Collectivization

Collectivization Collectivization Collectivization policy adopted by the Soviet government, pursued most intensively between 1929 and 1933, to transform traditional agriculture in the Soviet Union and to reduce the economic power of the kulaks. Kulaks was the label give to prosperous peasants. Under collectivization the peasantry were forced to give up their individual farms and join large collective farms or kolkhozy. The process was ultimately undertaken in conjunction with the campaign to industrialize the Soviet Union rapidly. But before the drive began, long and bitter debates over the nature and pace of collectivization went on among the Soviet leaders, especially between Stalin and Trotsky, 1925-27, and between Stalin and Nikolay Bukharin, 1927-29. Some Soviet leaders considered collective farms a socialist form of land tenure and therefore desirable; but they advocated a gradual transition to them in order to avoid disrupting the agricultural productivity necessary to stimulate industrial growth. Other leaders favoured rapid industrialization and, consequently, wanted immediate, forced collectivization; they argued not only that the large kolkhozy could use heavy machinery more efficiently and produce larger crops than could numerous small, individual farms but that they could be controlled more effectively by the state. As a result, they could be forced to sell soviet, collectivization, percent, peasants, kolkhozy, forced, farms, 1930, union, state, stalin, peasantry, march, large, government, collective, between, 1929, proportion, process, power, peasant, party, pace, leaders, kulaks, join, industrial, households, heavy, countryside, collectivized, capital, been, agriculture, agricultural, 1933, upon, transform, southwestern, region, prison, one-half, necessary, millions, major, machinery, larger, land, individual, great