Physcal._Emotional._Intellectual_Child_Development

age physical Language/communication intellectual social emotional Spiritual 0 – 1 year *grasp an object that has touched the palm of their hand *lifting and holding head up for few seconds *interest in playing with fingers *turn their head to look for a nipple or teat if their cheek is touched suck and swallow *startle in response to a sudden sound or bright light stretch their arms suddenly and then bring them in if they feel they are falling *try to make stepping movements if they are held upright with their feet on a firm surface *exploring toys and objects in the mouth and with fingers *sitting with support *crawling or rolling *sitting up without any support *standing up and holding unto furniture *picking and handling small objects *Cries to communicate needs *looking around and reacting to sounds *coos when content *pointing at objects *tuneful babble sounds like talking *recognise their mother’s voice and smell *excitement when it is time to be fed *notices objects around them *shows curiosity to see what is happening around them *enjoys simple repeated games such as pat-a-cake *Begins to develop bond with parents, siblings, carers and familiar faces *smiles back at a smiling face *waving bye- bye *cry when they are hungry, in pain, need feeding, changing or just cuddling 1 – 3 years *move around, either by crawling or shuffling *walking up and down the stairs with the help of an adult *eagerness for independence, to feed self with hand or spoon *enjoys running and climbing and even encourage adults chase after them *turns pages of books *pedalling tricycle *toilet training starts and gradually some children can express when they toilet *enjoys sand and water play *able to walk up stairs using alternate feet *tell the difference between boys and girls * build a bridge with bricks *undo buttons and thread beads *less babbling and more recognizable words *starts to cry when they want something and don’t get it *points and names familiar objects *enjoys doing things by themselves, enjoys exploring and picking up things by themselves *enjoys dressing up and playing with small toys *understand the world around them *enjoy books *interest in other children *keen to show adults things *playing along with other children and coping their actions *keen to help adults *sings of temper and frustration *distress if not with people they know well *have fewer temper tantrums (that started when she was about 18 months) *restless and most times un-cooperative *enjoy copying and helping adults. *sometimes enjoying simple games of giving and taking. 3– 5 years *children riding on tricycles, climbing and enjoying simple ball games *skilful use of the hands to do activities such as threading, pouring and using scissors *ability to kick and control a ball *holds pencil properly and can make meaningful drawing, writing or painting *unfamiliar adult can understand their speech *can recite numbers, alphabets and count objects *able to have conversation *have favourite rhythms and songs *has vivid imagination *enjoys talking and asking lots of questions *begins to show understanding of past and present *uses humour *concentration when an activity has caught their interest *co-operative play between children along with odd squabble arguments *shows fear of dark and abandonment *begins to enjoy jokes, silly games and showing off *able to separate from parents easily *can now wait for needs to be fulfilled *beginning to be aware of do’s and don’t and may struggle with the do’s with much mistakes *shows ability to bargain but not reason Age Bracket physical Language/communication Intellectual Social Emotional Spiritual 5 – 8 years *more legible hand writing and increased fine manipulative movements *can dress and undress themselves *ability to kick and control a ball * Enjoys hopping, bike riding, roller blading and skating * Balances on a wall or beam * Has finer manipulation of building bricks, jigsaws, etc * Can sew simple stitches * Ties and unties laces * Controls pencil in a small area and does detailed drawing *enjoyment of jokes *can relate events which occurred in the past *reads with considerable ease and now writes simple compositions *controls pitch and volume of voice which are generally well and appropriately established *can carry on conversation at rather adult level *well developed time and number concepts *gain confidence and coordination *beginning to decode familiar words *keen to understand and use rules * Ability to write developing, is able to write some words and copy others Reads simple books Increasing sophistication in drawing and painting Knows birthday Sight reads ten or more words Can predict next events Can count up to 100 Knows half and whole *establishes friendship and preferences * Becomes engrossed in activities * Concerned about being disliked * Good sense of self awareness developed * Able to form firm friendships * Very supportive of each other, playing complex games * Plays in separate sex groups *shows anger, delight, cheerfulness *Develops fears of ghosts, things under the bed * Fairly independent and confident Increasing sense of morality (right and wrong Age Bracket Physical Communication & Language intellectual Social emotional Spiritual 8 – 11 years * Improves physical skills that have already developed * Puberty starts around 10 for girls with a growth spurt and increase in body strength * Speech is fluent and correct, using descriptive language * Gives full name, age, birthday and address * Enjoys jokes, singing, rhymes, etc. * Rapidly expanding vocabulary * Recognises new words and asks the meaning of them * Will accurately copy accents heard * Able to understand concept of conservation , for example the amount of play dough remains the same if you make a ball of dough into a long, thin snake * Developing the ability to think about several things at once * Enjoys games and rules Understands the use of symbols in maths, writing, etc. * Great curiosity in relation to workings of his or her environment * Can reason and apply logic to problems * Can transfer information from one situation and use in another Becoming more creative in play * Reading and writing confidently Increasing preferences for subjects * Friendships become very important – mostly same sex Concern at thoughts of others about them * Often unsure about changes in settings * starts to become conscious about appearance * Some starts to become aware of the opposite sex and may find them attractive. * displays signs of empathy * begins to see things from another child’s point of view * may still require help to express feelings in appropriate way * Increased sense of morality (right and wrong * joins clubs lead by peers * wants to be accepted by peers Age Bracket Physical Communication/Language Intellectual Social Emotional Spiritual 11- 19 years * Brains developing with increase in reaction times and co-ordination * For girls puberty is complete at about 14 and periods start For boys puberty is 13–16 and they will be stronger than girls * Most children are fluent speakers, readers and writers of their language * Increasing use of peer influenced, coded language * Can reason and apply logic to problems * Can transfer information from one situation and use in another * Becoming more creative in reading and writing *confidently Increasing preferences for subjects years *Developing ability to think abstractly *Will question sources of information *Becoming more globally aware * Clear preferences for arts or sciences Choices relating to future education and careers being thought about *Body changes can upset self esteem *Need to resolve changes into adulthood * Some are more assured about changes in settings * Wants to spend more time with friends than family * Peer pressure a significant influence * may show feelings about breaking away from parents *troubled youth may act out to express emotional pains (drug use, skip schools or fights) *experience high and low of hormonal changes *avoids regular family activities *increased demands for privacy and argumentativeness