It331_Infrastructure-_Data_Conversion

Running Head: How Is Data Converted Into Signals' Data Conversion IT331 Kaplan University Abstract In an average day, what are the things we do that uses data communications and computer networks' How does data convert into signals' I will attempt to answer these questions while demonstrating my daily activities. Data Conversion What is computer networking' What is data communications' Computer networking is the communication that occurs between several devices such as computer systems or structures (see Figure 1). It involves grouping software applications and hardware which allows multiple computers in a business, organization or group to correspond between each other. Data communication involves transmitting data or messages to devices externally to a message source. It involves transporting digital or analog information with type digital or analog signal. How many things we do on a daily basis involves data communication' According to The New York Times, working, eating, resting and watching TV consumes an estimate of two-thirds of an average day for most Americans (see Figure 2). Per CrunchGear, teens spend thirty-one hours per week online alone. If we add in other devices, how many things and how much of our day uses data communication. Below is a list of items that uses data communication for one full day of activities for me: Descriptions Times IPhone 745 Alarm Meeting reminders Replied to text messages IBM Contractor (work-from-home usually logged on from 8AM – 7PM) Logged onto Windows 800 Logged onto AT&T Network Client 805 Logged onto Sametime 807 Logged onto Lotus Notes 809 Answered customers & coworkers Notes via Lotus Notes (all day thing) Check voicemail online through Unified messaging center 900 Logged into ISS intranet 912 Logged into Oracle database 913 Logged into WOS database 915 Logged into IOL (Invoices on Line) 922 Modified and verified customers’ contracts Using Oracle, WOS and IOL 930 (all day thing during work) Update domain names, ip addresses, Add services like email security, web security, etc for MSS per customers’ request 940 (all day thing during work) Logged into MessageLabs- updating domain names, ip addresses, adding services like email security, web security, etc for MSS 1000 (all day thing) Brief Conference Call talking through Sametime Instant messaging while Using Net meeting (connecting to Coworkers desktop by using ip Address) 1100 – 1130 Checked txt messages on IPHONE 1131 Prepared Termination Notification Documents for almost expired Customer contracts for ISS Renewal Sales Reps in US and Canada 1230 – on and off throughout day Viewed Caller ID scrolling across TV provided by Direct TV 1242 Community Tested Storm Alert- Sirens went off (very loud) 1250 (for est. 10 seconds) Team conference call using Raindance NetMeeting and Telephone 130 – 230 Text messaging 430 Logged into ONYX to verify Customers’ addresses for Termination Notifications 445 Prepared shipments for tomorrow to Send out Termination letters by Logging onto UPS IBM Campus Shipments 500 Updated Renewals Excel Spread sheet with Today’s Accounts updates 615 Trying to finish paper for IT331 730 Kaplan Seminar for IT430 800 Continue to finish paper for IT331 900 As you can see, my day may not be considered as a typical American’s day. Technology consumes a large portion of my day. An Explanation of Data Conversion What are data codes' How does data convert into signals' Data codes are textual data that is transmitted linking a receiver and a transmitter. The sequence of information is distinctively symbolized by a binary outline. This data, as well as signals, can be digital or analog. Data that is analog and digital data are converted into signals differently. There are four major combinations of conversions which are; Digital data conversion using digital signals, Digital data conversion using analog signals, Analog data conversion using digital signals and Analog data conversion using analog signals. Analog data (examples - voices, the reading of temperatures, and images) continuously takes on an infinite number of values within a range verses digital takes on only a limited number of isolated values. Usually data is encoded into an electromagnetic or electrical signal. The old telephone system is a good example of analog data being transmitted with analog signals. The repetitive patterned of sound waves are broadcasted through wires. Then the wires transmit these sound waves into the receiver of the telephone. The sound waves are transmitted back and forth to each party’s receiver until the conversation is completed. To break this down even further, when I use the telephone from my home, it is connected to a telephone box which transmits the sound waves through telephone poles. Then the telephone poles are connected to a local exchange. Other homes and public pay phones booths are connected to this local exchange as well within my community. When I use my cell phone, the sound waves are transmitted through cell phone towers and it goes to a mobile exchange. Next from the local and mobile exchange, calls are routed to a main exchange like AT&T. Some main exchange, depending on the company and where the call is going, routes the information to another main exchange (like Suncom to AT&T) or an international exchange. International calls are transmitted by a satellite system or by cables under the sea (see Figure 3). Conclusion Today’s technology such as SmartPhones, computers, game systems, mp3 players, cell phones and other devices all uses some type of data communication networking system. Data communications consume a major portion of our day. Without computer networking and data communications, we would not be as advance in the field of technology. References Brain, M. (1998). How Telephones Work. Retrieved from Howstuffworks: http://communication.howstuffworks.com/telephone.htm/printable Ritholtz, B. (2009, August 2). How Do you Spend Your Day ' (Time Analysis). Retrieved from New York Times: http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2009/08/how-do-you-spend-your-day Uknown Arthur. (2006). Computer networking,Wireless Router Network Diagram, Hardwired & Wireless (WI-FI) Network . Retrieved from OLX Bangalore: http://bangalore.olx.in/computer-networking-wireless-router-network-diagram-hardwired-wireless-wi-fi-network-iid-17217631 White, C. (2009). Data Communications and Computer Networks; A Business User's Approach; Fifth Edition. Massachusetts: Course Technology. Figure Captions Figure 1. [pic] Figure 2. Figure 3. [pic]