美国作业代写：A Discussion of Roosevelt New Deal

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- A Discussion of Roosevelt New Deal，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了罗斯福新政。罗斯福新政，就是指富兰克林·罗斯福在1933年被选为美国总统时实施的一系列经济政策。新政的主要内容是恢复、救济和改革，缓解了大萧条带来的经济危机和社会矛盾，通过国会制定了《紧急银行法令》、《国家工业复兴法》、《农业调整法》、《社会保障法案》等法案。

The Roosevelt New Deal refers to a series of economic policies implemented by Franklin Roosevelt in 1933 when he was elected as the President of the United States. In this article, it is to discuses main components of Roosevelt New Deal, effect on the United States, challenges facing Roosevelt and his response to those challenges.

The main content of the New Deal is recovery, relief, and reform, which has alleviated the economic crisis and social contradictions brought about by Great Depression. Firstly, it was stabilizing finance, protecting private deposits, for rebuilding the financial system, and strengthening the competitiveness of US goods. It has an important role to guide the economic life of United States. For example, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation was established and some people succeed in getting some of their savings back after the bank collapsed; a lot of banks also reopened (641). Then, a lot of measures are taken for the revitalization of industry, such as the "National Industrial Recovery Act". For example, there was one program called Works Progress Administration devoted to help the unemployed workers. After this, a lot of large-scale public works were established, and allocated across the country, from 1933 to 1939 (Roark et al 651). The construction of a large number of projects, not only greatly ease the unemployment difficulties and stimulate an early economic recovery, and many infrastructure construction to benefit the US economy. 

According to the "National Industrial Recovery Act", the industrial enterprises must develop fair operation and proper size of the production enterprises, the price level, the market distribution of wage standards and the number of working hours in order to prevent blind competition caused by overproduction, thereby strengthening the government of capitalist industrial production control and regulation. Roosevelt requires capitalists to comply with the fair competition rules, and set out the scale of production, price, sales range; improve the treatment of workers, thus limiting the monopoly, which greatly reduce and mitigate class contradictions in the United States . For instance, in June 1933, the National Recovery Administration is intended to protect workers’ right (Roark et al 644). Also, there is the adjustment of agricultural policy by stimulating the enthusiasm of farmers, and the rapid development of agriculture.

However, there are some challenges facing Roosevelt from the Supreme Court. In the separation of powers in the United States political system, there are constraints of the Supreme Court through the legislative and administrative review of constitutions. The so-called judicial review refers to the law passed by the Congress, may be unconstitutional, and therefore be declared invalid by the Supreme Court. Since the founding of the United States, the laissez-faire capitalist system has been practiced. The economic crisis of 1929 was widely recognized as a testament to the failure of the laissez-faire capitalist system. American society has no longer trust this system. They turn to the government, and believe that a responsible government can solve the problems that the free market can not overcome.  However, the judge with historical and academic background, tend to be conservative, known as “conservative coalition” (Boundless). Judges in the United States are more systematically assertive that they can ignore the pressure of the public and public opinion, persist in a laissez faire capitalist system, insist on strict restrictions on government power, and insist on inviolability of private property. After the ruling of the Supreme Court on several key cases, such as Schecter Poultry Corp. and Butler (socialstudieshelp.com), it severely hampered Roosevelt’s New Deal.

Franklin Roosevelt launched a strong challenge to the Supreme Court. By conventional means, Roosevelt can do nothing to these judges. According to US law, judges are appointed by the President, but unless there is a serious crime committed, the position of judges is not affected in any way. The judiciary is completely independent. Roosevelt announced a plan called “Court packing "(socialstudieshelp.com). Under the scheme, the President may nominate another judge to replace any federal judge over 70 years of age who has not yet retired. The Federal Supreme Court is no exception. At that time, six people in the Supreme Court of Justice are more than 70 years of age.

To sum up, the New Deal increased direct or indirect economic intervention of government. It has played a positive role in the stability of society, despite challenges facing Roosevelt from the Supreme Court.

Reference lists

Roark, James L., et al. (2015). The American Promise, Vol. 2: from 1865.(6th edition, value edition).     Boston and New York: Bedford/St. Martin’s Press,.

Boundless. ( 2016) Challenges to the New Deal,

https://www.boundless.com/u-s-history/textbooks/boundless-u-s-history-textbook/the-new-deal-1933-1940-25/critical-interpretations-of-the-new-deal-193/challenges-to-the-new-deal-1068-9736/socialstudieshelp.com .(2016).Challenges to the New Deal

http://www.socialstudieshelp.com/USRA_FDR_Opposition.htm

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