Medication

Form 6 Learner Performance Evidence Record for Holistic Assessment of Units Use this form to record details of activities (tick as appropriate) Observed by your assessor □ Assignments / Projects □ Seen by a witness □ Questions □ Learner Reflective account □ Learner explanation □ Award: Candidate Name: Registration Number: Date: |Links to |Performance Evidence | |Unit No. |Learning |Ass. | | | |Outcome |Criteria | | | | | | | | | | |This assignment will be about the different types of legislation which governs the way in which we practice with the individuals| | | | |we support, within the Social care setting. | | | | | | | | | |The Medication act 1968: | | | | | | | | | |The medication act (1968), this act regulates all retail and wholesale dealings in medication and poisons, including the | | | | |manufacture, sale, supply and import of medicines. It also provides the legal framework for production and licensing of medicine| | | | |through to prescribing, sale, supply and administration of all medicinal products within the uk.It requires that the pharmacy is| | | | |responsible for supplying medication but that they can only do this on the receipt of a prescription from an authorized person | | | | |ie a doctor. | | | | |There are three legal categories of medicinal products under the medications act which are :- | | | | |Prescription only medicines (POM) are a medicine which is dispensed by a registered pharmacist only, with an authorized | | | | |practitioner’s prescription. | | | | |Pharmacy medication (P) is a medication that can only be sold or supplied from a registered pharmacy by or under the supervision| | | | |of a registered pharmacist. | | | | |General sales list (GSL) are medicines that the medicines and health care products regulatory agency (MHRA) deem safe enough to | | | | |be sold or supplied direct to the public from a shop or supermarkets. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |The misuse of drugs act (1971) | | | | | | | | | |The misuse of drugs act (1971)controls dangerous or otherwise harmful drugs and so are classified as controlled drugs, | | | | |controlled drugs are a sub- category of prescription only medicines and include medicines that maybe especially harmful or open | | | | |to abuse. | | | | |Controlled drugs are subject to specific legal controls and recommendations that are defined by the misuse of drugs regulations | | | | |2001,these include | | | | |Restrictions / recommendations that only 30 days’ supply is issued at any one time | | | | |Restrictions on who can prescribe and supply | | | | |Prescriptions are only valid for 28 days | | | | |How they are stored and disposed of and how and what records are kept. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |The misuse of drugs regulation (2001) and safer management of controlled drugs (2006) and amendment (2007) to include safe | | | | |custody. | | | | | | | | | |The misuse of drugs regulation 2001 divides controlled drugs into five categories with the most stringent restrictions being | | | | |applied to schedule 1 and the least stringent restrictions to schedule 5these regulations were amended to include the safer | | | | |management of controlled drugs (2006) which specifies how controlled drugs are stored, administered and disposed of. Then again | | | | |amendments were made in (2007) to include the misuse of drugs safe custody, This act covers the safe handling, record keeping, | | | | |and storage of controlled drugs correctly. | | | | | | | | | |The health and safety at work act (1974) | | | | | | | | | |Under this legislation it is you’re responsibility as far as possible to ensure the health and safety and wellbeing of yourself | | | | |and other’s against preventable risks, or risks by what you do or don’t do that could have a negative effect on other’s | | | | |examples include | | | | | | | | | |Using standard precautions to prevent the spread of infection | | | | |Keeping accurate records to prevent medication errors | | | | |Keeping medicines locked away to prevent them getting into wrong hands and safe disposal of medications, | | | | | | | | | |Control of substances hazardous to health (C.O.S.H.H) regulations(1999) as amended 2002 | | | | | | | | | |These regulations apply to all hazardous substances including medicines. The regulations include the need to use standard | | | | |precautions to prevent harm, i.e. by wearing gloves and aprons to prevent infection and contamination. The (coshh) regulation | | | | |2002 is part of the health and safety legislation for protecting people from harmful substances. In the work place, medicines | | | | |can be extremely damaging to health if misused, handled or stored incorrectly. | | | | | | | | | |Hazardous waste regulations (2005) | | | | | | | | | |This regulation is about having a duty of care to dispose of hazardous waste according to government regulations, i.e. | | | | |The use of clinical waste bags | | | | |Returning any unused and or out of date medications to the pharmacy and obtaining a receipt for this and filling in relevant | | | | |documentations. | | | | | | | | | |Data protection act (1998) | | | | | | | | | |The data protection act 1998 establishes a framework of rights and duties which are made to protect personal data i.e. in | | | | |relation to medication this means observing confidentiality 0f service users medical / health records and issues including any | | | | |medications they may be taking. This act also includes the freedom of information act 2000 and access to health records 1990 the| | | | |amended act came into force on 1st march 2000. | | | | | | | | | |The mental health capacity act (2005 )( and update of deprivation of liberty safe guarding) | | | | | | | | | |This act provides a framework for acting and making decisions on behalf of someone who lakes the mental capacity to do so for | | | | |themselves. It then introduced laws to ensure that people are given every chance to make decisions for themselves, | | | | |The government has added new provisions to the act which is the deprivation of liberty safeguards, .The safeguards part focuses | | | | |on