Risk prevention of trust financial management companies

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- Risk prevention of trust financial management companies，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了信托理财公司的风险防范。国外信托业务作为混业经营中银行业业务的一部分，并没有对信托公司风险管理专门提出过多的研究和监管，信托业务也是参照银行等金融机构的风险管理，机构内部风险管理适用企业内部控制的经营管理理念，业务风险管理和资本管理根据自身业务发展特点参照巴塞尔协议等监管要求。国外信托公司风险管理主要分为内部控制管理和外部监管管理。

As a financial industry operating risk, improving risk management ability and level is always the eternal theme of financial industry development. Since 2010, China's trust industry has entered a period of rapid development. The trend of financial innovation business and financial mixed operation has put forward higher standard requirements for trust companies in terms of risk management. As an important part of the financial industry, the risk management of trust companies has a great impact on the safe and stable development of China's economy. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the risk management of trust companies.

With the continuous development of China's economy, the scale of trust assets has been increasing, which has increased to nearly 16 trillion yuan in 2015, surpassing the insurance industry to become the second pillar of China's financial industry. By the end of 2016, the total trust assets managed by national trust companies exceeded 18 trillion yuan in the third quarter, reaching 20.22 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 24.01% and a month-on-month growth of 11.29%. The trust industry has entered the "20 trillion era". In terms of quarter-on-quarter growth rate, for the whole year of 2016, the quarter-on-quarter growth rate was 1.70% in the first quarter, 4.25% in the second quarter, 5.11% in the third quarter and 11.29% in the fourth quarter. The quarter-on-quarter growth rate reflects the rapid development trend of the trust industry.

As can be seen from the figure above, the year-on-year growth of trust assets showed an increasing trend from the third quarter of 2016. The favorable external environment and the functional advantages of the trust industry make the scale of trust assets grow rapidly, but also cover up many risks of the trust industry. However, with the slowdown of China's economic growth rate, the transformation of economic growth momentum and the intensification of competition in the trust industry, the risks brought by the huge asset scale of the trust industry gradually increase, and the insufficient risk management ability of the trust industry gradually emerges. Trust industry, as a pillar of China's financial industry, plays a vital role in serving the real economy. Only by strictly controlling and establishing a reasonable and effective risk management system can the trust industry ensure its continuous development and thus promote the sustained and healthy development of China's real economy.

C trust company was established in 1987 with the approval of the people's bank of China and the government, and became the first operating institution approved to conduct securities business in its province in 1991. At the end of 2013, C trust company was approved by the banking regulatory bureau to increase registered capital with undistributed profits and introduce strategic investors. The company increased capital and shares from 1 billion yuan to 2.5 billion yuan, and the trust business also showed a rapid growth. By 2016, trust assets have reached more than 270 billion yuan, among which the scale of active management trust is nearly 69 billion yuan. With the change of macro environment and the expansion of C company's trust assets in recent years, the deficiencies of its risk management have been gradually exposed. Since 2014, the number of risk projects and capital scale of C trust company have been growing rapidly at the same time. The scale of risk management projects increased by 29.1% in 2016, which is a jump compared with the 6.3% growth in 2015. In addition, due to the continuous expansion of capital scale, the increase of risk projects is fixed, but the risk scale is growing. Based on the trust of the clients and make the beneficiary interest maximization goal, the trust company must establish a perfect internal control and risk management and improve the system, so as to make the trust companies in different stages of the occurrence of a risk to be able to calmly deal with, in order to safeguard the interests of the principal and give full play to the role of the service the real economy.

As a financial industry second only to the banking industry in size, the risk management of the trust industry is a matter of great concern to the state and society. Perfect risk management system is the basis of our trust companies and the important premise of serving the real economy. Based on the analysis of the current situation of risk management of trust companies in China, this paper analyzes the situation of C trust company in a more specific way, and proposes specific solutions to the existing problems in risk management of C trust company.

Theoretical significance: Based on the latest domestic and foreign research literature on risk management issues as theoretical guidance, and according to our country that was introduced in August 2014, the trust company regulation the rating and classification regulatory guidelines "in put forward on the risk management is the main evaluation factors, with a C trust company as an example, through the internal control system, business risk management and net capital management three aspects of narrative and analysis of C trust company risk management status, find its existence in the risk management problems, and put forward relevant solutions, targeted for C trust companies to establish perfect risk management system to provide certain theoretical basis. In addition, due to the commonness of risk management in the trust industry, the theory of improving the risk management system of C trust company can also provide theoretical support for other trust companies.

