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建立人际资源圈Hewlett Packard公司分析（波特五力模型）
2015-08-06 来源: 51due教员组 类别: 写作技巧
该论文是Hewlett Packard公司pest分析（波特五力模型），下面的分析会从休利特·帕卡德的移动技术行业开始。对于这个问题，作者会使用大环境分析框架和波特五框架。
大环境分析
1.1.1 政治
休利特·帕卡德在超过170个国家中经营公司（休利特·帕卡德 2010）。跨国企业主要受制定规则的政府的影响。同时他们也能改变税率和进口关税（梅拉哈等人 2005，第37页）。这有着政治风险，其被定义为”政治势力将会急剧改变一个国家的商业环境“（罗伯克和西蒙兹 1989，第378页）援引（梅拉哈等人2005，第43页）。
1.1.2 经济
在移动技术行业，考虑的经济因素包括通货膨胀率，消费者的可支配收入，以及失业水平（梅拉哈等人2005，第44页）。移动技术的产品，如智能手机，可以被看作是一个奢侈品（布拉斯顿和佩蒂特2006，第57页）。2007年到2009年全球经济衰退（美国有线电视新闻网），市场仍在恢复不可支配收入，但仍可在这些奢侈品上消费。
The following analysis will be taken from Hewlett-Packard's (HP) operations within the mobile technology industry. In this question that author will be using a PESTEL framework as well as Porters five forces framework.
大环境分析——PESTEL Analysis
1.1.1 政治——1.1.1 Political
Hewlett-Packard operate in more than 170 countries (Hewlett Packard 2010). Multinational firms can be majorly impacted by governments, who impose regulations. Whilst also being able to change the levels of taxation or import duties (Mellahi et al 2005, p.37). There is also political risk defined as "the the likelihood that political forces will cause drastic changes in a country's business environment" (Robock and Simmonds 1989 p.378) as cited by (Mellahi et al 2005, p.43).
1.1.2 经济——1.1.2 Economic
Within the mobile technology industry economic factors to be considered are the rate of inflation, the disposable income consumers, as well as levels of unemployment (Mellahi et al 2005, p.44). Mobile technology products such as smartphones can be seen as a luxury product (Brassington and Pettitt 2006, p.57). With a worldwide recession occurring from 2007 till 2009 (CNN) and the market still recovering less disposable income is available to spend on these luxuries.
1.1.3 社会文化——1.1.3 Socio-cultural
Consumer attitudes changing can influence firm strategies (Mellahi et al 2005, p.47) With some products becoming less fashionable, the mobile technology industry must become sensitive to changing trends. Articles have been written that predict there is a possibility for smartphones to take over from the PC in the near future (Betanews.com 2010)
1.1.4 技术——1.1.4 Technological
The mobile technology industry is a fast moving with the pace increasing (Mellahi et al 2005, p.48). This is true in this industry with new technology software being released every day (ere.net 2011). As well as Wi-Fi being made available in public places, such as the London Underground (BBC 2011)
1.1.5 环境——1.1.5 Environmental
Environmental issues have become a more increasing concern in recent years (Bassington and Pettitt 2006). This includes the mobile technology industry. Companies are put under more pressure to adopt corporate social responsibility. There is also the need to follow environmental law for example in Europe (European Environmental Law Network 2011).
1.1.6 法律——1.1.6 Legal
The mobile technology industry has many legal factors they must take into consideration. This can include laws against monopolies, impacting on whether companies can perform an acquisition or merger. As well as financial regulations and employment laws. The industry must also be aware of patents, ensuring they don't infringe on a patent (Intellectual Property Office 2011).
1.2 波特五框架——1.2 Porters five forces framework
1.2.1 进入威胁——1.2.1 Threat of Entry
There are low threats of entry within the mobile technology industry, this is due to many obstacles that would face potential newcomers (Mellahi et al 2005, p.71) The companies within the market have already established there brand names, (Hubbard 2004, p.35) any new entrant would have to overcome firms like Hewlett Packard, Apple, and Nokia. There is also the cost of capital, with the revenues for the mobile phone market being at £15,466 million in 2010 (Mintel 2011).
