Marxist ecological philosophy

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- Marxist ecological philosophy，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了马克思主义生态哲学。马克思主义生态哲学为改善全球生态环境尤其是生态文明建设提供了重要的理论根基与实践依据。马克思指出，人类的发展必须应将物质作为前提，人类在使用及改变自然的过程中，首先应充分尊重自然，遵循其内在规律。生态文明是先进文明的基础形态，将人类视为自然系统中不可缺少的组成部分，贯彻落实可持续性发展理念，从长足利益角度出发，推动人类之间、人与生态之间的和谐发展。

After the birth of human beings, how to properly handle the relationship between human and nature has become an unavoidable practical problem, which is the most important problem in the field of ecological philosophy. Through the scientific world outlook and its methodology, marxism carries out in-depth analysis of dialectical materialism and historical materialism from two different perspectives, and objectively reveals that man and nature are not mutually opposed, but dialectically unified. With the continuous deterioration of the natural environment, the relationship between human and nature has become increasingly tense, and the ecological crisis has become increasingly severe, seriously damaging the ecological structure and function, seriously threatening the survival of human beings and the sustainable development of society. Therefore, human should be deeply aware of the dangerous situation of the natural ecosystem, to calm in the face of social and economic development brings a series of ecological deterioration, reinterpret the marxist ecological philosophy, clarify its connotation and the essence of the relationship between human and nature, to protect the priority idea, the battle fought to protect the environment, promote the benign development of man and nature, promote the construction of ecological civilization has important practical significance.

Before the appearance of human beings, nature already existed. Compared with human beings, there is pre-existence and objectivity. Human beings are the important products of the development of nature, and they will never be separated from nature. Human beings themselves are part of the natural world and have developed together in the current environment and its environment. As natural, physical, perceptual and targeted beings, human beings, like animals and plants, are passive and controlled beings. Therefore, both from the human origin and from its development process, are products of nature. Nature is the material basis to ensure human survival and development, and its status does not change with the development of society and the improvement of human ability to change the nature. As the spirit of all things, human can never completely get rid of the unconscious dependence on nature. Marxist ecological philosophy thought, people rely on inorganic nature and life, only fully rely on the different types, different natural thing in the world can be in the form of survival and development, that is to say, the loss of natural, perceptual world lost the world and the human will lose all the creativity, to the evolution and development of human nature provides sufficient material conditions, accumulated a solid foundation of social development, therefore, should treat nature, fully respect the nature.

Laws affect the development direction and situation of things. Lenin once stressed that laws actually refer to relations, which are the most fundamental relations or the relations between fundamental attributes. The law has obvious objectivity and extensiveness, and nature also has its own internal law of development. Although human beings can give full play to their initiative and make use of their personal labor to apply and transform the natural environment in a targeted and subconscious way, they cannot break away from or cross the boundary of nature, and must fully understand and respect the objective laws of natural ecology. In the long-term practice, human beings have truly transformed the original spiritual outlook of nature, and convinced that the so-called man can conquer nature, mistaking the shallow and temporary cognition in nature for complete and eternal control, and completely ignoring the unity of nature and man. This naive idea is bound to bring extremely painful lessons. There is a close relationship between human beings and nature. The birth and development of human beings need the support of nature. Only by fully respecting the laws of nature and promoting the objective development of nature can they bring continuous benefits to human beings. The destruction of the environment to satisfy one's own temporary selfish desires will certainly pay a price and bring serious impact on future generations. Therefore, human beings should influence the nature through practical actions, be full of reverence for the nature, and properly handle the relationship between human and the nature. In addition, human beings also need to subconsciously restrain their own behavior, timely adjust the behavior that is not conducive to the natural environment, choose scientific production mode, life mode and ideology, and truly achieve eternal development.