Practical significance: in this paper analyzes the present situation of C trust company risk management, find the existing problems, and put forward the optimization in view of the problems found in advice, help C trust companies to establish perfect risk management system, to achieve company's long-term healthy development, promoting the sustainable development of the trust industry, improve the efficiency of resource allocation.

Innovation and defects: the current domestic research on trust risk management is mainly conducted from the two aspects of internal control and business risk management, while this paper comprehensively considers the internal control system, business risk management and net capital management, providing a more comprehensive reference value for improving risk management. However, due to the limitations of my knowledge, this paper does not elaborate and analyze the risk identification and assessment of C trust company in terms of internal control, business and net capital management, which is also the direction of students' further study and research.

Foreign research on internal control has gone through many stages, as early as in ancient Rome on the internal control of research has appeared. In order to protect the safety of property, people use two people at the same time accounting bookkeeping form to compare the accounting errors, at that time, this internal control means is called internal containment. Later, the concept of internal control was gradually put forward, and accounting bookkeeping was controlled by checking and verifying methods to prevent accounting errors. In the development stage of internal control, internal control evaluation method is gradually applied to the management, that is, to ensure the safety and authenticity of financial information in the company's internal management. In 1958, the audit procedure committee of the United States published the division of internal control, which was divided into internal accounting control and management control, namely, audit procedure bulletin no. 29. In 1978, the Cohen commission proposed that business managers should include the evaluation of their internal control systems in their financial reports. Ashton pointed out that detailed function distribution of internal employees is an indispensable part of a perfect internal control system. Hoitash concluded that the perfection of a company's internal control structure directly affects its overall governance, and proposed that a company must establish a sound internal control structure if it wants to improve its governance ability.

Aiyesha studies found that the implementation of SOX act, that is, the internal control report of enterprises must be released to the outside world, greatly reduces the high-risk behaviors of enterprises and increases the credibility of enterprises to a certain extent. In 2013, COSO released the new version of the "overall framework", which made the principles in the 1992 version more clear and standardized, and listed a number of principles, in order to help enterprises to establish a more perfect and effective internal control system.

Ellis W.T allman, and Jon Moen trust companies in the United States and Nick wave of the data bank of New York in 1907 grams of trust crisis erupted in the empirical analysis it is concluded that, due to the trust companies gathered a lot of customer's deposit and lending bank, thus caused the outbreak of the crisis, also from the side to verify the trust company business will produce risk spillover effect to other financial institutions. Steven l. schwarcz found in his research that, just like other forms of companies, in the case of fierce competition in the external environment, corporate management would be affected by the preference for risk investors and invest trust funds in high-risk areas to seek higher investment returns. This kind of business with high returns and high risks will often generate various risks, which will finally have a negative impact on trust companies and the external environment. Based on the basic research on foreign land privatization, stephene. Satchell and Susan Thorp analyzed the scale of foreign family trust. Since a large part of foreign land belongs to private property and can be freely traded, they believed that families can freely manage their private land to reach the optimal scale of family trust.

Net capital management theory in the foreign financial regulation has not been explicitly put forward and the application of foreign financial institutions, regulatory implementation mainly referring to the regulatory requirements of Basel in 1988, the Basel agreement, the risk of unpredictable part of the use of regulatory capital requirements, a portfolio of mixed management in financial institutions different risk weights can be set up, no matter how much difference between financial institutions, capital required for the operation as the basis, risk prevention and control of the bottom line, in turn, to ensure continued operation of financial institutions, improve the prudent management ability of the financial system is safe and effective.

Li bei's analysis shows that the defects in the internal management of trust companies in China are often caused by the excessively concentrated ownership structure, and the lack of attention paid by the internal audit department of trust companies limits the performance of their functions, so that their risk management ability lags behind the current risk situation. Through research, mollie proposed that improving the awareness of enterprise internal control risk assessment can effectively promote the development of enterprises and the realization of goals. According to the research of Chen Yang, a reasonable and perfect internal control system is the solid foundation for the sustainable development of the enterprise. Reasonable internal control can promote the information exchange among various departments of the enterprise, increase the cohesion of the enterprise, consolidate the foundation of enterprise business development, strengthen the consciousness of enterprise employees, and promote the effective implementation of enterprise rules and regulations. Lin zhonggao, Chen xi through the analysis of the impact of internal control defects on institutional investors holding found that if a company has internal control defects will reduce the proportion of its institutional investors, and its internal control in the year if problems, will make the next year of institutional investors reduce the proportion. Through the internal audit analysis of trust companies, PI yi found that trust companies do not have a comprehensive understanding of risk management. Internal audit does not cover all phases of the business; Audit method is single, and lack of professional quality of auditors. The author suggests that trust companies should constantly introduce high-quality auditors, innovate audit methods, comprehensively improve the company's risk management values, and cover the whole process of trust business with internal audit. According to wang qi's analysis, the long-term healthy development of the enterprise is inseparable from the sound internal control structure, the enterprise should constantly introduce internal control talents, and often organize the training of internal staff on the knowledge and skills of internal control, so as to improve the overall environment of enterprise internal control, improve the enterprise's overall risk awareness.

