Japan's rice policy

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- Japan's rice policy，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了日本的大米政策。大米一直是日本人民的主食，二战后日本的国民经济受到了重创，粮食的供应量逐渐减少，为了满足人民的日常需求，政府积极的出台相关政策，促进农业生产，同时制定了严格的制度。日本的大米政策不是一项单纯的农业政策，其发展和变革既囿于社会经济条件的变化，又受制于政治环境的制约，还受到国际关系的影响。

With the intensification of the integration of the world economy, the links between various countries are getting closer and closer. Whether in industry or agriculture, the developed countries have followed closely to develop their own agricultural trade protection policies.

Rice has always been the staple food of Japanese people. After World War II, Japan's national economy was severely hit, and the food supply gradually decreased. In order to meet the daily needs of the people, the government actively introduced relevant policies to promote agricultural production, and formulated strict systems.

After the World War II, the planting area of Japan expanded rapidly and the production technology improved, which improved the rice yield. By 1955, the rice planting area in Japan was up to 304.5 hectares, while the rice yield also entered a new era, jumping into the "era of tens of thousands of tons".

Due to the aging of population, change of living habits, bubble economy and the impact of rice price, people's demand for rice, the traditional staple food, has gradually decreased, and farmers have shifted from the planting structure of single staple food rice to rice for processing, rice for saving and rice for new regulations. However, due to the production instability, the game between the political party and the agricultural association, the improvement of planting technology and the change of rice production and consumption, the Japanese government carried out the reform of rice policy.

Rice is the most important staple food of Japanese people. The corn law promulgated in 1921 was the earliest rice policy and provided reference experience for the development of rice policy in the future. In order to alleviate the supply and demand of rice, Japan promulgated the food management law in 1942. The esophagus system intervenes in the production, circulation, sale and price through administrative means.

With the change of Japanese economic development situation, "food management law" and rice economic status quo gradually deviated. It strongly inhibits the interests of rice producers, circulation workers and consumers. In 1994, the Japanese government promulgated the law on the supply and price stability of major grains. The strict regulation on the circulation of rice in Japan was relaxed, and the domestic circulation and import and export management functions of rice were implemented.

Japanese rice prices hit a record low in 2000. Farmers suffered great losses, and the government began a new round of reform to adjust the production structure and price mechanism. In 2004, the government issued the "new grain law", which proposed the traceability system of rice products through bar code and abolished producer and consumer prices. In order to solve the new problems in the process of economic development, the Japanese government has formulated the "countermeasures for stabilizing the operation of paddy fields" and the "compensation system for farmers' individual income", focusing on improving farmers' economic income and expanding the scale of production and operation.

China and Japan is a typical small countries, the face the same problems in agricultural production development, Japanese rice policy reform and development as well as Japan's agricultural trade policy on our country's development and the improvement of the relationship between the Sino-Japanese trade plays a positive role and influence, has an important significance to our country.

Japan produces more of its own rice, but consumers are willing to pay more for it based on a "trust premium" or a "preference premium". There are obviously two standards of import and export in the Chinese market, and the quality of domestic rice is far behind that of exported rice. Therefore, China should attach importance to improving the quality of rice and enhancing the trust of Chinese people.

With the change of Japanese people's eating habits and the decline of rice consumption, the Japanese government guided the farmers to switch from staple rice to feed rice. In recent years, the food consumption structure of Chinese people has also changed, and the people's demand for rice is also declining, which makes the supply of staple rice far greater than the demand. Under the condition of ensuring the normal supply of staple rice, China should and encourage farmers to turn to the cultivation of feed rice.

With the increasing of foreign trade, the adjustment of agricultural trade policy should focus on strengthening the international competitiveness of China's agriculture. The Chinese government should actively learn from the relatively mature trade barrier investigation mechanism of the United States, Europe and other countries and improve China's trade barrier investigation mechanism.

First of all, China needs to establish and improve the mechanism of implementing safeguard measures. Second, we should actively respond to the safeguard measures initiated by other countries. Finally, the disputes concerning safeguard measures should be settled in a proper way.

Japan's rice policy has never been a pure agricultural policy. Its development and reform are restricted by the change of social and economic conditions, political environment and international relations. Reference and study Japanese agricultural trade policy and law, adhere to the principle of "take its essence, discard its dross". While drawing lessons from its experience, we should also draw lessons from its experience and formulate agricultural trade policies in line with China's national conditions.

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