Values education of extracurricular activities in American universities

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- Values education of extracurricular activities in American universities，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了美国大学课外活动的价值观教育。课外活动是学生从课堂学习走向实践体验的重要形式，在美国大学价值观教育中发挥着重要的隐性教育功能。与学习专业知识的常规学院相比，学生宿舍是美国大学价值观教育的重要阵地，是开展课外活动的主要场域。在美国大学学生宿舍中开展形式多样、内容丰富的课外活动，能够有效促进学生在道德认知、行为养成等方面的发展与价值观教育目标相契合。

Extracurricular activities are an important form for students to move from classroom learning to practical experience. Compared with conventional colleges that learn professional knowledge, student dormitory is an important position of American university value education and a major field of extracurricular activities. Carrying out extracurricular activities of various forms and rich contents in dormitories of American universities can effectively promote the development of students' moral cognition, emotional identity, behavior formation and other aspects in line with the educational goal of values.

Values education is an important way to guide young people's ideology. Extracurricular activities, as an important carrier of values education in American universities, play an important role in shaping and forming students' values. Different from traditional classroom teaching, extracurricular activities are mainly carried out in students' spare time. Students' dormitory is the main field of students' extracurricular life and an important front for organizing extracurricular activities that cannot be ignored. Extracurricular activities of various forms and rich contents in American university dorms can not only promote the coordinated development of students' professional knowledge and civic quality, but also deepen students' personal perception, so that students are influenced by thoughts unconsciously, constantly enrich their spiritual world and sublimate their moral realm.

Extracurricular activities distinguish extracurricular activities from formal learning at classes. It is mainly conducted in students' spare time and usually focuses on "visiting, inter-school communication, volunteer service, club activities and extracurricular learning". It is a flexible and diversified learning practice with vivid contents. In extracurricular activities, teachers usually play the role of advocate, mentor or adviser. Students are the main body of extracurricular activities, can give full play to the initiative and creativity in the activities, get exercise and growth in practice. American scholars clark and starr point out that "extracurricular activities are the parts of the curriculum that are not included in the regular curriculum". In recent years, domestic scholars have paid more and more attention to the educational function of values played by extracurricular activities in American universities. Some scholars, starting from different dimensions of moral education carried by extracurricular activities in colleges and universities, classified extracurricular activities into four types: political participation, social service, behavior formation and cultural integration. Some scholars believe that extracurricular activities put educational objects in a specific situation, in which students make judgment and choice, which is a practical activity running through students' thinking. Some scholars believe that "the so-called extracurricular activities are all kinds of homework and educational measures with the nature of teaching beyond the scope of the compulsory teaching plan and the compulsory teaching syllabus". All the above researches have summarized the extracurricular activities of American universities from different dimensions, providing a research foundation for further exploring the effective carrier of ideological and political education in China and improving the infectivity and effectiveness of ideological and political education.

Extracurricular activities are not only an important part of school education system, but also an important way to carry out school value education. First of all, extracurricular activities are an effective supplement to classroom teaching. Education environment and the change of education objects to a new challenge to the traditional ideological and political theory course in our country, extracurricular activities, as a kind of recessive education means, in the process of values education for students not only can response the forefront of information and knowledge, but also with the form of flexible and rich content to promote the students' participation. Secondly, extracurricular activities are an important means to enrich students' spiritual world. Extracurricular activities can not only improve students' practical ability in collective, social, literary, sports, natural and other environments, but also provide them with rich emotional experience and deepen their understanding and understanding of practical objects. Finally, extracurricular activities are an effective way to promote students' all-round development. Extracurricular activities can not only enrich students' emotional experience, improve students' moral level, but also enable students to acquire various skills in practice, expand their knowledge horizon, and improve their ability to analyze, solve problems and practice. Therefore, educators should fully consider the characteristics of the new era and the important role of extracurricular activities in students' values education, and make full use of extracurricular activities to provide effective help for integrating socialist core values into college students' daily life.

The extracurricular activities of academic training type take students' professional knowledge education as the core and cultivate and improve students' academic ability and scientific research level. Such activities of classroom teaching from the teaching faculty area extends to the students' life, education management personnel in the dorm will regularly invite famous professor in academic lectures, study salon, arrange after-school tutoring teachers, faculty and graduate students can guide to student's courses, the dormitory supervisor to provide professional advice and academic support for students in advance, etc. For example, Yale residential college has a team of Writing tutors, who work at a fixed time and place in the residential college every week and are responsible for providing thesis guidance in professional fields to residential college students. The research building at Stanford brings its members together to study and research topics and to meet faculty or experts in the field. Extracurricular activities of academic training type effectively link the classroom with life, and ensure the synchronous improvement of students' professional learning, moral quality and personal quality by virtue of a wide range of knowledge content and diversified education methods.

Extracurricular activities of theme celebration type take festivals, anniversaries, national and ethnic important celebration days as the theme to hold celebrations or commemorative activities. Graduation ceremony is the most representative ceremony of American universities. It not only represents the end of students and the beginning of a new journey of life, but also plays an important role in educating students about their values. Each year at harvard, students from different residential colleges return to the residential college after the graduation ceremony at the university level to attend the graduation ceremony of their own college and listen to the dean's instructions and teachings. In addition to the graduation ceremony, the dormitory will also hold a celebration ceremony on the National Day, school celebration day, various ethnic festivals and other memorial days, including dormitory dressing up, tea party or other celebration activities. Such activities integrate educational resources such as material, culture and information, use music, site, clothing and other formal elements to construct a value education scene, strongly guide the behavior of participants, effectively convey the values of the country, school and group, and have rich value education connotation.