Ecological environment is an unavoidable problem in national economic construction and social development, which is directly related to the political system. Marx maintains that the relationship between man and environment and between man and man should be scientifically and effectively recognized and correctly handled by means of dialectical materialism. According to the situation of social development, innovative system should be constructed to make people and nature coexist in harmony with each other. In order to realize the harmony between human beings and the natural environment, Marx put forward the dimension of human beings' internal practical needs and the dimension of natural system itself. From the dimension of natural system, first of all, we should admit that resources are not infinite, respect nature and its objective laws, and protect the stable operation of ecological system. Secondly, natural space is the material guarantee for human development and survival, while social development should be built on the basis of not destroying the natural environment and not crossing the bearing capacity of the natural field. Otherwise, it will backfire and bring more serious consequences. From the perspective of the internal demand of human beings, the disharmonious relationship between human beings and the environment is mainly due to the heterosexual development of private system, which leads to the stronger greed of human beings, but ignores the long-term development. For human development in the process of the legacy of all kinds of ecological problems, namely the global forest area is 0 million hectares per year on average 2 disappear, every 6 hours will be extinct in a species, each year about 6 million hectares of land degradation into desert, the human should profoundly realize that the present some behavior can cause how to future generations. Should be a complete transformation, therefore, human beings and the environment is the opposite of the traditional concept of people-centered, should give full play to their initiative, activity, and will consider the integrity of human and ecosystem, insufficiency, the differences of social system, uniqueness, more consideration on the limitations of natural, objectivity, only in this way can we truly improve the global ecological environment.

At present, China's overall economic development momentum is good, the overall strength is steadily improving, the quality of life of the masses has been significantly improved. But marxism tells modern people that they should look at everything dialectically, from both positive and negative aspects. Although the economy is high speed development of our country, at the same time on the ecological environment has caused a certain degree of damage, the ecosystem more disorder, serious soil and water loss, land desert area expands unceasingly, falling water tables, acid rain, salinization phenomenon aggravating, forest natural degradation, excessive mining of mineral resources, river interruption, lake degradation, rural poor air quality is more and more problems seriously hindered the economic and social sustainable development, already has drawn great attention of state and the related department. Aiming at these problems, human should first change ever destroyed after the rescue, protection concept after pollution, economic construction and development should not to waste resources and destroying environment, at the cost of national fundamental interests, in the long-term development in our country, if not fully pay attention to the problem such as natural resources, ecological protection, will cause economic development in cannot save difficult position, and will lead to a series of real ecological problems, therefore, must be a positive innovation, economic development mode. The world commission on environment and development officially published our common future in 1987. In the report, the concept of sustainable development was first put forward, and it was comprehensively and systematically discussed, which caused a great sensation. Under its promotion and influence, China released the white paper on resources, population, environment and construction of China in the 21st century in 1992, which really included the concept of sustainable development in the long-term plan of economic construction and social development. In 1997, the communist party of China 15 big meeting of the contemporary concept of sustainable development as our country construction must implement the development strategy, in the scientific development concept under the guidance of comrade hu jintao, the party's 17th conference to build ecological civilization has made a reasonable deployment in detail, at the same time, in the big meeting of the party's 18 again, ecological civilization relations to the happiness of the people and the country's rich and strong (powerful), on the third plenary session of the communist party of China (18 explicitly pointed out that should strengthen the system guarantee, build scientific and perfect, comprehensive, standardized system of ecological civilization. From the above decisions, it is clear that the CPC central committee has elevated ecological progress to a higher status.

Marxist ecological philosophy provides an important theoretical foundation and practical basis for improving the global ecological environment, especially the construction of ecological civilization. Marx pointed out that human development must take matter as the premise, and in the process of using and changing nature, human beings should first fully respect nature and follow its internal rules. Ecological civilization is the basic form of advanced civilization. It regards human beings as an indispensable part of the natural system, implements the concept of sustainable development, and promotes the harmonious development between humans and between humans and the ecology from the perspective of long-term interests. The main content of ecological civilization is sustainable development, take good care of the natural environment and resources, not at the expense of people's needs in the future, to achieve economic, social and environmental development, common progress. In fact, it emphasizes the harmony and unity between people and the natural environment, and between people. Therefore, the construction of ecological civilization in China is completely consistent with the core idea of marxist ecological philosophy, and is fully consistent in practice.

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