Anti-piracy efforts in the United States

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Anti-piracy efforts in the United States，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了美国的反盗版行动。知识产权是关系到美国经济实力的重大问题。在美国，盗版被视为一种有组织犯罪行为，政府严刑重典予以打击。2003年10月，FBI和亚特兰大市警察局合作，关闭了被称为美国东南部最大的音乐CD造假和盗版中心，逮捕六名嫌犯，查获300万张非法CD。在有力的打击之下，美国的盗版制品只占市场销售总量的5%。

Intellectual property is an important issue concerning the economic strength of the United States. The 2006 presidential economic report said American intellectual property accounted for more than half of exports and 40 percent of economic growth. The fbi says American companies lose more than $250 billion a year from intellectual property violations.

In the United States, piracy is considered an organized crime, and the government cracks down on it with stiff penalties. The family entertainment and Copyright Act of 2005, signed by President bush, made it a federal felony to film with a portable camera in a movie theater. Shops that sell pirated goods can be jailed for up to five years and fined heavily enough to bankrupt them.

In October 2003, the FBI teamed up with the Atlanta city police department to shut down what it called the largest music CD counterfeiting and piracy center in the southeastern United States, arresting six suspects and seizing 3 million illegal CDS. Under the powerful crackdown, pirated goods in the United States account for only 5 percent of total market sales.

Despite severe penalties, the domestic film and music industry still faces serious problems in protecting intellectual property. In recent years, the network file sharing software based on the new generation of P2P technology represented by BT constitutes the biggest challenge of intellectual property protection. Internet piracy accounted for $2.3 billion of the $6.1 billion in piracy losses reported by the motion picture association of America in 2005. By country, although the bulk of piracy losses come from abroad, domestic piracy costs the United States the most, at $1.3 billion, higher than second-place Mexico and much-criticized China. This should also be an old saying "a thief in the house is never sure". Previous mpaa surveys have not taken Internet piracy into account. The survey found that the majority of movie piracy in the United States comes from college students, who are facilitated by 24-hour high-speed broadband access and the widespread use of P2P technology.

Faced with this problem, in addition to educating people to comply with relevant legal knowledge and informing them of the serious consequences of violating intellectual property laws, the mpaa has also filed lawsuits against the service providers providing P2P downloading software and those websites providing download convenience. With strong legal support, as stated in the home entertainment and Copyright Act using file exchange diffusion in the network the movie has not yet been made public, software or music file could face three years in prison, the motion picture association of America made a series of achievement, an agreement was reached and BitTorrent, make it agreed to remove with the film in its own search engine related links, shut down a number of P2P web sites, such as Suprnova, LokiTorrent etc., and a few traditional P2P software companies, such as eDonkey and LimeWire warned.

The recording industry association of America began using lawsuits to protect Copyrights even earlier. In December 1999, the RIAA sued P2P pioneer music and its namesake website Napster for violating copyright laws. In February 2001, Napster lost the case, had to delete a large number of music files related to copyright issues, and soon declared bankruptcy. Starting in 2003, the RIAA began to Sue not only websites and P2P software providers, but also many individuals who illegally downloaded music using the technology. In April 2005 the RIAA filed a copyright infringement lawsuit against 405 students at 18 universities. Together with the motion picture association of America, the RIAA wrote to 40 universities asking them to control the use of illegally Shared files on their networks. So far, the RIAA has sued nearly 10,000 people in the us, many of whom have settled with the association, paying damages ranging from $2,500 to $7,500.

The lawsuits by the motion picture association of America and the recording industry association do reduce illegal downloading, but they are also controversial. Critics say they do so on behalf of big studios and record labels, deliberately driving up and fixing the prices of music and film discs, thereby preventing consumers from getting cheap digital discs. Many famous musicians also object to this, arguing that record companies make too much money. IT professionals also believe that film and record companies should view the development of new technologies such as P2P correctly and make effective use of them instead of suppressing them. After all, the development of new technologies cannot be stopped. In 2003 a federal appeals court in Washington ruled that verizon, a telecoms giant, did not have to disclose the identity of suspected users of music to the recording industry unless the association was authorised to do so. The U.S. entertainment industry's fight against piracy appears to have a long way to go.

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