Oncogenic Potential of Radiofrequecy Emissions--论文代写范文精选

相比之下,其他的研究，如进行大规模细胞谱系调查和在射频排放量高的工作人员没有发现致癌效应。这些相互矛盾的结果表明需要进一步开展研究。下面的essay代写范文提供了一个审查的实验室研究，以期得到更多结论。

Abstract
With the advent of the rising telecom industry there is growth in the usage of the mobile phones by manifold and when we are in country like India, in order to cover one billion population, several transmission towers have been installed to create a jungle of such masts rising atop many buildings in the densely populated parts of India. The erection of these towers has lead to speculations that there may be increased incidence of cancer after exposure to the RF emissions from mobile telephone base stations. There are no high-quality epidemiologic studies that can be used to evaluate health risks from RF exposure. Laboratory studies in this area have been somewhat confusing. Some animal studies suggest that RF fields accelerate the development of sarcoma colonies in the lung, mammary tumors, skin tumors, hepatomas, and sarcomas. In contrast, other studies conducted on large scale on the cell lineage and people working in areas with high RF emissions have not found carcinogenic effects. These conflicting results indicate the need for more well-conducted studies. This paper provides a review of the laboratory studies and indicates what conclusions about RF-induced cancer can be drawn.

Introduction
There has been tremendous growth in the number of mobile phone users in the world during the last five years. The reasons point to easy access, affordability, fairly good reliability and better geographical coverage by the service providers. Of course, the need to communicate has always been there ever since the evolution of mankind. Though other forms of communication do help to serve the purpose but nothing beats the excitement and the emotions involved in being able to contact and converse with someone at the click of a few keys on the mobile phone. Technically, the growth in this sector has been much faster and wider in India than in any other country. 

It would be probably correct to say that at any given moment, India would be having the largest numbers of active mobile phone users in the world. Quite naturally, to cover a population of almost a billion, several transmission towers have been installed to create a jungle of such masts rising atop many buildings in the densely populated parts of India. Each year, many such towers are being added in order to ensure negligible loss in transmission and hence the retention of existing and multiplying clients list. A fierce competition, even in this age of recession, continues to exist between multiple phone companies all of whom seem to adopt aggressive marketing for their products while working at ensuring commitment to the punch lines like“wherever you go we will follow you”. No doubt, a large part of the social and economic development in the country in various sectors and efficiency in the work places is due to the excellent communication.

Conclusions: The epidemiological evidence currently available does not suggest that RF exposure causes cancer. This conclusion is compatible with the balance of biological evidence, which suggests that RF fields below guidelines do not cause mutation, or initiate or promote tumour formation. 

However, mobile phones have not been in use for long enough to allow comprehensive epidemiological assessment of their impact on health, and we cannot, at this stage, exclude the possibility of some association between mobile phone technology and cancer. In view of widespread concern about this issue, continued research is essential. There is a pressing need for case–control studies to examine whether leukaemia and cancers of the brain, acoustic nerve and salivary gland are caused by mobile phone use. We propose that large case–control studies of brain cancer, acoustic neuroma, salivary gland cancer, and leukaemia should be funded. We further recommend that this programme be financed by the mobile phone companies and the public sector (industry departments, health departments and the research councils) The baffling evidence swaying in either direction of the prevailing controversy regarding relationship between EMR and mobile phone users is quite remarkable. 

With increasing number of users of this facility which is expected to increase 1.5 times in the next couple of years, the urgency to solve the puzzle should take a priority. It has been observed that the major fear lies with the populations residing in close proximity to the transmission base stations or EM towers which emit EMR continuously to power levels from a few watts to 100 watts depending on the “cell size” or area of coverage. If there are any risks, these are maximum for those living in the vicinity of larger cell size base stations. The need to reconsider international guidelines developed by International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) or by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) becomes relevant on the basis of phenomenal increase in the number of service providers, mobile phone users, installations of new base stations near dense populations as also the fact that the population at risk has increased due to ever escalating population in almost every country.（essay代写)

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