One dimensional theory

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- One dimensional theory，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了单向度理论。单向度理论是法兰克福学派的技术性理论批判的重要表述形态之一，与“启蒙辩证法”处于相同的地位。单向度理论具有人性。马尔库塞的单向度理论打破了以往以物为主要对象的理论批判性形式，将人作为理论批判的主体，充分体现了马克思主义以人为本的理念。另外，单向度理论是在当时技术进步造成的新极权主义社会的大背景下所产生的与时代发展脚步相结合的进步性理论体系，体现了与时俱进的理论原则，是对法兰克福学派的社会批判理论的新的发展。单向度理论对于当时社会和人的批判具有全面性的重要特点。

After World War II, capitalism vigorous development in various fields have made great achievements, but behind the prosperity and development of crisis, the scholar of Frankfurt school, marcuse based on western developed capitalist industrial society of alienation phenomenon, put forward the "one dimensional" special terms, profoundly reveals the human alienation state in new totalitarian society.

Marcuse to better interpret state of human alienation in developed capitalist society, has created a special term, namely "one dimensional", in one dimensional man refers to the real society lost their critical ability, no ability, creativity and imagination of the kind of people, these people do not have the ability to pursue different from the real life is another kind of new life. The prosperity of capitalism provides a hotbed for people's corruption. Under such a seemingly prosperous environment, people lose their authenticity and become the appendage of the society. People are oriented by the production of the society. What the consumption society produces is not what people really need. But do not know oneself however, congratulate secretly in this kind of false satisfaction instead. Without the slightest awareness that it is society that rules men in its own way and not men who choose their lives in its own way. This seemingly free life is exactly the most direct manifestation of people being restrained. Marcuse pointed out that the process of social development and human development is not contradictory but more suitable, which is also the process of the loss of human independence and freedom. With the loss of man's independence and capacity for reflection, man must become a puppet in industrial development.

In the new society depression was contained, conflict was stabilized, and the integration of political opposites was achieved. In the new society the traditional points of struggle were either isolated or purged, and in the new society the gravedigger of the bourgeoisie joined forces with his enemies, thus eliminating the classes which were opposed to the existing system and the causes of unrest. The proletariat has lost its main force for social change. The working class is undergoing a historic transformation, which is mainly caused by four factors:

The rising status of workers and the increasing automation have made people forget the pain of relying only on manual labor to obtain the necessities of life under the previous capitalist system. Under the influence of this technological community, people gradually lose their critical ability and enter into a drowsy rhythm. Blue collar and white collar teams appear convergence phenomenon, the result is that "the number of non-productive labor workers increase" machine in production status and role gradually increased. At the same time, people lose their core position in the production process and gradually integrate with machines. Workers lose their occupational autonomy. The mechanization of labor tools develops the change of workers' thinking, and workers' working attitude gradually develops to the active direction. They begin to integrate into the technical system with a positive force. Under the influence of new technology, the fact that human beings lose their negative thinking is covered up, and people lose their negative dimension and become slaves under the developed industry.

Policy makers and some journalists through for advertisement, radio, newspapers, movies, and other forms of communication control to manipulate people's thoughts, make the person's thought gradually unify, these brainwashed type of social education, to achieve a high degree of unity of thought, the depressed person heart to social criticism consciousness, innovative consciousness, and transcendence consciousness so as to establish a kind of one-dimensional "behavior mode" and "thought patterns. People regard the social control over people as a kind of satisfaction of their own needs, and fall into this false satisfaction. Marcuse focused his research on the philosophical style in the process of one-way interpretation of ideology. Of analytic philosophy, positivism, the class itself has one dimensional thinking of philosophy, analyzing the present situation and problems of the popularity of under the guidance of this philosophy, people understand the essence of language as to the real experience and objective reflection of the concrete practice, the actual situation quite sure without criticism, negative in several degrees of language function. Language is the direct reflection of people's thought, and the negation of the multiplicity of language also negates the multiplicity of thought. Philosophical thoughts are the most negative and critical thoughts among all thoughts. The unidirectionality of philosophical thoughts determines the unidirectionality of human beings.

One-dimensional theory is another important expression form of technical theory criticism of Frankfurt school, which is in the same position as "enlightenment dialectics". Marcuse's one-dimensional theory has important progressive significance, which is mainly manifested in three aspects:

Marcuse's one-dimensional theory breaks the previous form of theoretical criticism that takes "things" as the main object, and takes "people" as the main body of theoretical criticism, which fully embodies the marxist people-oriented research concept. The one-dimensional theory is a progressive theoretical system that combines with the development of The Times under the background of the new totalitarian society caused by technological progress at that time. It reflects the theoretical principle of keeping pace with The Times and is a new development of the social critical theory of Frankfurt school. The one-dimensional theory has an important comprehensive feature for the criticism of the society and people at that time, involving political economy, ideology, culture, discourse, philosophy, economy, society and other aspects, and establishing a new perspective of discourse criticism.

Faced with a theory, we should learn to use a dialectical approach to look at it. Marcuse's theory of one dimensional although there are many worthy of our learning progress, but also has its own limitation, there are two main aspects: first, marcuse's theory of one dimensional to attribute the unidirectional simple people the consequences to the progress of technology, ignoring the capitalist society the nature of the darkness of this reason, objectively did cover the darkness of the capitalism sex. Guide people to direct their criticism towards technology. The second point is that marcuse's one-dimensional theory has a lot of "deviant" to Marx's individual propositions and maintains a negative attitude towards the proletarian revolution.

Based on the above theory of marcuse, we can clearly recognize the positive significance of human's two-sided character for social development, and we must cultivate people's comprehensive development, stimulate people's innovation, criticism and creativity. We should uphold the people-oriented development concept, put the people-oriented thought into the social development, be it in politics, economy or culture, and build a truly harmonious society. No matter in what kind of social condition, human alienation phenomenon cannot be fully eliminated, repression of human nature and twisted phenomenon emerge in endlessly, we insist on using the dialectical methods to look at problems of philosophy, adhere to the principle of seeking truth from facts, train people on the basis of respecting objective laws give full play to the subjective initiative, the pursuit of diversification of production and living ways, stimulate the potential of people, the people's free all-round development as the important goal of social development.

Science and technology is used as a tool of human services, is a weapon of social development, people create science and technology, and can not be controlled by science and technology, in marcuse described by one dimensional society, people become subservient to the production of a machine, lost as a person's energy, people become the slaves of the machine but also don't know it, and even indulge in false happiness. In today which progresses by leaps and bounds of science and technology, we must correctly realize the two sides of science and technology, learn to use the dialectical way of thinking to view all results brought by science and technology, always do the master instead of slave of science and technology, set up the science and technology is to solve human problems, combines science and technology and human development correctly.

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