Tampella painting

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- Tampella painting，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了坦培拉绘画。中世纪时期，坦培拉绘画技法是圣画像、壁画的主要描绘方式，到了文艺复兴之后逐渐没落。在不断的发展中，坦培拉绘画既可以用水调和，也可以用油调和，大致分为水性材料和油性材料。画家能够自由分配比例，若水多则笔触流畅、颜色透明，便于描绘细节；若油多则色彩饱和，且适宜长期保存，便于描绘大型圣像画、壁画。其使用的材料和方法有别于其他绘画，因此保存时间也比其他材料的绘画作品要长的多，独特的乳液薄膜也不会随着时间变迁变黄、变暗，整体色彩饱和温润。

As is known to all, Chinese oil painting is built on the foundation of western modern oil painting techniques in the past one hundred years. While oil painting has a history of more than two thousand years in the west, modern oil painting is developed from the traditional tempera painting system, and this technique is rarely used by Chinese art creators. Now, in constant pursuit of development and innovation of western art, Chinese oil painting creation should not be limited to the simple imitation of modern western painting system, can also be a different approach, combined with one thousand years of good art, from traditional opera's unique taste, on the basis of modern materials, modelling language, rich innovation, to create conform to the new era of aesthetic works of "modern opera".

In the west, modern oil painting techniques in a real sense emerged from the Renaissance, and gradually developed and matured after the 16th century, with a history of only 500 years. Before that, after a long history, fresco, dry fresco, tempela painting and tempela and oil painting techniques have occupied a long stage of history. Tempera, a classical oil painting technique, has its English name Tempera, which comes from the old Italian meaning "to temper" and "to stir." Later, it generally refers to all paintings composed of water-soluble, colloidal pigments and binders. It is also often translated into dampella, egg pella and tempera paintings in China. Nowadays, modern painters do not only use traditional egg emulsion, but also add tyrosol emulsion and methyl cellulose emulsion as media, so I think transliteration is more appropriate.

Of traditional opera painting techniques originally from one thousand years ago in ancient Greece, in around the 13th century in Italy, and in the 14 and 15 centuries developed a technique combined with oil mixed, and the hybrid techniques than water temple opera in the painting on the procedures and methods more flexible, can draw on the traditional wood, also can create cloth opera, because of the media agent containing oil and resin composition, enhances the object space form of realism, this technique commonly known as classical multilayer transparent painting. In the 17th century, artist Rubens will titian painted directly with 15 th-century jan van eck hybrid techniques combined strengths, and developed the high liquidity and shape of resin oil paint, gradually replaced the past of oil, water paint, he was in to Spain to own villas, Flemish techniques to the painter, also affects the contemporaneous Rembrandt and 18th and 19th centuries Jacques Louis, Angle, famous master, dost thou since then, oily vera's gradually evolved into pure oil painting, also is our today's direct representations. It can be seen that although the methods of traditional tempera and modern oil painting are different, they are in the same line. We can add development and innovation.

Classical tempela method, first according to a certain proportion of chalk, rabbit skin glue, make tempela bottom coating, layer upon layer on the smooth and delicate board coating brush, and then polish, make tempela painting board smooth, absorbable. The papers are a bit similar to the traditional Chinese claborate-style painting method, in order to avoid the dirty vera's sketchpad, realize transparent painting, generally do not take direct paint: the author on the paper first, draw a relatively complete sketch line art depicting characters in this step, the line of things should be accurate in place, as a complete line of draft, avoid further transfer to modify, again will complete by the handmade rubbing to vera's sketchpad above, can use Chinese ink, Ye Jin pen draws the outline of contour line, then draw the gray shades as monochromatic sketches, the structure of the manuscript, projection is accurate, formal coloring for the next step.

Before for classical translucent color, brush with wool to tan vera's sketchpad to uniform besmear again water, thin and uniform, then according to depict objects with egg liquid, toner modulation type, dip in with thin cancel the pen color, still modeled on monochrome sketch method of line, color shape, step by step to make the color relations, complete the translucent painting, this is the traditional opera painting method.

In the middle ages, tempela painting technique was the main way to depict holy portraits and murals, which gradually declined after the Renaissance. In the continuous development, tampella painting can be mixed with water or oil, roughly divided into two categories: water-based materials and oil-based materials. The painter can distribute the proportion freely. If there is much water, the brush strokes are smooth and the color is transparent, which is easy to depict the details. If the oil is more saturated color, and suitable for long-term preservation, easy to depict large icon paintings, murals. The materials and methods used are different from other paintings, so the preservation time is much longer than that of other paintings. The unique emulsion film will not change with time and become yellow and dark. The overall color is saturated and moist, which can prevent the aging for thousands of years.

