Fluid_And_Electrolytes

Fluid And Electrolytes FLUID AND ELECTROLYTES Necessary for health Amounts in body must be maintained in normal range Balance most important to maintain homeostasis Proportion of body fluids Fluid is 67 % of adult male weight With certain disease, excess or deficits may occur Newborn 75 % of body weight is water, at risk fluid deficit Distribution of body water/ Fluid Compartments Intra-cellular, ICF- 2/3 to ¾ of total body water, within the cells Extracellular, ECF- 1/3 to ¼, outside of cells in two compartments Intravascular – plasma Interstitial, fluids surrounding cells, including lymph Extracellular is transport system for nutrients and waste products to and from cells Interstitial: fluid surrounding cells Other body fluids secreted include saliva, bile, gastric, pancreatic, enteric Excretions: waste produced by body Most fluids reabsorbed, not excreted. Body Electrolytes ECF and ICF contain electrolytes in varying proportions. Electrolytes are positive or negative charged ions. NaCl separates to Na+Cl Electrolytes conduct electricity Positive ions—cations (Na, Mg, K, Ca) Negative ions –anions (Cl, HCO3) ECF – mostly Na, Cl ICF – K, HPO4 Electrolytes must be maintained in proportion to the quantities of fluids in the compartments. Functions of electrolytes Sodium, most abundant ECF, water balance, muscle contraction, nerve impulses Water goes where sodium goes Food source: salt Regulation: by kidneys Potassium—Most abundant ICF, regulates muscle contraction and excitability, helps maintain pH of body Food source: fruits (bananas, oj), vegetables Regulated by kidneys. body, electrolytes, fluid, fluids, –, sodium, icf, handout, ecf, cells, water, ph, ions, food, cc, transport, regulation, output, na, kidneys, compartments, waste, volume, system, surrounding, source, regulated, ratio, potassium, positive, per, osmosis, nerve, negative, nacl, must