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Purpose: This challenge is to show scholars what density is and how it is applied to present life surroundings (i.e. Which things on earth are more dense or less dense). Materials: • Aprons • A 50 mL beaker • Two 400 mL beakers • A test tube • Test tube holder • Red, green, and blue food coloring • Sugar • Water (from sink) • Three pipettes • Glass stirrer • Paper towels • Agent Orange cleaner Procedure: 1. Pour 20 mL of sugar into 50 mL beaker. 2. Pour 10 mL of water into the beaker with sugar. Stir thoroughly with glass stirrer. 3. Add 3 drops of red food coloring into the sugar water. Stir Thoroughly. 4. With a pipette, collect the orange-colored solution until pipette is full. Deposit solution into test tube. Repeat collection process 3 more times. 5. Pour 50 mL of water into 400 mL beaker. 6. Pour 50 mL of sugar into same 400 mL beaker. Stir thoroughly with glass stirrer. 7. Add 12 drops of green food coloring into the sugar water consisted in the 400 mL beaker. Stir Thoroughly. 8. With another, clean pipette, collect the green solution until pipette is full. Deposit solution into the same test tube. Repeat collection 3 more times. 9. Pour 50 mL of water into the other 400 mL beaker. 10. Add 2 drops of blue food coloring. Stir Thoroughly. 11. With final remaining pipette, collect blue solution until pipette is full. Deposit solution into the test tube holding the 2 previous colors. Repeat collection process 3 more times. 12. Your Density Challenge is complete. Go see Mr. Schnell and show him your creation. 13. After your presentation, rinse out your beakers, test tube, and stirrer. Dry the rinsed-out materials and place them neatly into their respected storage (glassware= glassware drawer, aprons= apron drawer, other materials= non-glassware drawer). 14. Wash hands with efficiency (of killing germs, rinsing off any chemicals) Picture: Conclusion: After the lab was finished, the group accomplished to put density layers stacked on top of each other in a test tube from least dense on top to most dense on bottom. We also accomplished creating procedures for accurate reenactment of the challenge and its results. From the lab we learned what density is and how it is applied/seen in the real world (which things are more dense or less). We figured out that things with more solute than solvent tend to be more dense, that things with an equal amount of both are the next densest and things with more solvent, the least. However, before we got to such knowledge, we came across many problems in trying to make the experiment work. One of them was trying to create a distinct color stack in which each layer could reveal an obvious difference. Such was caused by errors in measurements, but thankfully the problem was resolved. If there was another chance to do this lab over, our team would probably use, instead of 400 mL beakers for the blue and green solution additions to the test tube, 150 mL beakers just to make sure measurements are more accurate. Questions: 1. Which layer was most dense and why' The bottom layer since it had more solute (sugar) than water. 2. Illustration showing density in each layer at molecular level' 3. What is wrong with this statement: "2 objects of the same size should have same mass." Give an example, outside the lab that prove statement false. Example for rebuke: A card board box and boulder are the same size but the box is hollow whereas the boulder is not as it may have water, dirt, or even an element included. 4. Describe in detail how to calculate density of one the layers from your test tube. 1st: Measure circumference of test tube. 2nd: Divide circumference as follows to get diameter>> Circumference / TT = Diameter 3rd: Divide Diameter in half to get radius>> Diameter / 2 = Radius 4th: Do the following to find test tube volume>> Radius ^ 2 x TT x Height = Volume 5th: Measure test tube's mass 6th: Do the following to find tube density>> Mass / Volume = Density 7th: Divide to find one layer>> *Density / 9 *Since three layers only took up 1/3 of tube, each layer is 1/9th of the tube's density.[pic] ----------------------- Lighter green (from blue food coloring) Darker green (from green food coloring) Orange (from red food coloring) 20 mL of sugar, 10 mL of water, 3 drops: red food coloring 50 mL: water, 50 mL: sugar, 10 drops: green food coloring 50 mL of water, 2 drops: blue food coloring Legend: = Water = Sugar