DNA_Big_Topics

DNA Big Topics (DNA, Chromosomes) and Cell Cycle Chapters (16) and 17: Chapter 16: Genome consists of DNA that contains one complete copy of all the genetic information of that organism (eukaryotic cells have a nuclear genome (multiple DNA molecules dispersed among haploid or diploid set of chromosomes,) mitochondrial genome (single, usually circular DNA molecules resembling those of bacteria,) and in the case of plants and algae, a chloroplast genome (same as mitochondrial.) Bacterial genome consists of one circular (ds) DNA molecule (a chromosome) in the nucleoid as well as circular plasmid DNA that carry genes for cellular replication and other functions Genome size is expressed as the number of base pairs (bp)… (or Kb, Mb, and Gb) Genome size increases with the complexity of the organism: viruses: contain enough nucleic acid to code for a dozen or so proteins, bacteria can code for a few thousand, and eukaryotic cells – hundreds of thousands of proteins. (there are exceptions to this rule within the eukaryotes, though.) How large is the human genome' About 3.2 billion bases (about 1000x more DNA than E. coli) of which 90% was sequenced by 2001 and 100% is expected by 2003! Approx. what percent of the human genome codes for something functional' 1-2% Chapter dna, cells, cancer, genes, sequence, growth, proteins, mutations, human, genome, cycles, viruses, polymerase, oncogenes, few, complementary, cell, two, tumor, triggers, transcription, taq, pcr, gene, g1, fingerprinting, factors, cycle, cause, bind, alteration, in, µg, viral, tissues, through