Alternativae_Dispute_Resolution

Assignment #14 Chapter 14 – Europe and America 1900 – 1945 Part 1 Look at images 14-8 (Les Demoiselles d’Avignon) and 14-9 (Still Life with Chair-Caning) (a) To what extent do these two art pieces borrow from traditions that are beyond the European tradition' 14-8 opened the door to a radically new method in representing form in space. Instead of using normal figures in paintings Picasso used abstract figures that were fractured and jagged. The figures in 14-8 are inconsistent purposely. African and ancient Iberian sculpture and the late paintings of Cezanne influenced this pivotal work with which Picasso opened the door to a new style of art. The work has primitive characters and strays away from European and Western art. The vague color and the nudity of the figures are far different from the European art. Picasso believed that this new style was magical. In 14-9, Synthetic cubism has cut outs from paper and drawings from objects to represent parts of a subject. 14-9 a Still Life piece in which the artist imprinted photo lithographed pattern of a cane chair seat. It was a collage that includes a piece of Rope that challenges the viewer understanding of reality. (b) Compare how the media and design qualities of these two works break with the traditions of painting' The two design qualities are very different from European art. In 14-8 the traditional concept of an orderly, constructed, and unified the pictorial space. Picasso painted forms as he thought them not as he saw them. In 14-9 it challenged the viewers understanding of reality. The replicated chair seems so real that one would expect the holes to break any brush stroke. The chair is only an illusion of a real object. The design of a collage glued to a surface broke tradition also. Cubism and collage focused on the innovations in an artistic form that they represented. The public saw Cubism as a challenge to artistic convention and tradition as an attack on the 20th century society. Many critics in the French press consistently equated Cubism with anarchism, revolution, and disdain for tradition. Part 2 Short Answer 1. What did Freud argue in his book The Interpretation of Dreams' Freud argued that the unconscious controls human behavior 2. What did the artist Kandinsky articulate in his treatise Concerning the Spiritual in Art' He wanted to articulate his ideas in an influential 1912 treatise. He believed he must express the spirit and innermost feelings with color, line, form, and space. 3. Briefly describe how the Woman with Dead child by Kollwitz is Expressionist. It derived from a Christian Pieta but transformed it into a universal statement of maternal loss and grief. She disavowed the reverence and grace that pervaded most Christian depiction of Mary holding the dead Christ and replaced those attributes with an animalistic passion. The primal nature of the image is keeping with the aims of the expressionist. 4. Concisely describe the impact of Cubism on Western art. Braque and Picasso formulated Cubism around 1908. Cubism represented a radical turning point in the history of art, none the less a dismissal of the pictorial illusionism that had dominated Western art since the Renaissance. They rejected naturalistic depictions preferring shapes and forms. 5. Characterize Dada. Dada was an artistic and literary movement, an insane spectacle of collective homicide. They believed that reason and logic had been responsible for the unmitigated disaster of global warfare, and they concluded that the only route to salvation was through political anarchy, the irrational and the intuitive. It was an element of absurdity which is a cornerstone of Dada. 6. What art movements espoused utopian notions' Suprematism in Russia, de stijil in Holland, and Bauhuas in Germany. 7. What was Neoplasticism and who defined it' Pure Plastic art and the Mondrian defined it. 8. Name two government programs that supported artists during the Great Depression of the 1930s. The Treasury Relief Art Project founded in 1934 to commission art for federal buildings and Works Progress Administration founded in 1935 paid artists a regular wage in exchange for work in their profession.