Chapter 8. Music Cognition Gestalt Laws of Cognitive Organization* Auditory Scene Analysis Schemata The Spotlight of Attention* The Cocktail Party Phenomenon and Selective Attention Musical Memory* Expectancy Theory* Chapter 9. The Influence of Music on Bodily Responses Physiological Responses to Music Heart Rate and Pulse Rate Blood Pressure Respiration Skin Conductance Responses Biochemical Responses Skin, Finger or Body Temperature Miscellaneous Responses Blood Volume Blood-Oxygen Saturation Gastric Motility Physical Responses to Music Muscular and Motor Responses Facial Gestures Body Movements Behavioral Responses Music and Exercise Music and Dance Music-Influenced Decision Making Gender Differences Musician/Non-musician Differences Concluding Statement Chapter 10. Music and Emotions The Cognitivist Position The Emotivist Position A Third Viewpoint Summary Chapter 11. Why Are We Musical' Rhythm, a Fundamental Life Process Music Psychology for Musicians, p. 5 Biophony Mother-Infant Bonding The Acquisition of Language A Unique Mode of Knowing Social Organization Summary Chapter 12. The Musical Brain Brief Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience Neuroanatomy Neurophysiology Plasticity Pruning Critical Periods A Neural Network of Brain Functioning Learning and Memory Techniques for Studying the Brain Examining Brain-Damaged Individuals Dichotic Listening Tasks Electroencephalography Event-Related Potentials Magnetoencephalography Positron-Emission Tomography Magnetic Resonance Imaging Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Diffusion Tensor Imaging Overview of Neuromusical Research Support from Ancillary Disciplines Anthropology and Ethnomusicology Ethology Music Psychology Support from Indirect Approaches Fetal and Infant Responses to Music The Effect of Brain Damage on Musical Behaviors Amusia Musical Prodigies and Savants Williams Syndrome Alzheimer's Disease Musicogenic Epilepsy and Auditory Hallucinations General Findings from Neuromusical Research Perception and Cognition Affective Responses Musical Performance Music Learning Conclusions Music Psychology for Musicians, p. 6 Chapter 13. Music Performance Motor Skills Neuromotor Aspects of Music Making Motor Aspects of Music Making The Acquisition of Motor Skills Audio-Motor Systems Quantity of Practice Cognitive Skills Quality of Practice Mental Rehearsal Music Reading Metacognition, Self-Regulation, and Self-Efficacy Expressive Skills Body Movement Musical Cues for Expressiveness Conclusions Chapter 14. Music Therapy — Music Medicine — Performing Arts Medicine Music Therapy Autism Cerebral Palsy Psychiatric Disorders Parkinson's Disease and Stroke Alzheimer's Disease Premature and Newborn Infants Dyslexia Music Medicine Stress, Pain, Anxiety, and the Immune System Aphasia Performing Arts Medicine Hearing Health Vocal Health Neuromusculoskeletal Health Mental Health Performance Anxiety Other Mental Health Issues Chapter 15. The Psychology of Music Learning Psychoanalysis Behavioral Psychology Humanistic Psychology Gestalt Psychology Music Psychology for Musicians, p. 7 Developmental Psychology Cognitive Psychology Social Psychology Chapter 16. The Musical Person Are Musicians Born of Made' Genetic Factors in Musicality Data in Support of the Inheritance of Musical Attributes Data in Support of the Acquisition of Musical Attributes Resolution of the Inheritance/Acquisition of Musical Attributes The Relationship of Musical Attributes to Other Human Attributes The Musical Personality Musical Identity Musical Preferences Chapter 17. The Anthropology of Music Time-Line of Early Artistic Behaviors Prehistoric Cave and Rock Art Art and Technology Invariants Religion Celebrations Altered States of Consciousness Dance Music: A Human Invariant Merriam's Ten Functions of Music The Function of Emotional Expression The Function of Aesthetic Enjoyment The Function of Entertainment The Function of Communication The Function of Symbolic Representation The Function of Physical Response The Function of Enforcing Conformity to Social Norms The Function of Validation of Social Institutions and Religious Rituals The Function of the Contribution to the Continuity and Stability of Culture Summary Chapter 18. The S ociology of Music Music in American Society Music at Home Music at School Music in the Community Music in the Marketplace Music Psychology for Musicians, p. 8 Music in Religion Music for Special Occasions Music in Politics Music in the Military Music in Health Care Systems Music and Physical Activities Music in the Commercial Media Music in Professional and Social Organizations Music in Places to Go Miscellaneous Reflections of Society in Music Social Behaviors among Performing Musicians Social Behaviors among Music Listeners The Influence of Music on Social Behaviors Music as a Socializing Agent The Influence of Music in the Workplace The Influence of Music on Thought, Attitude, and Social Behavior Summary Multimedia Materials 5. Acoustical Foundations of Music Acoustics Sound Transmission 6. The Ears and Music Listening Ear Anatomy The Hearing Process Hearing Damage Sound Localization 7. Psychoacoustics and the Perception of Music The Critical Band The Perception of Pitch Wave Form Generator Pitch Discrimination The Perception of Loudness Equal Loudness Contours The Perception of Timbre The Perception of Duration Anomalies and Secondary Relationships 8. Music Cognition Gestalt Principles of Musical Organization Music Psychology for Musicians, p. 9 Auditory Stream Segregation Musical Fusion and Fission Tchaikovsky: 6th Symphony Musical Memory Expectancy Theory Gap-fill Melody Changing Note Patterns 10. Music and Emotion Cognitive and Emotional Responses to Music Beethoven: Piano Sonata, Op. 14:2 Brahms: Symphony No. 1 Chopin: Waltz, Op. 62:2 Haydn: String Quartet, Op. 33:2, The Joke Schoenberg: Pierrot Lunaire Schubert: Symphony No. 8, The Unfinished Strauss: Also sprach Zarathustra and Ein Heldenleben Verdi: Overture to La Forza del Destino