Japanese Nationalism-paper代写

本文是一篇优秀的essay范文- Japanese Nationalism，供大家赏析学习，这篇论文讨论了日本民族主义。日本民族主义，指的是关于日本的民族主义一系列的概念，内容比较宽泛。刚开始的时候，日本强调和平主义教育，重建国家，振兴和欣赏西方文化。后来日本成为了世界第二大经济实体之后，就开始拒绝美国的要求，强调国籍的优越性。随着经济的发展，国民的忧患意识也在减少，有些人甚至专注于个人主义。再到当代日本，新民族主义再次出现，新的政治家逐渐取代了老政治家，青年人具有民族优越感。

Since the Age of Shogunate, ancient Japanese political mechanism, Nationalism has imposed a great impact on Japanese history. Till now, Nationalism still exits widely in Japan’s politics. This essay contains five parts. The first part introduces the outline of Japanese Nationalism. The second part discusses the development of Japanese Nationalism. The third part points out its position in Japanese history. The fourth part analyzes the negative aspect and its devastation on Japanese society. The last part is a conclusion of the whole essay.

Introduction of Japanese Nationalism

Kokkashugi, known as Japanese Nationalism, is a perception that all Japanese unite in one nation, which advocates the cultural unity of the Japanese. (Japanese Nationalism, Wikipedia) Japanese Nationalism deep roots in the Japanese society, Japanese cultural nature, political form and historical destiny.

There are two characteristics about Japanese Nationalism. On the one hand, it shows strong sense of national interests. To some extent, Japanese Nationalism is equal to Japanese national interests. In practice, it considers Japan as one unit with the core content of Japan's national interests. On the other hand, it is accepted and deep rooted in social members’ mind. It has transformed from national willingness to personal willingness.

It lays emphasis on the power of the emperor of Japan. The authority of Japanese emperor is inviolable and unshakable. It also forms the spirit of Bushido, a kind of soldiers’ spirit, which firmly supports the dominance of Japanese emperor. The spirit of Bushido has its unique advantages of loyalty but it also shows great negative influence.

Development of Japanese Nationalism

In Meiji period from 1192 to 1867, Japan was dominated by Shogunate political mechanism and Japanese Nationalism started its initial development. In modern history of Japan, Nationalism has been greatly developed through the Russo-Japanese War, War of aggression against China and the Pacific War. Till now, it still deeply rooted in the Japanese politics and some people’s mind.

The development of Japanese can be divided into two parts. The first part is before the WWII and the second part is after WWII.

In Meiji period, nationalist ideology consisted of a combination of internal and external political theories. The Meiji government aimed to advocate national unity and patriotism. Then, it evolved through the Taishō and Shōwa periods to justify an increasingly totalitarian government and external expansionism, which provided a political and ideological foundation for the actions of the Japanese military during World War II.(Japanese Nationalism, Wikipedia)

After WWII, as the surrender of the war, there are some changes in Japanese Nationalism, which can be divided into three stages.

The first stage is from 1950 to 1970. During this stage, Japan laid emphasis on pacifism education, rebuilding of the country and rejuvenation and admiring western culture. Through the transformation on democracy after the war, Japan set up modern democracy mechanism. Civilians can engage in the decision making. Theory of pacifism has deeply born in people’s mind, which has a wide societal foundation.

The second stage is from 1970 to 1980. Japan became the second largest economic entity in the world. Japan started to reject the requirement from the United States and emphasized the superiority of nationality. Meanwhile, with the development of the economy, the national sense of hardship is reduced. Some people neglected the emotions of Nationalism and focused on individualism. The sense of national responsibilities was reduced.

The third stage is from 1980 to the contemporary Japan. New Nationalism has turned up again just like the Nationalism before WWII. The reasons for new Nationalism can be discussed in three aspects. Firstly, the population structure changed because a lot of veterans died and new politicians had gradually replaced old politicians. Secondly, young people have a sense of national superiority. Thirdly, the speed of the development of the economy has slowed down. People think it is time to take actions to stimulate the Japanese economy. Fourthly, Japan begins to involve international military affairs and join American missile system. The nuclear problem of North Korea forces Japan to make military preparations. Fourthly, some politicians deny the historical facts. With the development of China, some worries and uncertainties arouse in Japan. The force of the right wing incites the hostile emotions against China.