the most vulnerable people i.e. people who for their own safety and in their own best interest’s need to be accommodated | | | | |under care and treatment regimes , that may have the effect of depriving them of liberty, but who lake the capacity to consent, | | | | |this may only be done in the best interests of the individual and following strict processes and in consultation with specific | | | | |authorities’. | | | | | | | | | |The care standards act (2000) and health and social care act (2008) and (regulated activities 2009) | | | | | | | | | |The national minimum standards for registered care services were issued by the department of health as part of the start of the | | | | |care standards act 2000, and outlined the standards that care providers must meet, from 2008 the care standard act was replaced | | | | |by the health and social care act, and from1st October 2010 the c.q.c can inspect a care home to ensure that national minimum | | | | |care standards are being met including the safe storage and administration of medication, and under this regulation the | | | | |registered body / person must make arrangements for the safe administration of medicine. | | | | | | | | | |How and why policies and procedures must reflect and incorporate legislative requirements, | | | | | | | | | |It is important that policies and procedures reflect and incorporate legislative requirements by ensuring clear guidelines are | | | | |in place to promote the safety and wellbeing of service users and also the safe practices of all care staff, It is very | | | | |important to follow these policies and procedures laid down because they have been developed to ensure duties are carried out | | | | |consistently and to a high standard as expected by regulations regarding the safe handling of medications and also to comply | | | | |with all legal requirements. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Learner signature Date Assessor signature Date Witness signature Date |Links to |Performance Evidence | |Unit No. |Learning |Ass. | | | |Outcome |Criteria |Identify common types of medications and conditions for which the medications may be prescribed. | | | | | | | | | |Some common types of medication and the conditions that they may be prescribed for include :- | | | | | | | | | |Citalopram -can be prescribed for depression | | | | |Diazepam - used in treatments for anxiety,seizures,mucile spasam,insomnia etc | | | | |Lactulose - may be prescribed for constipation. | | | | |Risperidone – may be prescribed for antipsychotic | | | | |Omeprozole – can be prescribed for the treatment of dudinal ulcers, and or acid reflux | | | | |Amoxacillin - is prescribed to treat infections | | | | |Sodium valproate – is prescribed to control seizures. | | | | | | | | | |Changes to an individual’s physical or mental wellbeing that may indicate an adverse reaction to medication. | | | | | | | | | |A person may become unwell from taking medications and some common side effects and or adverse reactions include :- | | | | | | | | | |Nausea and vomiting | | | | |Diarrhea or constipation | | | | |Muscle stiffness or shaking | | | | |Headache’s | | | | |Drowsiness and dizziness | | | | |Confusion | | | | |Bleeding or bruising | | | | |Weight gain | | | | |Some people may also be allergic to a medication the most common symptoms of an allergic reaction include ;- | | | | | | | | | |Rashes | | | | |Stinging | | | | |Swelling | | | | |Breathing problems | | | | |The most severe allergy resulting in anaphylactic reaction where many body systems are affected at the same time, this is | | | | |usually rare but can be life threatening. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Describe the rolls and responsibilities of those involved in prescribing, dispensing, and supporting the use of medication. | | | | | | | | | |The prescriber, this could be registered nurse, dentist, or pharmacist qualified as an independent prescriber, however the | | | | |prescriber will usually be a general practitioner (GP) the GP’s roll is to assess the persons condition and if appropriate | | | | |prescribe suitable treatment or medication and also check that the medicine is suitable ie with no known reasons why it would be| | | | |unsuitable, for example conflict with any other medications being taken,. The prescription must be written in ink and signed by | | | | |the prescriber, it also must have the name, address and date of birth of the patient, the name of the drug plus the strength of | | | | |the drug (if more than one strength is available) the form ie tablet or cream etc .the dose ie amount to be taken and when, the | | | | |total quantity to be supplied or number of days treatment, the date and also the surgery or NHS trust center stamp with the | | | | |practice code and contact telephone number. | | | | |Dispensing is the roll and responsibility of the pharmacist who check prescriptions for accuracy and dispense POMs once they | | | | |have received a valid and authorized prescription, label the container that the medicine has been dispensed in to this should | | | | |include name and address of patient, date of supply, name and address of dispensing chemist name of medication, form of | | | | |medication, quantity, d0sage and route of administration, directions for use/ frequency of dose to be taken, and any special | | | | |instructions cautions or warnings, the wording keep out of reach of children and include a patient information leaflet with the | | | | |medicine, ensure a batch number and expiry date is on the packaging, give advice on medications, and supply devices and | | | | |containers to help people take their medications correctly. | | | | |The person supporting the use of medication, there rolls and responsibilities include ;- | | | | | | | | | |Ordering new and repeat prescriptions | | | | |Sending or taking prescriptions to the pharmacy | | | | |Taking delivery of medication and checking that the right medication has been delivered | | | | |Booking in all the medications that are kept on the premises | | | | |Administering medication according to policies and procedures | | | | |Monitoring the condition of service users following administration of medication | | | | |Report and document any changes in a service users condition | | | | |Fill in relevant documents ie mar sheets etc. | | | | | | | | | |Explain where responsibility’s lye in relation to use of “over the counter “remedies and supplements. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Over the counter medicines would never be administered without the written authority to do so by the serves users own GP. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Links to |Performance Evidence | |Unit No. |Learning |Ass. | | | |Outcome |Criteria | | | | | | | | | | |Describe the routs by which medications can be administered and different forms which medication may be presented. | | | | | | | | | |Medications come in a variety of forms and formulations and the way a medication is formulated effects the way and route it is | | | | |to be administered, along with the condition of the person to be treated ie tablets come in different coatings ie slow | | | | |release,soluble,enteric coated (this coating is used to avoid absorption in to the stomach) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Orally/swallow, most medications are administered orally and include tablets, capsules and liquid mixtures. | | | | | | | | | |Sublingually, tablets and sprays are administered under the tongue for speed of absorption. | | | | |Inhalation / breathed in e.g. via a nebulizer or inhaler (inhalers can be liquid or dry powder) liquid nebuals are used in a | | | | |nebulizer. | | | | |Injection, via a needle | | | | |Instillation administration this is administration of a suspension or liquid via the eyes ears or nose. | | | | |Rectal administration, suppository’s are prescribed for rectal administration, | | | | |Vaginal administration, medications prescribed for vaginal administration include pesseries and creams. | | | | |Topical application administration is where creams ointments or gels are applied directly to skin. | | | | |Transdermal patch administration, a patch is applied to the skin; patches can be prescribed for hormone replacement therapy | | | | |(HRT) nicotine patches pain relief, help to relieve nausea and vomiting etc. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Describe materials and equipment that can assist in administering medication. | | | | | | | | | |Materials and equipment that aid medication administration include :- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Tools to aid giving liquid medicines usually come with the medicine and could be a measured medicine pot, dosing spoon, medicine| | | | |dropper or syringe. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Tools to aid giving solid oral dose medications e.g. tablets or capsules could be a monitored dosage system MDS This is a pack | | | | |usually seven days sup[ply split in to days and times e.g. Monday to Sunday Morning midday teatime and night time. Other names | | | | |for similar packaging include medidose and dossette box. | | | | |Tools to aid someone who has to inhale or breathe in medications include nebulizers and spacers A spacer is a sealed container | | | | |that you attach the | | | | |inhaler with a face mask on the other end so you can press the inhaler and breathe through the face mask to inhale the | | | | |medication more easily. | | | | |Tools to aid people who cannot swallow include (PEG) Percutaneous endoscopic Gastronomy and( NG) Nasogastric tube administration| | | | |Soluble medications can be also given to people who have difficulty swallowing | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |How to promote the rights of the individual when managing medication | | | | | | | | | |Consent | | | | |Everyone has the right to say if they want to take medications or not and you should not force or deceive anyone in to taking | | | | |any medications unless they come under the mental health act deprivation of liberty. The service users I work with is unable to | | | | |give verbal consent but does indicate consent through body language for example we ask her verbally if she will take her | | | | |medication and she lifts her head and o[pens her mouth in response to the question. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Self-medication or active participation | | | | |It is important to help or encourage active participation because it helps build someone’s self-esteem and can give them | | | | |self-fulfillment and feel empowered | | | | | | | | | |CH as for mentioned cannot self-medicate but does participate by responding positively to verbal communication by lifting her | | | | |head and opening her mouth | | | | | | | | | |Dignity and privacy | | | | |Dignity and privacy are important to avoid any upset or distress to anyone when we go out and about with CH I always ensure I go| | | | |to a quiet place and discreetly administer CH medication | | | | | | | | | |Confidentiality | | | | |It is very important to keep medication records confidential not only because we have to follow laws such as Data Protection but| | | | |because they hold personal information and so all medication files are stored with the medication in the cupboard, to prevent | | | | |the breach of confidentiality | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Risk assessments | | | | |A Risk assessment would be put in place highlighting any possible risks to the individual and steps identified to minimize the | | | | |risk. Risk assessments can be used to enable a service user to self-medicate providing them with independence, but staff would | | | | |monitor record and use aids such as chemist monitored dosage systems | | | | |(blister packs) | | | | | | | | | |Ethical issues | | | | |To ease in the administration of medication for CH she takes her medication on a spoon with jam this is done with the permission| | | | |and full agreement of CH parents, consultant and staff team. It is written up in her care plan how medication should be | | | | |administered. | | | | | | Learner signature Date Assessor signature Date Witness signature Date ----------------------- [pic] |Evidence | | |Number |1 |