Age of Marriage

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的paper代写范文- Age of Marriage，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了结婚年龄。判断婚姻的优缺点不应该仅仅基于年龄。早婚和晚婚都各有利弊。早婚不利于妇女解放和人口控制。晚婚虽然有利于妇女的解放和人口的控制，但不利于优生学，以及妇女生理和心理健康的需要。婚姻稳定、妇女在社会和家庭中的作用以及人口增长等因素不应被排除在关于适当结婚年龄的讨论之外。同时，由于社会性别关系的变化，也应采取一种不断演变而不是一成不变的观点。

A person's age of marriage is governed by physical conditions, economic conditions and cultural literacy. It is common for people to confuse two different concepts of natural marriage age and social marriage age. Natural marriage age is the age of marriage that is determined by the physiological conditions of the person. However, it is the social marriage age that is restricted by social factors such as economic conditions and cultural literacy. When people reach the natural marriage age, they don't necessarily get married immediately. The main determining factor is the social marriage age, not the natural marriage age. Early and late marriage ages should not be simply judged, since there are multiple relevant factors including marriage stability, the role of females in the society and the family, as well as population growth.

As for the relationship between the age of marriage and the stability of marriage, there are mainly three viewpoints. First, the increase in marriage age is conducive to the stability of marriage, because early marriages are immature and have higher risk of divorce. Second, the age of marriage and the stability of marriage show a significant negative relationship. As the individual ages, the cost of finding a life partner increases, so does the probability of divorce. Third, there is a non-linear relationship between marriage age and marital stability (Lehrer 465). Studies have shown that the reduction of divorce costs, premarital sex, premarital birth, cohabitation, and racial and religious heterogamy all have a significant impact on marital stability (Heaton 395). In addition, the improvement in education level and labor migration also have a significant delay effect on the first marriage age of women (Heaton 398). These factors make it extremely complicated to establish a linear relationship between the age of marriage and marital stability.

The above three viewpoints show that there is no consistent conclusion on the relationship between marriage age and marital stability. Compared with men, the status and role of women in the family have changed since the marriage. As the age of marriage increases, the marginal cost of women’s divorce increases, and it makes women’s considerations about the age of first marriage different from that of men. Such considerations compel women to settle for less than satisfying husbands and contribute to marriage instability (Lehrer 466). At the same time, women's economic ability, education, health, mobility, marriage and childbirth have gradually influenced more on marriage age and stability. With the popularization of higher education, the increasing pressure on women's employment, the increased competition for women's social status, the rising cost of marriage, and the anxiety caused by the imbalance between supply and demand of basic public services, women's decisions about marriage will become more rational. Postponement thus becomes the optimal choice since women desire to be liberated from the constraints of marriage and familial responsibilities (Coles, and Francesconi 828). The stability of marriage is the result of the joint operation of both husband and wife. Economic ability, education level, number of children and parenting cost, mobility, health etc. are the key variables that may be more important than age.

Appropriate late marriage is considered beneficial to the physical and mental health of young people and their children. Later marriage enables people to use their energy to study and work, to grow their talents, to create better material conditions for family life, and to promote family harmony and stability. Late marriage also plays an important role in controlling population growth. Human marriage and birth are closely related. From the relative degree of marriage age and fertility rate, the younger the female marriage age, the higher the fertility rate. Population growth and early marriage are thus likely to form a self-reinforcing cycle (Giolito 28). Late marriage, on the other hand, can shorten the actual childbearing years of women, which is of great significance for controlling population growth. However, it has also been found that early children bearing is contributive to the health of the children and the mothers (Hayford, et al. 87). This is due to the better health conditions of the mother in general, and the higher egg vitality.

In conclusion, judging the strengths and weaknesses of marriage should not be simply based on age. There are both advantages and drawbacks about both early and late marriages. Early marriage is not conducive to the liberation of women and population control. Late marriage, although it is conducive to the liberation of women and population control, may not be conducive to eugenics, and the physiological and mental health needs of women. Factors including marriage stability, the role of females in the society and the family, as well as population growth should not be left out of the discussion about the appropriate age of marriage. Meanwhile, an evolving instead of static view should also be adopted due to the changing gender relations in society.

Works Cited

Coles, Melvyn G., and Francesconi, Marco. "on the Emergence of Toyboys: The Timing of Marriage with Aging and Uncertain Careers." International Economic Review, vol. 52, no. 3, 2011, pp. 825-853.

Giolito, Eugenio. "On Population Structure and Marriage Dynamics." B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics: Advances in Macroeconomics, vol. 10, no. 1, 2010.

Hayford, Sarah R., et al. "Perceived Costs and Benefits of Early Childbearing: New Dimensions and Predictive Power: Costs and Benefits of Early Childbearing." Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, vol. 48, no. 2, 2016, pp. 83-91.

Heaton, Tim B. "Factors Contributing to Increasing Marital Stability in the United States."Journal of Family Issues, vol. 23, no. 3, 2002, pp. 392-409.

Lehrer, Evelyn L. "Age at Marriage and Marital Instability: Revisiting the Becker–Landes–Michael Hypothesis." Journal of Population Economics, vol. 21, no. 2, 2008, pp. 463-484.

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