The saturation of society with information--论文代写范文精选

最明显的影响是提供信息质量的多元化。这提供了更多的机会,通过考虑这些知识,更好地考虑信息的分析和解构。下面的paper代写范文进行阐述。

Abstract 
Information Technology provides exactly what its name states, it is the technology of Information and hence the production, distribution and administration of information are its primary domain. The ability of Information Technology to store and maintain information allows for the easier creation and generation of new knowledge. Marx (2004) describes this compounding effect of information as the value-added model. In the value-added model, using previously created data and models, one can more easily create new data and models due to the foundations of knowledge previously created. With the rise to prominence of networks, Information Technology also provides the mechanisms for the mass communication of this information as well. 

Capurro (1989) believes that the production, storage and implementation of a society’s knowledge acts to preserve and increase its social character. Thus while this capability of Information Technology may seem innocent at first glance it has resulted in the saturation of society with information, is one of the main drivers of technological determinism and has resulted in a wholesale restructuring of social relations to reflect this primacy of information. The most obvious impact of the mass of information being offered to society is that of plurality. One is increasingly being bombarded with potentially differing information on the same topic. This presents one with the opportunity, by considering these alternative sources of knowledge, to better consider the proposed information in the light of analysis and deconstruction. 

However, if one views this situation from a Post-Modern perspective, this is not an opportunity to gain greater insight into a topic, although the possibility of doing so does indeed exist. Instead, this plurality raises the question of truth. What version of the knowledge does one consider to be the truth? They are all truths and at the same time none of them is a truth. What is the individual to believe? Capurro (1996) states that through the data administration capabilities of Information Technology (storage, distribution and manipulation) and its abilities for mass communication the hierarchical concept of knowledge is distorted and weakened. 

Information and knowledge is no longer seen as providing truths and reliable foundations but rather has become viewed as something to manipulate, a commodity to be traded, with relationships being geared to ‘maximize the generation, manipulation, dissemination and commercialization of information’ (Eischen, 2000). Due to the saturation of society with information, the nature of the discourses whereby information is exchanged has also been altered. The thoughts of the discourse tend to be shorter and more concise, and have resulted in a change in the way that society interprets meaning. These shorter discourses tend to disguise the deeper meanings and interpretations of information. Internal reflection and contemplation of this knowledge are discouraged due to the pace and momentum of current society. This results in information never being completely understood and being only partially received. Society exists in a ‘sea of signs’, being saturated with more and more information that has less and less meaning (Alvarez & Kilbourn, 2002)

As digital communication and Information Technologies advance, the spread and crossproliferation of information and knowledge presents the individual with endless possibilities as well as the potential for vastly differing but equally effective solutions to problems, socially, culturally and in the professional environment. This influence of increased choice highlights Information Technology’s role as an agent of empowerment and emancipation. Coyne (1998) maintains that ‘[t]he Internet and other computerised communications networks have the potential to free us from hierarchical structures, allow for individual expression, and expression, and enable the ultimate definition of our individual and collective humanity’. 

However, this effect has a flip-side. With the rapid pace and continual development of technology, in order to stay up to date, society cannot totally embrace or adopt specific solutions or practices, but has a need to stay continuously flexible. The individual’s lifeworld becomes increasingly relative and permeable. The saturation of society with information has the potential to create an increasingly analytical and deconstructive world-view. The human experience and even reality itself becomes data and information to be deconstructed and understood. Floridi (2002: 130-131) states that ‘[t]he physical world undergoes a process of virtualisation and distancing in which even the most essential tools, the most dramatic experiences, or the most touching feelings, from war to love, from death to sex, can be framed within virtual mediation, and hence acquire an informational aura’.

Information Technology also places a great deal of emphasis on images and makes use of representation in most of its permutations. As society has become saturated with Information Technology, the use of symbols and representations of reality are playing an increasingly central role. The concept of Representation can be considered to be the re-presentation or simulation of reality through alternative means. This primarily occurs through the use of imagery but can be achieved through text and data. Through Information Technology, virtual worlds can represent objects in a virtual space, creating entire virtual realities. Information Technology also makes extensive use of representation in its communication mechanisms. 

De Beer (1996) states that representation simplifies a topic, thought, idea or message to a picture or word. This can help to minimize complexity and allow for quicker understanding of a concept. The adage ‘A picture is worth a thousand words’ is the principle upon which representation is based. Representation is playing an increasingly important role in today’s economic processes. In an Information Society where consumerism is established, marketing campaigns seek to sell the image or concept of the product rather than the actual product itself. Organizations are also making extensive use of representation in designing their business processes. Lending from software development, the modelling of processes is increasingly playing a more significant role in organizations. 

According to Cooper (n.d.), modelling through its representation of the world and processes is ‘proving its value for understanding, monitoring and controlling’. Representation, through its blurring of the distinction between the representation and the actual physical object, creates what Berthon & Katsikeas (1998: 151-152) call hyperreality. Hyperreality is defined as the phenomenon where the representation of the artifact is conceived as being better than the real thing. This is illustrated through concepts such as increasingly real simulations and comprehensive and comprehensible virtual worlds (Nunes, 1995). This can result in the real, physical world being rejected in favour of the fantasy worlds of computer gaming or the virtual environments of the Internet. Hyperrealities in this light pose a major risk to society. Berthon & Katsikeas (1998: 151) warn that the saturation of society with hyperrealities can result in a loss of sense of authenticity, of what is real and what is not.

The hyperreal is not restricted to the avenues of pleasure and entertainment but also exists through the realities created by the saturation of society with data and information. A virtual reality, not of simulation, but of data, emerges from this sea of information. These virtual data realities have created a representation of the world in which space and time have ceased to matter, becoming merely additional considerations in the pursuit of effect.(paper代写)

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