Corporate collaborative innovation

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Corporate collaborative innovation，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了企业协同创新。企业协同创新，指的是企业与相关主体因协同关系而组成新统一体，彼此实现资源共享，共同开展系列创新活动。在实践中，最为常见的企业协同创新的模式主要有技术创新联盟及产业战略联盟等，企业协同创新无论采用哪种模式，自始至终都是多种协同主体共同参与的结果。这个新的统一体是一个开放的系统，它的发展不仅需要系统内部的信息、物质与能量，还需要不断地注入系统外部的新鲜血液，内外兼修，方能良性循环持续发展。

As the name suggests, enterprise collaborative innovation means that enterprises and related subjects form a new unity due to the collaborative relationship, share resources with each other, and jointly carry out a series of innovative activities. In practice, the most common enterprise cooperative innovation mode are mainly production, unions, technology innovation and strategic alliance of industry, etc., from the analysis of the several common enterprise cooperative innovation mode, can see clearly that enterprise cooperative innovation either model, all along is the result of a variety of main body participation together. This new unity is an open system. Its development requires not only the information, material and energy inside the system, but also the continuous injection of fresh blood outside the system.

The main bodies of collaborative innovation of enterprises are as follows: government, enterprises, universities and research institutes, and various intermediary institutions. Without their participation, collaborative innovation is a sham and cannot succeed without their combined efforts. In this process, the four collaborative innovation subjects play different roles, but their functions complement each other and constitute an organic system. To sum up, the government is the leading force of collaborative innovation, enterprises are the core of collaborative innovation, universities and research institutes are the source of collaborative innovation, and intermediary institutions are the intermediate Bridges of collaborative innovation. The four most common collaborative innovation subjects combine together according to certain logical relations, and then they gather a strong resultant force.

The government is the leader in collaborative innovation. Government is the symbol, carrier and actual behavior of national public administration power. The government, as the administrative organ of the state, exercises its power within the constraints of the constitution and relevant laws, such as issuing administrative orders, making administrative decisions, administrative regulations and administrative punishments, and enforces enforcement with the backing of the state. In collaborative innovation activities, the government should play a leading role, which is highlighted in the following aspects:

The government is the initiator of collaborative innovation. As early as April 24, 2011, then-president hu jintao delivered an important speech at the centennial celebration of tsinghua university, clearly putting forward the concept and requirements of "promoting collaborative innovation". In order to actively implement the spirit of this important speech, on May 7, 2012, the ministry of education and the ministry of finance jointly held a working meeting to officially launch the implementation of the "higher education innovation capacity enhancement plan", referred to as the "2011 plan". The important goal of the plan is to comprehensively enhance innovation capacity, and the essential requirement is to constantly deepen institutional reform. The implementation of the plan is an important measure for the country to promote collaborative innovation and development, which is conducive to deepening the breakthrough and reform of science and technology system and mechanism. Through the implementation of the "2011 plan", a number of collaborative innovation centers of different types and levels have emerged in China, which has strongly driven the development of related industries and units.

Government is the leader of collaborative innovation. In essence, collaborative innovation is a highly socialized activity, involving a wide range of social subjects such as the government, enterprises, intermediary structures and scientific research institutes. It is an efficient integration and collaboration among multiple subjects. However, the fact is that since the concept of "collaborative innovation" was proposed, the collaboration and cooperation between various actors have not always been realized naturally and automatically. The reason is that they all have different interest demands after all. Because each behavior main body pursues the interest focus deviation, urgently needs the government to come forward to try to guide and the control. Through the correct guidance and active regulation of the government, all actors can find the coincidence point and balance point in the pursuit of interests.

Governments are the drivers of collaborative innovation. By virtue of its strong administrative power, the government can issue a series of laws, regulations and policies to promote the development of collaborative innovation. For example, many provinces and cities across the country have issued documents or regulations to promote collaborative innovation to encourage and stimulate the in-depth development of collaborative innovation. Governments can also guide and promote the development of collaborative innovation through their own actions. For example, the government can exert positive influence on the implementation of collaborative innovation by adjusting preferential tax policies for relevant subjects, changing the sources and modes of government purchase and procurement, and increasing investment in collaborative innovation subjects.

The implementation of collaborative innovation mode of enterprises is naturally inseparable from the macro-guidance and regulation functions of the government on collaborative innovation. While emphasizing the dominant position of the government, we should not ignore the wrong tendency in practice.

First, the government's role in collaborative innovation is not a panacea. Public choice theory school of thought says that, as a result of the executor of the government is "economic man", also has the tendency to pursuit of self-interest maximization, easily lead to "rent", "rent-seeking" phenomenon, which contributed to the low efficiency of government operation and inefficient, so there is also a government under certain conditions the situation of the "failure".

Second, the government's dominant position should be reflected as "farsighted", rather than "micromanagement". The government shall not interfere in the legitimate and legitimate collaborative innovation activities of enterprises on the premise that they are not offside, absent or good.

Finally, in the process of leading collaborative innovation, the government should establish a cost-benefit consciousness and strengthen performance evaluation.