1.2.2 替代品的威胁——1.2.2 The threat of substitutes
There are few substitutes to mobile technology, with the main one being PC's. These act as a substitute to mobile devices such as netbooks or laptops, and the Apple iPad.
1.2.3 买者的力量——1.2.3 The power of buyers
There is a reasonable level of buyer power in the mobile technology market. This is down to the low switching costs for buyers (Johnson et al 2008, p.63). Consumers are able to switch between one supplier or another due to the large number competitors in the industry.
1.2.4 供应者的力量——1.2.4 The power of suppliers
The power of suppliers is high within the market place. This is due to there being few large suppliers that a company would be able to rely on. Such as Intel for processors in their laptops and netbooks. (Intel 2011) There is also a difficulty for companies to manufacture the parts required themselves, therefore Hewlett Packard and others in the industry would be reliant upon its suppliers.
1.2.5 充满竞争性的竞争——1.2.5 Competitive Rivalry
Competitive rivals account for all the companies which offer similar products. In the mobile technology industry, there are several competitors relating to Hewlett Packard. These include; Apple Inc, Nokia, Google, HTC, Blackberry and Sony. With all these companies having established brands. (BBC 2010)
1.3 机会与威胁——1.3 Opportunities and Threats
1.3.1 机会——1.3.1 Opportunities
The main opportunity for Hewlett Packard is for the company to grow, with it being predicted that the mobile phone market alone is expected to increase by around £2,500 million by 2015 (Mintel 2011) They also have to opportunity to move into the emerging market created by Tablets, With HP already having a product out, the HP TouchPad, to compete with the Apple iPad. There is also an opportunity from the patents gained from the purchase of Palm. These allow for new technologies to be explored.
1.3.2 威胁——1.3.2 Threats
The threats that face Hewlett Packard, can be seen to be competitive rivalry (Hewlett Packard 2010). There is aggressive competition within the industry with a variety of products competing with those of HP. The saturation within the market could harm future revenues. There are also security risks (Hewlett Packard) which could damage reputation, a recent example of this is Sony (Telegraph 2011)
大环境分析
1.1.1 政治
休利特·帕卡德在超过170个国家中经营公司（休利特·帕卡德 2010）。跨国企业主要受制定规则的政府的影响。同时他们也能改变税率和进口关税（梅拉哈等人 2005，第37页）。这有着政治风险，其被定义为”政治势力将会急剧改变一个国家的商业环境“（罗伯克和西蒙兹 1989，第378页）援引（梅拉哈等人2005，第43页）。
1.1.2 经济
在移动技术行业，考虑的经济因素包括通货膨胀率，消费者的可支配收入，以及失业水平（梅拉哈等人2005，第44页）。移动技术的产品，如智能手机，可以被看作是一个奢侈品（布拉斯顿和佩蒂特2006，第57页）。2007年到2009年全球经济衰退（美国有线电视新闻网），市场仍在恢复不可支配收入，但仍可在这些奢侈品上消费。
The following analysis will be taken from Hewlett-Packard's (HP) operations within the mobile technology industry. In this question that author will be using a PESTEL framework as well as Porters five forces framework.
大环境分析——PESTEL Analysis
1.1.1 政治——1.1.1 Political
Hewlett-Packard operate in more than 170 countries (Hewlett Packard 2010). Multinational firms can be majorly impacted by governments, who impose regulations. Whilst also being able to change the levels of taxation or import duties (Mellahi et al 2005, p.37). There is also political risk defined as "the the likelihood that political forces will cause drastic changes in a country's business environment" (Robock and Simmonds 1989 p.378) as cited by (Mellahi et al 2005, p.43).
1.1.2 经济——1.1.2 Economic
Within the mobile technology industry economic factors to be considered are the rate of inflation, the disposable income consumers, as well as levels of unemployment (Mellahi et al 2005, p.44). Mobile technology products such as smartphones can be seen as a luxury product (Brassington and Pettitt 2006, p.57). With a worldwide recession occurring from 2007 till 2009 (CNN) and the market still recovering less disposable income is available to spend on these luxuries.