Significance and Importance of Japanese Nationalism

Japanese Nationalism has imposed an important impact on international politics and international relations.

On the one hand, it has strengthened national cohesion. At the beginning, Nationalism was positive in the perspective of loyalty and unity. People are united as a group, which lead to the fast development of Japan. In Japan, island and natural environment is related to the national cohesion and exclusive cognition, which stimulates the formation and inheritance of national ingrained superiority. For a long time, this sense of superiority from time to time to teach the Japanese people that Japan is a great nation in the world and Japanese are most outstanding people.

On the other hand, it leads to the concept of expanding territories. The territory is the national and the inalienable part. As early as the end of 16thCentury, the Japanese warlords, ToyotomiHideyoshi, had begun to conquer North Korea and China, attack India and try to dominate the world. The Meiji government also established the fundamental policy to expand territories, which aimed at armed invasion of Taiwan and North Korea.(Eiko Maruko Siniawer, 2008)It is no wonder that Japan invaded so many countries during WWII.

Destructiveness of Japanese Nationalism

Destructiveness of Japanese Nationalism can be analyzed from internal and external perspective.

External destructiveness can be analyzed in two parts.

On the one hand, Nationalism and the spirit of Bushido have led to the war, which has caused great trauma on people’s mind. One distinctive concept is to expand national territory. In order to achieve this goal, Japanese armies have committed merciless crimes around the world.

One the other hand, the rise of new Nationalism hurts people’s feelings. Firstly, Japanese politicians visit Yasukuni Shrine frequently. Yasukuni Shrine is a place honoring the war criminals of WWII. This action ignores the feelings of related countries. To a large extent, it will increase the tension relationship between Japan and other countries like China and Korea. Secondly, some people try to amend pacifism clause in the constitution to expand political goal. It will destroy the pacifism again in Japan and lead to severe consequences like fight and war. Thirdly, it tries to cover, distort and beautify the history of aggression on other countries like China and Korea. New nationalists try to get rid of the shadow of vanquished country and restore the national confidence. However, it has one again hurt the feelings of other countries and set a bad example for the next generations. Fourthly, Japan has implemented harsh diplomatic policies against neighboring countries. Even, Japan will provoke territory disputes like Diaoyu Islands in China’s southern sea.

Under the leadership of Shinzo Abe, Japanese president, Japanese new Nationalism has separated Japan from the peace path, which has a severely negative impact on international diplomatic relationships.

Internal destructiveness lies in the spirit of Bushido, which paralyzes people’s mind. The dominated Bushido made soldiers commit so many crimes and kill millions of people around the world. At this point, Japanese Nationalism made people lose their minds, which had turned kind civilians to merciless killers. The damage on people’s mind is severe and has a negative impact on Japanese society. There are two fatal weaknesses of Bushido.

On the one hand, there is no absolute value of Bushido. The fetish of Bushido is the Japanese emperor. During World War II, Japanese soldiers regarded the Japanese emperor as a God. Actually, the emperor is a person who is flawed. The unconditional obedience and desperate defend of soldiers to a person of weakness or defective in moral, it is easy to become the tools of bullying power ruler. And that is why the Japanese soldiers occupied the territories of other countries and slaughtered innocent civilians with no guilt during World War II. For them, the ruler was their God. What they were doing at that time was always right in accordance with unconditional obedience to the orders from the emperor.

On the other hand, another weakness of Bushido is unable to withstand failure. Soldiers with the spirit of Bushido lack courage to face the failure. When they are unable to solve their own problems or when faced with failure, they choose to commit suicides in order to escape the problem. In the western mainstream values, suicide is a kind of coward and crime on their own. When Japan surrendered in the end of WWII, a large number of soldiers committed suicide which is a great destructiveness on Japanese society.

Conclusion

Japanese Nationalism has a long history since the Meiji period. Till now, the new Nationalism has gradually turned up. After analyzing its significance, Japanese Nationalism consists of national spirit and political guidance. However, it has great destructiveness on international community and local people. Japanese government should review Nationalism and set it in a correct place.

Reference

Japanese Nationalism.(2015). Wikipedia website.

Eiko Maruko Siniawer. (2008). Ruffians, Yakuza, Nationalists: The Violent Politics of Modern Japan, 1860-1960.

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