Enterprises are the main body of collaborative innovation and play a core role in the whole collaborative process. The dominant position of enterprises is reflected in the following three aspects:

First, enterprises are the main contributors to collaborative innovation. As collaborative innovation requires a large amount of investment in capital costs, at the present stage, when the government has insufficient financial resources or investment, it is naturally incumbent on enterprises to pursue profits. The implementation of collaborative innovation mode of enterprises needs to further strengthen its dominant position.

Second, enterprises are the main body of collaborative innovation. Enterprises, especially large enterprises, not only have abundant funds, but also have strong research strength. They have the conditions and ability to tackle key collaborative innovation projects.

Third, enterprises are the main body of transforming collaborative innovation achievements. Only when the results of collaborative innovation can be quickly and effectively transformed into real productivity can they be full of vitality. Enterprises are just an important platform to test the value and success of collaborative innovation results. Therefore, the implementation of collaborative innovation mode of enterprises needs to pay attention to a series of indicators such as the success rate of the results.

As the direct participants and investors of collaborative innovation projects, enterprises are also the direct beneficiaries of collaborative innovation. Beneficial results of collaborative innovation of enterprises, such as advanced technologies developed, can greatly improve the production efficiency of enterprises and effectively reduce the management cost of enterprises. In this way, enterprises' own competitiveness will be significantly enhanced according to Michael porter's competition strategy of leading the total cost. In specific practice, enterprises can make full use of good resources and platforms such as scientific research institutes of universities and colleges to pilot and explore the establishment of market-oriented cooperation mechanism, so as to stimulate the enthusiasm for innovation and release huge energy, which is not only beneficial to enterprises themselves but also beneficial to the society.

University scientific research institutes are the highland of talent gathering and the source of innovation for collaborative development. It has a professional talent team and research team, leading the forefront of theoretical research, to provide intellectual support for collaborative innovation development. Under the guidance of national policies and policies, scientific research institutions of universities and colleges should actively seek for collaborative development with enterprises and strive to achieve win-win cooperation. Many creative research results are often obtained by universities and research institutes with abundant talents. Due to the lack of funds or their own reasons, many excellent research results are put on the shelf. However, the advantages of enterprises are just the opposite. Although they have relatively abundant funds, they lack necessary theories and technical guidance, making it difficult to find relatively innovative projects. Therefore, the coordinated development of the two is still promising.

In the process of the implementation of enterprise cooperative innovation mode, scientific research institutes of colleges and universities and the coordinated development of the enterprise, must be good at break through the existing paradigm, completely change the past that kind of "gathering of god" the grand coalition, big platter, truly collaborative development demand oriented, strive to "gather god also together". They should focus on major collaborative innovation projects, actively integrate their own resources and enterprise resources, establish an effective collaborative development mechanism, and promote the cross integration of the two. University research institutes can also further expand the scope of the synergy with specific parties build up based on the crossover study platform for the sharing and communication, or for organizational structure and management mode innovation, such as the establishment of specialized responsible for guidance and services collaborative innovation organizations or institutions, comprehensive, system to solve and study all sorts of problems faced in the implementation process, to improve the quality of service, pay attention to the assessment, strengthen the evaluation and supervision.

At present, under the tide of rapid social changes, the emergence and emergence of intermediary agencies on a large scale is not only a manifestation of social development and progress, but also an inevitable trend and result of economic and social development. Generally speaking, academia generally believes that there are three forces in human society: market forces, government forces and "the third force" represented by intermediary organizations and non-governmental organizations. In the long course of history, people's infatuation with the market, the "invisible hand", and their recognition of the need for another hand, the "visible hand" of the government, have made a significant leap in their understanding. However, time and time again, it has been proved that not only the market can "fail" due to its own defects, but also the government can "fail". When the government does what the "market" cannot do, the "government" will do badly or even worse. Faced with the dilemma of "double failure" of market and government, the "third force" is increasingly valued by people. Now, the "third force" is playing an increasingly important role.

In collaborative innovation activities, intermediary agencies have great potential in links and fields where the first two forces cannot play a good role. There are many kinds of intermediary agencies, which play the role of bridge and bond, especially those related to science and technology. First, science and technology intermediary service agencies play a connecting role in the collaborative innovation system, which organically connects the various subjects of collaborative innovation and strengthens the understanding and communication between each other. Second, technology transfer intermediaries play an important role in the transformation of collaborative innovation achievements. One party is connected with the business community, while the other party is connected with scientific research institutes. It is an important assistant to the government in implementing science and technology strategy and coordinated development. Third, the team of technology brokers in technology intermediary service agencies is the key to improve the level of collaboration and service quality. They can provide professional experience of achievement transformation and play a positive role in the incubation, transfer and diffusion of collaborative innovation achievements.

From the above analysis, it can be seen that the implementation of collaborative innovation mode of enterprises is inseparable from the comprehensive effect of these three forces. Each of the three forces has its own advantages and forms a synergy by drawing on each other's strengths. The power of the market enables the rational allocation of resources. The power of the government can provide macro guidance and guidance to the direction and behavior of enterprises. The role of intermediary organizations can make up for some defects in the absence of market and government power. The "trinity" of the three forces forms a system to jointly escort the smooth implementation of the collaborative innovation mode of enterprises.

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