Due to the fact that most of the ancient western tempela paintings served religion, a large number of Madonna images were created, and gold and silver foil were often used in the painting process. Such a single and rigid subject matter and high cost made it gradually covered by modern techniques. Only constant development have a new progress, recently, the temple to pella this ancient painting and painters, klimt Austrian artists in the 19th century to the traditional temple pella painting techniques to innovation, add gold foil in modern painting subjects, create a colorful and have strong artistic adornment effect, make you occupy a unique position in the history of art.

Compared with other painting forms, tempera painting has the characteristics of quick drying and conjunctiva, and the paint is usually dried out at the moment of writing, which greatly saves the painter's creation time, improves the convenience, and can be repeated in a short time, and the picture effect is bright and transparent. This feature is ideal for precision painting, where the most original and charming lines are kept in the picture without waiting too long or worrying about getting the work dirty. Tempera's technique is also indispensable for these modern paintings, which require a lot of repeatability.

At the same time, because tampella USES emulsion and pigment toner for blending, the colors are mapped to each other, with soft luster, so that the picture does not have a strong impact, giving the audience a kind and natural feeling, in line with the visual aesthetic interest. The transparent luster of tempelart also makes it unique in oil painting and watercolor. The painter does not need to worry about the repeated strokes, which will make the color become muddy and precipitate and the picture become dark. On the contrary, the more transparent painting layers, the softer and approachable the work will be. Like painting the save the life of around five hundred, if techniques, pigment is not suitable but also can shorten life span, can only stay in two hundred and thirty, even change color, fall off in a few years, beautiful works can't keep it is a shame, but Tanzania vera's work can be painted hundreds of years, is advantageous to the long-term preservation of collectors, and this is vera's painting unique charm.

Andrew wise, one of the greatest American painters of the 20th century, was a fan of the use of tempera techniques. His realism in painting style, the pursuit of modernism, works were used in the egg color, watercolor medium for artistic creation, such as all kinds of materials use vera's techniques for large size drawing, with egg white, powder mixed with glue, the method of using jotham pella painting layer mask to dye, tend to be painted in a month, Andrew wyeth's depiction of the characters and scenery, from his home state of Pennsylvania Richards's town, and Cushing, Maine town, such as Andrew said: "I like to slowly draw in the studio, I think the more so the more close to the essence of painting... If a tempera works, it has a strength and solidity that nothing else can match, and a quality that I like only in the metaphor of tempera. Through this ancient traditional techniques and materials, combined with modern painting and material techniques, wyeth created works of art expressing realism, reflecting the pursuit of modernism emotion.

At present, many modern painters are still obsessed with the creation charm of tamberatsch. In such an era of industrial information, the pursuit of speed makes artists no longer blindly choose traditional methods. The addition of modern painting language helps tambera's artistic expression techniques develop into diversification. Artists in the process of painting can be more increase the use of flat pen, YuanTouBi, don't blindly following classical opera painting method row line slowly, but according to depict objects texture, the be fond of painting is to use flexibly, it enriches the temple pella painting materials and techniques, expand the performance of traditional painting space, on the basis of inheriting the traditional painting, make the work of the new era have contemporary feeling.

In China, there are also painters who try to combine tempela and oil painting techniques between material language, modeling language and color language to form innovative "modern tempela painting". Perhaps nowadays, tampella art is not suitable for short-term sketching, but it is very suitable for the expression of subjective will. Cao jigang, a professor of the central academy of fine arts, who has a deep research on this aspect, chose the material of tampella, a kind of classical oil painting, to reflect his own feelings of Oriental connotation. He blurred the landscape of mountains and rocks in his eyes on the cloth with ink blotting, which was just like an ink painting. The transparent traces on the painting board were just like those left by ink blotting and halo. A large number of ink blots flowed down, leaving only a residual image, but they could reflect the magnificent momentum of Chinese landscape painting. Cao jigang not only retained tampela's quiet introversion, delicate modeling, not floating in the surface visual tactile effect, let the paint fresh immersion into the picture, expressed his aesthetic spirit of ancient China the kind of quality. No matter what kind of painting a painter chooses, he or she should attach his or her creative intention to the materials of his or her hands, so that the viewers can experience the spiritual outlook and aesthetic interest of the artist. Painter of the new era, the mood for classical has had the very big change, like the past of that kind of harmonious relationship between human and nature was gone, but the artistic creation continues, in vera's study should be followed in the traditional technique, from compliance to development, from development to the innovation, new classical language structure, in the modern reflect her complete artistic feelings, in the world of today's industrialization, materialized to generate new relationships.

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