1.1.3 社会文化——1.1.3 Socio-cultural
Consumer attitudes changing can influence firm strategies (Mellahi et al 2005, p.47) With some products becoming less fashionable, the mobile technology industry must become sensitive to changing trends. Articles have been written that predict there is a possibility for smartphones to take over from the PC in the near future (Betanews.com 2010)
1.1.4 技术——1.1.4 Technological
The mobile technology industry is a fast moving with the pace increasing (Mellahi et al 2005, p.48). This is true in this industry with new technology software being released every day (ere.net 2011). As well as Wi-Fi being made available in public places, such as the London Underground (BBC 2011)
1.1.5 环境——1.1.5 Environmental
Environmental issues have become a more increasing concern in recent years (Bassington and Pettitt 2006). This includes the mobile technology industry. Companies are put under more pressure to adopt corporate social responsibility. There is also the need to follow environmental law for example in Europe (European Environmental Law Network 2011).
1.1.6 法律——1.1.6 Legal
The mobile technology industry has many legal factors they must take into consideration. This can include laws against monopolies, impacting on whether companies can perform an acquisition or merger. As well as financial regulations and employment laws. The industry must also be aware of patents, ensuring they don't infringe on a patent (Intellectual Property Office 2011).
1.2 波特五框架——1.2 Porters five forces framework
1.2.1 进入威胁——1.2.1 Threat of Entry
There are low threats of entry within the mobile technology industry, this is due to many obstacles that would face potential newcomers (Mellahi et al 2005, p.71) The companies within the market have already established there brand names, (Hubbard 2004, p.35) any new entrant would have to overcome firms like Hewlett Packard, Apple, and Nokia. There is also the cost of capital, with the revenues for the mobile phone market being at £15,466 million in 2010 (Mintel 2011).
1.2.2 替代品的威胁——1.2.2 The threat of substitutes
There are few substitutes to mobile technology, with the main one being PC's. These act as a substitute to mobile devices such as netbooks or laptops, and the Apple iPad.
1.2.3 买者的力量——1.2.3 The power of buyers
There is a reasonable level of buyer power in the mobile technology market. This is down to the low switching costs for buyers (Johnson et al 2008, p.63). Consumers are able to switch between one supplier or another due to the large number competitors in the industry.
1.2.4 供应者的力量——1.2.4 The power of suppliers
The power of suppliers is high within the market place. This is due to there being few large suppliers that a company would be able to rely on. Such as Intel for processors in their laptops and netbooks. (Intel 2011) There is also a difficulty for companies to manufacture the parts required themselves, therefore Hewlett Packard and others in the industry would be reliant upon its suppliers.
1.2.5 充满竞争性的竞争——1.2.5 Competitive Rivalry
Competitive rivals account for all the companies which offer similar products. In the mobile technology industry, there are several competitors relating to Hewlett Packard. These include; Apple Inc, Nokia, Google, HTC, Blackberry and Sony. With all these companies having established brands. (BBC 2010)
1.3 机会与威胁——1.3 Opportunities and Threats
1.3.1 机会——1.3.1 Opportunities
The main opportunity for Hewlett Packard is for the company to grow, with it being predicted that the mobile phone market alone is expected to increase by around £2,500 million by 2015 (Mintel 2011) They also have to opportunity to move into the emerging market created by Tablets, With HP already having a product out, the HP TouchPad, to compete with the Apple iPad. There is also an opportunity from the patents gained from the purchase of Palm. These allow for new technologies to be explored.
1.3.2 威胁——1.3.2 Threats
The threats that face Hewlett Packard, can be seen to be competitive rivalry (Hewlett Packard 2010). There is aggressive competition within the industry with a variety of products competing with those of HP. The saturation within the market could harm future revenues. There are also security risks (Hewlett Packard) which could damage reputation, a recent example of this is Sony (Telegraph 2011)
