The One-Child Policy’s Negative Influence On China-essay代写

本文是一篇优秀的essay代写范文- The One-Child Policy’s Negative Influence On China，供大家赏析学习，这篇论文讨论了独生子女政策对中国的消极影响。中国是世界上人口最多的国家。由于人口众多，中国政府就实施了独生子女政策。但在独生子女政策带来好处的同时，也带来了非常严重的负面问题。比如说加快了人口老龄化，还有影响了孩子的教育，以及一定程度上影响了男女比例。

With a population of more than 1.3 billion, China is the country with the largest population in the world. Because of the large population, the country had been implementing the most strict birth control policy -- “the one-child policy” from 1979 to 2015. After sticking to the policy for more than three decades, the one- child policy has profound influence on China in many aspects. But the past three decades also witnessed the rapid economic growth and amazing change in China. So people think that the one- child policy has brought some benefits to China. As far as I am concerned, the negative influence of the policy far outweigh the benefits of the policy.

The most obvious effect is that the policy has changed the sex ratio of Chinese population to some degree. Now China has more men than women with the sex ratio at birth (between male and female births) in mainland China reached 117:100 and remained steady between 2000 and 2013. This ratio is substantially higher than the natural baseline ranging between 103:100 and 107:100.According to a survey, “recent estimates suggest that as many as 40 million women are missing in China and   our results imply that preference for boys is the main driver of the gender gap, and that the only child policy is responsible for about half of it.  (Heerink, Zhang, and Bulte. 21-39)”. Because some Chinese people still have the feudal ideas that the boy will always be the family member. And when the baby girl grows up and gets married, the girl will be the family member of her husband’s home. In some rural and under developed areas in China, people feel it is a shame if they do have a son but only have a daughter. And they depend on their sons to take care of them when they are old.  When women get pregnant, some of them will seek help from doctors to use ultrasound technology to identify the baby’s sex even it is illegal in China for doctors to tell the sex of the baby, and some women will choose to abort the baby if it is a girl. Therefore, if the rural family could only have one child, they would try whatever they could to give birth to a boy. And the result is that when this generation grow up, it will be more and more difficult for men to get married to women because of the sex ratio imbalance, which will bring uncertainties and threats to the society.

Second, the policy has had negative influence on China’s population structure-- speeding up the aging of population in China. Aging is a serious problem faced by most developed counties. Now as a developing country, China is also confronted with the aging issue. “By 2050, there will be 400 million Chinese citizens aged 65+, 150 million of whom will be 80+( Fang,Evandro Fei, 197).”Which occupies one third of the total population. By then, China will be lack of labor force. And the country will shoulder heavier burden for the social welfare. And another problem is that because of the urbanization and disparity of urban and rural areas, many children will choose to work in big cities, leaving their parents alone at hometown. The influence is that many senior citizens in China are having unhappy retired life. And what’s worse, there are some extremely unfortunate families who lose their only child in accidents or for illness. Those families are called lost the only child family in China. Life for these elder people is very miserable especially in rural areas because lots of rural residents are farmer and do not have retired pensions. In urban areas, those elder people could live relatively comfortable because many possibilities exist, “while in rural areas challenges are more urgent given the proportionately larger number of elderly residents and the lack of options（Zhang, and Franklin，2006)”.

Another impact is the education of the only child of each family. Children love to have companions. But as the one-child policy generation, most children born in the 1979--2015 grow up alone in their families. They do not have siblings. And because each family only has one child, the child become the center of the family. The child could easily get whatever they want and do not have to share food and toys with others in the process of their growth so that some single child of their families are labeled as selfishness and are called little emperor or little princess in China. Throughout the history of China, people have very high expectation of their children and are willing to sacrifice a lot for their children. The only child in the family means the family only has one hope. According to the lecture of Professor Feng Xiaotian(from Nanjing University in China, the mentality of one- child family parents is much different than that of parents with several children(Feng, Xiaotian ). They will pay all their attention to their children in every aspect and help children to do many things children should do by themselves such as making the bed, washing dishes and cleaning the room, resulting that many children lack the responsibility and independence. And in China, people attach great importance to academic success so most parents will push their children to study hard so that most students are under great pressure. I can hear the news of students commit suicide because of the unbearable stress.

The Chinese government and Chinese people have realized the negative impact brought by the policy. And the good news for Chinese people is that in October 2015, the state make the announcement to stop the one-child policy and allow each couple to have 2 children. The country is still controlling the population growth but it is a big progress already. Thus the only child born between 1979--2015 is a unique generation in Chinese history and even in the history of mankind. This generation and their parents have made huge contribution to the country. The country should pay special attention to those special people and should make favorable policy for them.

Works Cited

Fang, Evandro Fei, et al. "A Research Agenda for Aging in China in the 21st Century." Ageing research reviews 24.Pt B (2015): 197. Web.

Feng, Xiaotian“Nanjing University: The Theme of 100 Million Chinese People and Two Generations” 28th ,Feb, 2012.

Heerink, N., X. Zhang, and E. H. Bulte. "China's One-Child Policy and "the Mystery of Missing Women": Ethnic Minorities and Male-Biased Sex Ratios." Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 73.1 (2011): 21-39. Web.

Zhang, Yuanting, and Franklin W. Goza. "Who Will Care for the Elderly in China? A Review of the Problems Caused by China's One-Child Policy and their Potential Solutions."Journal of Aging Studies 20.2 (2006): 151-64. Web.

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