Cultural and artistic extracurricular activities mainly refer to various cultural and artistic activities that students participate in, which are beneficial to the healthy development of body and mind, including art works exhibition, song and dance drama, concert, drama photography and so on. Such activities mainly focus on the goal of improving students' moral cultivation, literary and artistic quality, enriching physical and mental health knowledge, and improving psychological quality. Most dormitory buildings are equipped with places and facilities with different functions for students to develop their artistic and artistic expertise, reflecting the strong "development function" of their infrastructure. For example, in the dunst house dormitory building of Harvard University, the cultural tradition of this building is music performance and appreciation, and the featured activities mainly include the annual dunst house opera society opera meeting and messiah concert. These activities can not only cultivate students' interest in literature and art, absorb knowledge of literature and art, but also help to constantly enhance students' aesthetic ability, artistic accomplishment and humanistic spirit, improve their ability of artistic creation and discrimination, exercise divergent thinking, effectively enrich their spiritual life, and promote the all-round development of personality.

For American universities, competitive sports can not only strengthen the body and strengthen the physique, but also is an important means to shape students' personality and promote their all-round development. As an important way for American universities to carry out elite education and cultivate outstanding talents, competitive sports are indispensable extracurricular activities in American universities. Usually, the students' union will organize various sports teams in the dormitory and hold competitions in the campus regularly. Basketball, football, hockey and other sports are popular among students. For example, Yale university's Tyng Cup combines intra - campus competition with student life. Each member of the residential college is part of a competitive team and contributes to the Tyng Cup. Each residential college competes with other residential colleges in more than 30 sports, and the best schools get the coveted Tyng Cup. These competitions not only enrich students' extracurricular life, but also strengthen the mutual communication among students, exercise students' volition and quality, and stimulate students' sense of collective honor and sense of belonging.

Service-learning extracurricular activities are activities that encourage students to volunteer in dormitories, schools and communities by stimulating their dedication and service enthusiasm. This is also the main form of volunteer service for American college students. Students of Harvard University, Yale university and other universities will regularly organize service learning activities of different sizes, some on campus, some out of campus and into community or society. Hobart William Smith college will set up a dormitory on campus as a community service center. The students are selected according to their volunteer activities and hobbies. After they move in, they will complete at least five hours of service learning activities and other large-scale volunteer services every week. Service learning can not only improve the comprehensive quality of students, help students to accumulate social experience, but also create opportunities and conditions for students to practice the role of citizens in real social situations, which is an important way to improve students' practical ability, enhance their sense of civic responsibility and mission.

Respect for students' principal status is firstly reflected in the setting of dormitory themes. In the United States, some college dorms are set around specific extracurricular activities and interests, and students apply voluntarily based on their own interests and strengths. This not only improves students' initiative to participate in extracurricular activities, but also provides a platform for students to give full play to their strengths and achieve long-term development. At the same time, the extracurricular activities set up in the dormitory are very rich in content and form, which can meet the needs of different student groups on the basis of fully respecting students' physical and mental development and personality differences. On the other hand, in terms of the nature of activities, the activity organizations in American university dormitories are generally students' autonomy, which has higher requirements for participants. In extracurricular activities, students are no longer passive receivers of knowledge. They are not only active participants, but also initiators, organizers or managers. This deeper participation is beneficial to the establishment of the protagonist's consciousness and the cultivation of the sense of responsibility, and helps students to realize the role transformation from being managed to self-management.

College students' study, life and interpersonal communication are mostly carried out outside the classroom, and the extracurricular time occupies almost two-thirds of students' college life. Admittedly, classroom education on theoretical knowledge acquisition has the advantages of fully however students acquire theoretical knowledge is a component of higher education, only in their mind and body, the healthy development of moral, emotional and cognitive ability can't just rely on classroom education is complete, need to slowly training in interpersonal interaction and daily life practice, this requires to education through beyond the classroom, make education into students' extracurricular life. Classroom education is theoretical education, extracurricular education is practical education. Carrying out abundant extracurricular activities in the dormitory is an extension of classroom education and an important way and carrier to connect classroom with daily life. Through extracurricular activities in residential colleges, the school realizes the guidance and edification of students in daily life, integrating the learning environment and living environment harmoniously. Whether it is to carry out community service, theme celebration, or a variety of cultural entertainment activities, all provide students with social support and a broad platform for practice. Students' thoughts, feelings and hearts are constantly enriched in the rich exchanges, and their volitional qualities are honed in practice.

The dormitory management organization and service department with professional guidance team are the important guarantee for the smooth development of various extracurricular activities in American university dormitory. First of all, the dormitory tutorial system is implemented to realize the resident guidance of the dormitory tutor, so that every student has sufficient time and opportunity to communicate with the tutor. In the dormitory, the tutor is responsible for organizing and guiding academic discussions and various extracurricular activities, participating in social activities with students, and providing academic consultation and guidance for students' growth. In the process of participating in extracurricular activities in the dormitory, it is easier for teachers and students to establish close contact. Through these extracurricular activities, the tutor can better understand students' ideology, psychological state and development direction, so as to provide more targeted guidance to students. In addition, each student dormitory building will be equipped with full-time or part-time staff such as dormitory supervisors. They are usually postgraduates with vocational qualifications who are mainly responsible for the organization, management and supervision of extracurricular activities. Different from professional tutors, most of them are also students, so they have a more personal understanding and experience of students' needs in daily life, and are more familiar with extracurricular life, so they can respond timely and provide more practical guidance. On the other hand, the complete infrastructure construction in the dormitory also provides indispensable material support for the school to guide students in a deeper level and cultivate students' various abilities, which reflects the powerful developmental function of American universities. Such hardware conditions as public activity room, recording room, sports room, reading room and outdoor green garden provide a platform for creating rich extracurricular activities, provide support and guarantee for carrying out practical activities, and are indispensable for carrying out various extracurricular activities.

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