Music_128_Term

how music connects to art, history, society, politics - Overall aesthetic associations to other means and forms of expression and ideas Improvisation - free musical 'on the spot' artistic, musical, expression Ballad: strophic song - chorus, verse, chorus, verse etc... Timbre - unique sound color of a particular instrument or voice that allows us to distinguish differences between them Shape: Rise the tone by half step Flat: Lower the tone by half step Tonality: principle of organization around a tonic, or home pitch based on a major or minor scale.(Center tone) Major Tonality: WWHWWWH, third degree is raised by half step. Minor Tonality: WHWWHWW, third degree is lower by half step. Interval: is the distance between any two tones. (Counted by step) Means of Expressivity: a style of visual art and literature in Germany and Australia in the early twentieth century. The term is sometimes also applied to music especially composers of the second Viennese School. Genre: general term describer the standard category and overall character of a work. Consonance: the tones provide a scense of relaxation and stability in music. Dissonance: tons that sounds discordant and unstable in need to be resolution. Melodic Shapes: Disjunct: disconnected melody with many leaps Conjunct: smooth connected melody that moves principle by small intervals Chamber Music: ensemble music for up to about ten players with one player to a part. Rhythm: the controlled movement of music in time. (what moves forward in time) Accented Beat: best become louder and louder Offbeat: A weak beat or any pulse between the beats in a measured rhyme patter Syncopated Rhythm: Deliberate upsetting of the meter or pulse through a temporary shifting of the accent to a weak beat or an weak beat of an offbeat. Polyrhythm: the simultaneous use of several rhythmic patterns or meters, common in twentieth-century music and in certain African music. Melodic: succession of single tones or pitches perceived by the mind as unity Blue Note: Asingle drop of pitch on the third, fifth or seventh tones of the scale common in the blues and jazz also bent pitch Harmony: describes the simultaneous events in music. Tonic: the first note of the scale or key also called keystone Dominant: the fifth scale step. Major Tonality: WWHWWWH, third degree is raised by half step. Minor Tonality: WHWWHWW, third degree is lower by half step. Dynamics and volume, Monophonic: single voice music without accompaniment. Homophonic: Occurs when one melodic voice is prominent over the accompanying lines or services. Polyphonic textures: describes a many –voice texture based on counterpoint- one line set against another. Imitative texture: when a melodic ideas is presented in one voice, then restated in another-is a common unifying technique un polyphony. Consonance: the tones provide a scense of relaxation and stability in music. Dissonance: tons that sounds discordant and unstable in need to be resolution. Beat: basic unit of rhythm, it is a regular that divides time into equal segments. Accented beat: Some beat are stronger. Unaccented beat: Offbeat. Texture: the interweaving of melodic (horizontal) and harmonic (vertical) elements in the musical fabric. Range: distance between the lowest and highest tones of a melody, an instrument or a voice. Register: selection or combinations of stops in a work for organ or harpsichord Range of an instrument or voice such as low middle or high as its register. Standard Musical Ensembles instrumental: vocal types: Soprano （女高音） Mezzo- Soprano（次女高音） Alto (女低音) Tenor (男高音) Baritone (男中音) Bass （男低音）