Apartheid

1930 * Huge British Empire before WWI * Canada was part of British Empire (1867 free) * 1939 * After WWII became independent, African countries HISTORICAL CONTEXT NATURE OF THE APARTHIED (NELSON MANDELA) NATIONAL PARTY * Before 1948, failed to make a real Afrikaner government. * The Nationalists won the general election May 1948 * Majority over United Party (Jan Smits) * Dr Daniel Malan became prime minister * Appointed a cabinet made up of Afrikaners. * Nationalists promised to bring in the apartheid. * Plans in Sauer Report: * Blacks would live in reserves, completely separate from whites. Jobs in white areas would be classed as visitors * Colored people lived separately and would lose their political rights * Indians sent back to India * Whites would rule, blacks in “control”. RISE OF THE AFRIKANERS * Afrikaners formed majority of whites in SA * They were individualists / no sense of unity as a people * After 1902, defeated in the SA war, deaths of family led to forging of an Afrikaner identity * The chose and racial superiority was common with the Nazi government in Germany. * Some Afrikaners supporters of Nazis (Dr Verwoerd & John Vorster, former Prime ministers of SW) * 1938 celebrated centenary of the Battle of Blood River. WHITE GRIEVANCES * Afrikaners felt un easy after WWII * Economy was in difficulties. Jobs were scarce * Black wages went up by 1/5 of white wages to a quarter. * White farmers resented policy of keeping food prices low * Resented flood of black workers in cities * Farmers wanted cheap black labor * Shocked at black protests and strikes * Hates and feared black resistance