Song qinghua found that the scale of trust business in China is developing too rapidly, the trust industry only CARES about the rapid development of business, and there are not enough resources to explore the risks contained in the trust, leading to the trust has become a relatively unstable factor in the financial system. Yuan jiangtian pointed out that at present, trust companies in China tend to focus on financing and light investment in business positioning, which has deviated from the essence of trust business. Zhang haiyu pointed out that the trust industry in China spans the capital market and industrial investment, and too many business types lead to the problem that trust companies have broad but not precise business. Zhu liping analyzes the sources of the risks and the factors affecting the risks of the trust business in China, and thinks that the risks of the trust business mainly come from its counterparties and itself. Counterparty: due to the lack of management and operation ability of some financing enterprises, they may not be able to repay the funds of the trust company within the specified time, thus impeding the flow of funds of the trust company. In addition, some financing enterprises lack of integrity, resulting in the risk of bankruptcy, which makes the trust business risk. Trust companies: the design, marketing, intermediate management and final fund settlement of their products may produce negative effects on the recovery of trust funds, thus making the trust business risk. Zhu liping put forward that the prevention of trust business risk should not only rely on the company's internal control system, but also establish an effective risk monitoring system in the whole industry.

Based on the analysis of the current situation of the trust industry, wang tingting and zhang huan proposed that the trust industry should constantly innovate the business types and combine the Internet innovation development mode to enhance the competitiveness of products to meet the needs of different classes of people. At the same time, the construction of the internal supervision system of trust companies as well as the relevant national laws and regulations system will be promoted continuously. Tube best sea comprehensive analysis on the problems existing in the current real estate trust project found that in order to make the trust company a more scientific to evaluate five projects of real estate trust financing analysis, trust companies should be based on changes in the external environment as, for project evaluation decision benchmark appropriate adjustments, and a reasonable grasp of each evaluation index weight, in the project source will be shut out of the risk. Through research, wu xiulun and li li conclude that although asset securitization brings great convenience, due to its own limitations and improper use, it will often lead to problems such as the continuous reduction of asset qualification and high leverage, and eventually the outbreak of potential risks will have adverse effects on the real economy.

Wang shu-hui, Zhang Ailin, zhang yi ran based on coordination theory, constructs the "net capital, economic capital" dual capital regulation model, the study found that the net capital management requires trust company's net capital standards, the indicators so as to make the trust companies keep the money good liquidity and capital supplement mechanism of health, and economic capital can effectively supplement the shortage of net capital management, a combination of these can realize capital risk, improve trust company risk management ability.

Deng Xusheng and wang cong research found that the level of China's trust industry in the capital allocation efficiency is higher than the banking sector, and they believe that the trust industry has become the highest efficiency of capital allocation in China industry, and the level of net capital management will affect the accumulation of capital, and indirectly affect the efficiency of capital allocation. Guo dong and deng xusheng found through studying the factors that affect the efficiency of trust capital allocation in China that the changes in macroeconomic policies have the most significant impact on the efficiency of trust capital allocation, and the changes in the ownership of trust companies also have an obvious impact on the efficiency of trust capital allocation. Wang yuguo analyzed the impact of the new asset management regulations on the development of the trust industry and found that the scale and ratio of risk assets in China's trust industry are still at a relatively low level, and the proportion of non-performing assets is still at a controllable level relative to the total scale of trust assets. However, due to the large business coverage of trust companies, there are many risk points, and the outbreak of risks at any node may lead to the rapid expansion of the scale of non-performing assets of trust companies. Therefore, in the face of changes in the market pattern, trust companies should strengthen the efforts to deal with non-performing assets while actively transforming, so as to avoid the cross-infection of risks caused by the failure to respond well to risks when they occur.

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