Arts Subjects-Essay format写作攻略

不知道留学生们有没有遇到过Essay扎堆的情况，这种情况想必大家都非常头疼。单单是Essay Format都不知道该怎么处理，Bibliography/Reference又该怎么写？要怎么才能做到不被扣Format分？下面就给大家讲解一下。

Essay Format

对于所有的Academic Essay

来说格式都基本相同。

字号：12-point font size

字体：Times New Roman

行距：double-spaced

另外，对于Arts科目来说，字数限制也十分重要。部分科目会将in-text citation或者footnotes 也算入字数中，具体需以每科的Assignment要求为准。

The length of the paper should be XXXX words (+/－10%). The penalty (5-point deduction) will apply to a paper which is outside this range.

再者，Plagiarism对于Essay来说至关重要！每一篇Essay都会经过Turnitin系统检查内容相似率。因此citation的必要性就不言而喻了。

APA style? Harvard system?

Chicago? Or MLA?

What？到底该用哪一种？

它们分别又有什么格式要求？

APA style

APA应该是同学们使用最广的reference方式。其格式要求主要为：

要求同学们在开始进行段落开头写作前按一下Tab键以替代空格首行缩进；

双倍行间距 Double Space；

字体要求Times New Roman；

Intext citations格式：

One author:

…(Hawkins, 2003).

Hawkins (2003) reported that the results were inconclusive.

OR In 1979, Conger conducted a study which showed that…

Two authors:

…(Bovey & Hede, 2001)

Reference list格式:

1. book:

Author surname, Author initial(s). (Year of publication). Title of book (edition number if not the 1st edition). Place of publication: Name of publisher.

2.Journal article:

Author family name, Author initial(s). (Year of publication). Title of the article. Title of the Journal, volume number (issue number), page numbers of the article.

3.Web sites:

Author/editor surname, Author/editor initial(s). (Year, month day of last update, or copyright year). Title of the page/document. Retrieved Month day, year, from URL

MLA 8th

MLA（Modern Language Association）相信留学生们都很熟悉,为美国现代语言协会制定的论文指导格式，在一般书写英语论文时应当使用MLA格式来保证学术著作的完整。

Intext citation:

在MLA格式中， 一般以intext citation代替脚注及尾注，格式为：

author’s last name and a relevant page number；

Eg:…it was the worst of times” (Dickens 5);

wrote Charles Dickens of the eighteenth century (5)

注意：如有一个以上的作者，用“and”而不是“&”链接~

Eg: (Brown and Czerniewicz 2010)

Reference list格式:

1. book:

Last name, First name. Title of Book. Publisher, Year of Publication.

2. Journal article:

Last name, First name. “Title of Article.” Title of Journal, volume, issue, year, page range of article. Database, URL.

3. websites:

Last name, First name. Name of site. Publisher or sponsor of site, date of publication (if available), URL.

Chicago

Intext citation:

在Chicago格式中，就不是用intext citation了，需要在正文中加入连续的自然数标记脚注及尾注，其格式为：

1. Book：

Note Number. Author’s First and Last Names, Title of Book: Subtitle of Book (Place of Publication: Publisher’s Name, Date of Publication), page number(s).

2.Journal article：

Note Number. Author’s First and Last Names, “Article Title,” Title of Publication Vol no, issue no (Date of Publication): page number(s).

3. Websites：

Note Number. “Title of Webpage” Name of Website, Date modified/accessed, URL.

Harvard

Reference list:

1. book:

Eg: Brick, J 2009, Academic culture: a student’s guide to studying at university, National Centre for English Language Teaching and Research, Sydney.

2. Journal article:

Eg: Prentice, C 2010, ‘Terms of ambivalence: cultural politics and symbolic exchange’, Australian Literary Studies, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 33-54.

3. Websites:

Fein, B 2011, ‘The Patriot Act is at war with the constitution’, The American view: God, family, republic, viewed 8 November 2011, http://archive.theamericanview.com/index.php?id=1770

所有参考书目以作者姓名的字母顺序排列，一个作者有多本著作时，则按年份先后排列顺序。

以上就是关于Essay的写作攻略分享，现在同学们该知道怎么写Essay了吧！

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