留学生作业代写：The Travels of Marco Polo

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- The Travels of Marco Polo，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了《马可·波罗游记》。《马可·波罗游记》这本书是一部关于亚洲的游记，它记录了中亚，西亚，东南亚等地区的许多国家的情况，马可波罗在中国停留的时间最长，他的足迹所至，遍及西北，华北，西南和华东等地区。他在《游记》中以大量的篇章，热情洋溢的语言，记述了中国无穷无尽的财富，巨大的商业城市，极好的交通设施，以及华丽的宫殿建筑。

Marco Polo was a Venetian merchant who was born in 1254. He joined his father and uncle in their second visit to China in 1271. During the trip, Marco Polo travelled extensively to the Mongol empire, the Chinese empire, the Indian empire and as far down south as Burma. After his return to Venice over 20 years later, a romance-writer, Rustichello of Pisa, help Marco Polo in transcribing his dictions of the travel stories into a book, which is the original version of The Travels of Marco Polo. As one of the earliest and most successful attempts of the exploration of the eastern empires and their cultures, the book soon ignited enthusiasm and fascination about the mysterious east in the western world. In addition to be a best seller back then, historians have found evidence from Chinese and Persian history, which attested the accuracy of facts in the book. Some of the name translations by Marco Polo was even in accordance with the original Chinese words, which shows that he had a deep understanding of the cultures in the countries that he traveled to. After an analysis of the social context and the identity of the writer, social wealth, including all the products that are of value to the society, is the most essential factor in the book The Travels of Marco Polo.

In the introduction of the translated version of the book, the translator, Ronald Latham, discusses about the factors that shape the book into what it is. The role of the transcriber should not be underrated. He was responsible for the language style of the book, which is leisurely and conversational. The plain style in language highlighted the fascinations and added to the attractions of the facts described, which is a smart way of story-telling. Naturally, Marco Polo himself is of great importance as well. For each of the places he visited, including West Asia, Middle Asia, East Asia and South Asia, Marco Polo made detailed observations of the different businesses and the local cultures. Reader were often lost in the fascinating alien cultures that they reading about, that they forget the true identity of the storyteller, a merchant. The value of Marco Polo’s book should not only be assessed based on its accuracy of fact, but also on the profound influences the book had for the readers and the western society back then. It wouldn’t be exaggerating to state that the description of social wealth in the book was motivated the Europeans to set sail into the world.

While the western world developed highly civilized societies centered in religion, the eastern cultures were also booming with a wide variety. Merchandises of spice, silk and gems, as well as gold itself, were the major social wealth items described by Marco Polo. Such items were not in abundance in Europe as they were in the East, making them even more valuable to the eyes of the western merchants and readers of Marco Polo’s book. The long winters in the European continent makes storing food crucial for food in the winter times. The use of spices can help preserve food for longer and be used for added flavors in cooking. However, there is no place in Europe suitable for the mass production of spices. in the southern parts of Asia where Marco Polo travelled to, pepper, ginger and cinnamon were in great abundance. People were cooking with spices, using spices to make wine, even regaling fragrant sweet spices on their idols in the religious events. There were several times that Marco Polo made descriptions about the spices that were never seen in his own country.

Gems is another precious yet scarce merchandise in Europe, where only royalty and nobles get to wear them. Marco Polo have seen the ropes of the Kubilai Khan decorated with pearls and gems of immense value, the extravagant gems on the toes of the King of India. Maabar and Ceylon is the place with the highest production of gems in India, which makes the King of India extremely wealthy. Such comparisons between the west and the east is the source of fascination of the book. As one of the most famous merchandises of China, the silk industry in China witnessed by Marco Polo was already highly developed in the 13th century. In China, silk has become something not only for the royalty and emperors to wear, but also for the rich merchants and even common men. Marco Polo also made a description of the vibrancy of the economy of the 13th China, with a financial system using the world’s first paper money.

In his travels to the eastern world, what Marco Polo discovered and described was a huge imbalance between natural resources and means of life between the east and the west. Each of the country in the east were booming in its own ways replying on the abundance of valuable industries and accumulation of social wealth. Such an imbalance was the reason why so many of the readers of Marco Polo’s book were inspired to set sail and explore the vastness of the world. Christopher Columbus was one of the readers. The depiction of social wealth of the east world was of significant historical values, because it became a motivation for the westerners to step out of Europe, changing the world fundamentally and setting it on the path of globalization.

Outline and Notes on Social Wealth

Chapter One

pp55. The sea coast town Ayas in Armenia, Middle, was the place where all the inland merchandises, including spices and cloths, gather into

Chapter Two

pp80. People of the Middle East make wine out of dates, with spices adding, making the wine very good and fragrant.

pp138. The feast day in Bakshi when the local people celebrated by regaling fragrant sweet spices on their idols.

Chapter Three

pp176. The ropes of the Kubilai Khan were decorated with pearls and gems of immense value

pp186. Under the rule of the Khan all the loyal subjects must submit all the gems, pearls, gold and silver in their possession

pp207. City of Cho-chau is a commercial and industrial city producing fabric of silk and gold

pp247. The city of Tandinfu is the finest city in the region. The abundance here is ‘amazing”.

Chapter Four

pp223. Several mentioning of spices that are “never seen in the country before” in China

pp259. The means of life is very plentiful in Hwai-ngan-chau

Chapter Five

pp319. Java Island is the place where many precious spices can be found, it’s a rich island producing pepper, nutmegs, spikenards, galingale, cubebs and cloves.

pp328. “they have abundance of spices of every kind. Their food is rice and mile, and every sort of flesh”

Chapter Seven

pp370. Great abundance of pepper, ginger and cinnamon in India

pp331. Maabar and Ceylon in the India Empire produce most of the pearls and gems in the world, including rubies, sapphires, emeralds etc.

pp334.the King of India wore extravagant gems even on his toes to show his status and wealth

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