Appendix_F

Axia College Material Appendix F Hispanic American Diversity Part I “The group label Hispanic or Latino American links a diverse population that shares a common language heritage but otherwise has many significant differences” (Shaefer, 2006, p.235). Complete the following chart for Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and two additional groups of your choice from Chapter 9 of the text. Some of your explanations will be quite short, but some will be lengthy. Complete the chart thoroughly. The “Political” section for Mexican Americans has been completed, as an example for you, with information from the text book. Be sure to change “3rd group” and “4th group” to the groups you have chosen. | Mexican Americans | Puerto Ricans | Latino | Cuban | Linguistic | Spanish, Hispanics 23 percent of Mexican Americans are English dominant, 26 percentare bilingual, and 51 percent are Spanish dominant | Puerto Ricans in the UnitedStates tend to be more English-language oriented, with 39 percent English-dominant,40 percent bilingual, and 21 percent Spanish dominant. | LatinosLatin Spanish and PortugueseItalian | Cuban immigrants do not feel that they need to forget Spanishwhile establishing fluency in English, the way other immigrant children have shunnedtheir linguistic past. | Political | Mexican Americans usually associate with the Democratic Party, although this group has become more independent lately, forming a party called La Raza Unida. | The PDP is one of three major registered parties in Puerto Rico, along with the New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico (NPP), which favors U.S. statehood, and the Puerto Rican Independence Party (PIP)[, which favors complete independence | Latinos are significantly and considerably more likely to identify themselves as Republican versus Democrats | A powerfulforce in politics in Miami is the Cuban-American National Foundation, whichtakes a strong anti-Castro position. They have actively opposed any proposals that theUnited States develop a more flexible policy toward Cuba. | Social | Hispanics have moved away from their traditional areas of settlement.Many Mexican Americans have left the Southwest. Today, 25 million,or two-thirds of Hispanics in the United States, are Mexican Americans. | 88 percent of Puerto Ricansresiding in the United Stateslived in New York City, but by the 2000 Census the proportion had dropped to lessthan a third | Latinos do not live in rural areas. They are generally urban dwellers: 91 percentlive in metropolitan areas, in contrast to 78 percent of non-Hispanic Whites | The1960 Census showed that 79,000 people who had been born in Cuba lived in the UnitedStates. By 2000, more than 1.4 million people of Cuban birth or descent lived inthe United States. | Economic | In U.S. states where Mexican Americans make up a significant percentage of the population, such as California and Texas, Mexican Americans almost exclusively occupy most blue-collar occupations, such as restaurant workers, janitors, truck drivers, gardeners, construction laborers, material moving workers, and other manual laborMexican workers have usually met those demands for cheap labor | Recently the economy has suffered budget cuts from U.S. The Puerto Rican economy has depended heavily on the tax incentives given to U.S. mainland companies and on federal transfers. Puerto Rico has very few natural resources of economic value and its economy relies mainly on Federal Aid from the United States Government, which depends on the industrialization programs and the tax incentives that U.S. offers. | household income of Latinos has gradually increased over the last 20 years, with somefluctuations. Latino household can expect to earn 70 cents onthe dollar received by its White counterpart. | Percentage unemployed 5.8Percentage living below poverty level 16.7family income$39,432 | Religious | The religious experience of Mexican-Americans as a whole, however, has changed so much more than traditional Catholicism, that the religious experience of a European-heritage Catholic is much different than that of a Mexican-American Catholic. This has primarily to do with how Mexican-Americans hold their religious experience to be a very personal thing, and how as a result they feel free to change the experience to suit their desires. | Roman Catholicism is the primary religion of each group, there also exists in each ethnic group a variety of religious beliefs | Hispanic Religion has been a phrase that equates to Roman Catholic faith among most Hispanics Words like “ojalá” or “si Dios quire” meaning “if God wills,” and “bendito sea Dios” meaning “praise the Lord” are abundant in our everyday language | Cuba is traditionally a Catholic country. In some instances Catholicism is much modified and influenced through syncretism | Familial | Mexican Americans, Puerto Rican Americans, Cuban Americans, and Dominican Americans each have a distinct cultural identity--rich in familial ties, but each has been grouped in the Hispanic American category on the basis of language | Puerto Ricans have made the most impact on their homeland in the economic realm | close-knit familytiesforeign-born Latinos, with91 percent wanting their unmarried childrenat home.Young Latinas are expected to help theirfamily succeed through child care andhousekeeping chores. Latino family values and ideals, their self-identification along ethnic lines, and their overall trust of politicians and view of politicians’ concern for Latinos | All Cuban immigrants have had much to adjust to, and they have not been able toimmediately establish the kind of life they sought. Women who typically did not work outside the home oftenhad to seek employment. Immigrant parents found their children being exposed to aforeign culture. All the challenges typically faced by immigrant households were complicatedby uncertainty surrounding those they left behind in Cuba. | Part II Many people think that all Hispanic people are the same. There are many differences in the culture. Many Hispanic groups have commonalities and then there are some that are completely different. A summary of my focus group labeled Hispanic Americans links social, linguistic, political, economic, religious, and familial status of the Mexican American, Puerto Rican American, Cuban American and Latino American ethnic groups. Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, and Latino Americans all have very much in common, yet remain a separate ethnic group, and are descended from various ancestors. Many of the groups came to the United States for a better life, and economic status but soon after became immigrate to the United States in search of the American dream. Years ago, Americans was not initially accepting of immigrants once they arrived to the United States, but many Hispanic groups have successfully been able to path the way for their feature. All though; Language and culture are almost inseparable, Mexican Americans are diverse people who have gain respect among Americans and are known as hard working blue collar and good neighbors. Most are in pursuit of the American Dream and working hard to escape poverty and become legal status in the United States. Mexican Americans, Puerto Rican Americans, Cuban Americans, and Latino Americans each have a distinct cultural identity. They are very rich in familial ties, and been grouped in the Hispanic American category on the basis of language. All though these groups share the Spanish language, each group has a different origin and dialect and do not all like to be labeled as Mexicans. Each one of these groups has endured many treacherous paths to find freedom and rights to be who they are, and want to be in the U.S. Mexican Americans have made great strides in equality in the U.S. Education better jobs and health benefits have all became part of the movement they once sought out for. Most Hispanic Americans identify with other minority groups easier than with other Hispanics and have different views on politics. Cuban Americans, especially in the Miami area have a huge impact with the votes for the Republican Party. The future of Hispanics is not only promising but also growing. In the year 2050 if current trends remain the same with immigrants and birth of Hispanic babies on the raise, I predict the future for the Hispanic culture to change dramatically in the year of 2050. The Hispanic culture will no longer be a minority group but instead a dominate group. The Latino population is already the world’s largest minority group in America. It will triple in size and account for most of the nation’s population growth from 2011 through 2050. U.S.-born descendants will play the most significant role.