American Social Institution

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- American Social Institution，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了美国社会制度。美国是世界上最大的发达资本主义国家，这种社会制度有其自身的特点。首先，阶级流动在美国是显而易见的。其次，民族和民族认同对阶级的干扰。美国是一个严重分裂的社会，这有利于革命。当一大批人形成时，革命只需要一个导火索。在美国，自由主义思想根深蒂固，使美国在面对社会主义时表现出明显的保守态度。

The United States is the largest developed capitalist country in the world. This kind of social institution has its own characteristics.

At first, the class mobility is obvious in America. Socialist theory emphasizes class struggle, so the more sharply divided and fixed the society is, the easier it will be to accept it. Despite the polarization between the rich and the poor after the industrialization in the United States, the class division is still not fixed and rigid. That is to say, compared with other societies, this society is relatively open. Some people call it "class open society". Americans emphasize equality of opportunity and the possibility of social advancement still exists. Those people are at the bottom of the heap are often new arrivals, but they may not be better off in their home country. Immigrants, if not all of them, have some hope and confidence in their future in the new country. Therefore, most poor Americans prefer to use the existing conditions of American society to fight for specific interests and take the path of individual struggle to improve the situation rather than rush to overthrow it (Martin, 1937).

Secondly, there are interference of ethnic and ethnic identity on class. The United States is an immigrant society, and immigrants from the same country are bound to maintain a myriad of ties between immigrants, their cultural and interest identity often exceeds the class identity, so Americans in addition to class distinctions, there are almost equally strong racial and ethnic distinctions. American labor unions have long existed along racial lines, some of which were only white, and the Chinese exclusion act of 1882 was impossible to pass without union support. In 1902, black trade unionists were only 3 percent, mostly confined to black local organizations. The middle class is the majority (Schwarzlose, 1979).

In America, the middle class is the majority. America is a sharply divided society, and this is good for the revolution. When a large number of people form, revolution only needs a fuse. However, American society is always two small in the middle, and the middle class makes up the majority of the people. Although they have a lot of dissatisfaction, they do not welcome the revolution. In the United States, any major social change without the support of the middle class, which makes up the majority of the population, is unlikely to succeed, as history has repeatedly demonstrated.

In the United States, liberal thought deeply rooted, so that the United States in the face of socialism showed a clear conservative attitude. American workers insisted on the concept of private property and individualism, and even the American left read Jefferson before reading Marx. Even though they oppose the capitalist system and even private property, they seldom do not accept the liberal ideas such as freedom, autonomy, equality, tolerance and rule of law. This makes them reserved to the path of power grab by armed revolution and unable to give up themselves and obey others, especially the remote control of foreign countries.

The U.S. declaration of independence recognized the right of revolution, and the U.S. constitution guaranteed freedom of expression and association. Generally speaking, the more repressive a society is, the more mysterious and attractive the deviant words and deeds are. In the United States, except for some special periods, socialism and communism are free to spread and exist legally. Socialist and communist parties were established casually and could run for President again and again, and until the 1980s, the communist party was still organizing its own presidential campaign. At the same time, due to the open and ample debate, American audiences have ample opportunity to hear different voices and have plenty of time to compare and choose. When an idea must enter the marketplace of ideas to compete, it is difficult to form a monopoly position. The American system offers some space for people to correct. Americans can reform their society through elections, legislation and other legal means, and even achieve major reforms like the New Deal. People as voters have a certain right to participate, so there is a certain degree of agreement with the government. The labor support for Roosevelt was genuine, and they were not interested in the call for the total overthrow of the existing government. The success or failure of an experiment is often instructive. A theory that fails on a small scale is difficult to convince the general public, thus avoiding the risk of failure on a large scale. The American pragmatic spirit also makes them attach more importance to practice than theory. America's unique geography and natural resources, combined with a successful economy, make it possible for the working class to share in the benefits, especially during the upswing. Between the second world war and 1970, the wages of American manufacturing workers more than tripled, along with benefits (Schwarzlose, 1979). So whenever the economy improves and the situation is relatively stable, the movement of workers quickly turns to the doldrums. The old left has always been an outsider in America, frustrated and difficult to influence.

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