Hca_220_Appendix_F

Axia College Material Appendix F Identifying Anatomical Structures Ch. 3, 4, & 5 Complete activities I, II, & III. I. Use the diagrams on pp. 103-104 to complete sections A, B, & C. A. C. 1 Oral cavity 1 Liver 2 Teeth 2 Duodenum 3 Tongue 3 Ascending colon 4 Sublingual gland 4 Cecum 5 Submandibular gland 5 Appendix 6 Paratoid gland 6 Rectum 7 Pharynx 7 Anus 8 Esophagus 8 Transverse colon B. 9 Decending colon 1 Esophagus 10 Sigmoid colon 2 Cardiac sphincter 11 Ileum 3 Fundus 12 Stomach 4 Body of stomach 13 Spleen 5 Pylorus 14 Jejunum 6 Pylorus sphincter 7 Pancreas 8 Duodenum 9 Omentum 10 Antrum 11 Rugue 12 Cardia Determine the primary function of the following system components. Structure Function- What is the purpose of the body part' 1 Tongue Large muscle that fills the oral cavity and assists with eating and talking. It contains taste buds and receptors for the sense of taste. 2 Submandibular gland Three pairs of glands that produce and release saliva. 3 Rugae Deep folds in the gastric mucosa that expand or contract to accommodate varying amounts of food. 4 Cardiac sphincter Muscular ring in the esophagus that keeps food in the stomach from going back into the esophagus. 5 Duodenum First part of the small intestine. It secretes cholecystokinin, a hormone that stimulates the gallbladder and pancreas to release bile and digestive enzymes. 6 Omentum Broad, fatty pouch of peritoneum that supports the stomach and hangs down over the small intestine to protect and cushion it. 7 Liver Largest organ in the body. It produces bile. 8 Pharynx Throat. It is a passageway for food and for inhaled and exhaled air. II. Use the diagrams on p. 166 to complete sections A & B. A. B. 1 Nasal cavity 1 Bronchiole 2 Pharynx 2 Cluster of alveoi 3 Larynx 3 Carbon dioxide 4 Apex of lung 4 Oxygen 5 Rib 5 Capillary 6 Bronchus 6 Red blood cells 7 Sternum 8 Base of lung 9 Trachea 10 Cluster of alveoi 11 Bronchioles 12 Diaphragm Determine the primary function of the following system components. Structure Function- What is the purpose of the body part' 1 Cluster of alveoli The alveoli is where the oxygen is exchanged in the blood. 2 Bronchioles Small tubular air passageway that braches off the bronchus. It carries inhaled and exhaled air to and from the alveoli. 3 Oxygen Inhaled gas that is used by each cell to produce energy in the process of metabolism. 4 Trachea Rigid tubular air passageway between the larynx and the bronchi. It carries inhaled and exhaled air to and from the bronchi. 5 Larynx Structure that contains the vocal cords and is a passageway for inhaled and exhaled air. Also known as the voice box. 6 Carbon dioxide Exhaled gas that is a waste product of cellular metabolism. 7 Red blood cell A major function of the red blood cells is to carry oxygen to all the tissues from the lungs. The red blood cells then transport the carbon dioxide from the cells for the purpose of breaking down nutrients. 8 Mainstem bronchus To deliver oxygen to the right & left lungs so that gas exchange can occur. 9 Diaphragm Muscular sheet that divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. 10 Capillary Smallest blood vessel in the body. It carries the arterioles to the venules. III. Use the diagrams on pp. 224-225 to complete sections A, B, & C. A. C. 1 Aorta 1 Aortic arch 2 Superior vena cava 2 Ascending aorta 3 Pulmonary valve 3 Thoracic aorta 4 Right atrium 4 Brachial artery 5 Tricuspid valve 5 Radial artery 6 Inferior vena cava 6 Ulnar artery 7 Right ventricle 7 Peroneal artery 8 Apex 8 Posterior tibial artery 9 Interventricular septum 9 Posterior tibial artery 10 Left ventricle 10 Popliteal artery 11 Chordae tendinae 11 Femoral artery 12 Aortic valve 12 External iliac artery 13 Mitral valve 13 Internal iliac artery 14 Left atrium 14 Common iliac artery 15 Pulmonary artery 15 Abdominal aorta B. 16 Renal artery 1 Atrioventricular node 17 Coronary artery 2 Sinoatyrial node 18 Axillary artery 3 Bundle of His 19 Subclavian artery 4 Bundle branches 20 Common carotid artery 5 Purkinje fibers 21 Internal carotid artery Determine the primary function of the following system components. Structure Function- What is the purpose of the body part' 1 Brachial artery Major artery that carries blood to the upper arm. 2 Radial artery Major artery that carries blood to the lower arm along the side of the thumb. 3 Sinoatrial (SA) node Dictates the heart rate at 70 to 80 beats per minute when the body is at rest. It originates the electrical impulse for the entire conduction system of the heart. 4 Aorta Largest artery in the body. It receives blood from the left ventricle of the heart. 5 Pulmonary valve Heart valve located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. 6 Chordae tendinae Ropelike strands that support the tricuspid and mitral valves and keep the leaflets tightly closed when the ventricles are contracting. 7 Atrioventricular (AV) node Small know of tissue located between the right atrium and right ventricle. Receives electrical impulses from the SA node. 8 Left ventricle Receives blood from the left atrium and pumps it to the aorta. 9 Right ventricle Receives blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the main pulmonary artery. 10 Inferior vena cava The inferior vena cava is one of the two main veins bringing de-oxygenated blood from the body to the heart.