American animation culture

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- American animation culture，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了美国的动漫文化。美国是当今世界上比较强大的动漫产业国之一，动漫产业也是美国文化的重要组成部分，通过美国的动漫文化我们可以了解美国。美国动漫以电影动画为主，形成了独具美国的动漫文化特色。美国的动漫文化既为美国动漫业带来巨大的商业回报，也为世界其他国家动漫业的发展走向提供了创作上的启迪和模式上的指导意义。

The United States is one of the largest and strongest animation industries in the world, and animation industry is an important part of American culture. Through animation, we learn about America, the world's super media empire. American animation to film animation, the formation of a unique American animation culture.

The invention of the motion picture projector in 1895 greatly promoted the development of animation. More than ten years later, the world's first animation was officially born, animation into the exploration and development stage. At the beginning of the 20th century, blackton, an American working in Edison's laboratory, tried his latest explorations in animation. In 1906, blackton used chalk drawings to create the world's first true animated film, the humorous pose of a funny face, using the technique of "picture by picture". Later, he used this method, and at the same time absorbed the popular film techniques such as melting and overlapping, repeated exposure, produced the "haunted hotel", "wonderful fountain pen" and other cartoons, causing a huge sensation. These are the first American cartoons.

In late 1906, cole used stop-motion technique in photography to shoot the world's first animated film series, phantom, which vividly reflected the changes between images. Between 1908 and 1921, cole produced about 250 short animated films. His cartoons focus on the visual language to explore the possibility of animation performance, while ignoring the story and plot, with a distinct personal creative tendency. At the same time, he is also the first to use photography technology to combine animation with live action pioneer. Kohl is regarded as the father of modern animation.

Another great early animator was mackay. He was the first to notice the artistic potential of animation. He was inspired by his son who cut out Sunday's comic strips to make a flip book. In 1911, mackay made his first animated film, drawing and coloring the characters and story lines of his famous cartoon, little nemo. In 1914, mackay launched gertie the dinosaur, a famous masterpiece in the history of animation.

In 1913, Barry in the United States in the establishment of the animation company to show the comic strip in the form of animation, people like the comic strip on the screen "up", attracted many people to come to see. At that time, it was fashionable to watch such cartoons.

In 1914, American hurd invented transparent celluloid film to replace the original animation paper. At this point, animators can separate the animated image from the background, draw the active image and the background separately, take the background as the substrate and overlay the transparent celluloid film with the active image, and shoot frame by frame. This is a classic method of traditional manual animation. This kind of animation production technology improvement, makes the animation large-scale production possible, has laid the animation industrialization development foundation. Due to the continuously explore animation techniques, such as by shooting method, the invention of celluloid, filming technology is introduced into the field of animation and the like, black, McKay, a large number of rich experiment exploring spirit of animators, animation technology and creative idea basic mature, animation into the preliminary development period from now on.

In the early 20th century, fleicher invented the "rotograph". With the help of this device, the movements in live-action movies can be turned onto celluloid film or animation paper, greatly improving the expressive force of animation. After 1916, together, the two brothers created the series jump out of the ink bottle, the joker corker and popeye, which quickly became popular worldwide.

In 1919, a cartoon character to rival the later "Mickey Mouse", felix the cat, entered the history of animation. The cartoon star was born in the animated film cat farce, which was conceived by director tut mesmer. Mesquite learned from McKay's technique of creating gerty the dinosaur, gave felix the cat a unique personality of being excitable and irritable, and designed several "signature" postures and expressions for felix the cat in a special way of moving, making him the most popular animation star in the United States for 10 consecutive years. At the same time, felix cat records and felix cat children stickers and other goods sold well in the children's market. The popularity of felix the cat image and commercial success has also attracted many animation practitioners to join the animation production industry, there are many famous animators. The number of cartoon production has increased sharply, and some popular cartoon stars have appeared one after another, which indicates that another brand new era of American animation development -- animation industry era is coming.

American cartoons have reached a very high level in terms of picture processing and music configuration, which is not only reflected in the 3d animation works directly using computer generated images, but also in the hand-painted 2d animation. With the continuous development of 3D and the absorption of various aspects of film technology, the audio-visual impact of American cartoons has become more and more powerful.

The technology of American animation works is mainly reflected in the all-round use of computer technology and film special effects. Computer-generated animation in the United States entertainment have unparalleled status and power distribution planning ability, has created numerous classics of American entertainment giant Disney with apple, which owns the most advanced computer technology will become the partner of pixar animation studios, signed an agreement of making computer animated feature film, an American cartoon historic step. With the further development and application of computer technology, the colorful art gallery of American animation has been added with a strong brushstroke, opening a new world of American animation creation and further forming the characteristics of American animation.

American animation production cost is very high, animation films often cost tens of millions or even hundreds of millions of dollars. The reasons are as follows: the production of animation includes the script, image design and shooting as well as the specific production. The operation mode of American animation market basically follows the Hollywood film mode, and various media are used to launch propaganda campaigns, release trailers, release films simultaneously around the world, etc., so the promotion costs a lot of capital.

As a response to high costs, American animation income is considerable. American cartoons recover the investment cost and gain high market profit in the broadcast link. And the creation of this situation, and the commercial operation of American animation inseparable. The story is set in strict accordance with the commercial film model. The promotion mode of integrated marketing expands a broad commercial space.

In short, the animation after a long period of development, formed the distinctive features, in do not break aesthetic level will give top priority to entertaining at the same time, with exaggerated image, vivid colors, beautiful music, as well as the visual effect of synthesized from high-tech and rich imagination, cooked a mat audio-visual feast, enjoy the abundance of China firmly seize the heart of the audience; At the same time a wide range of business strategies to create a set of effective industrial management model. These characteristics not only bring huge commercial returns for the American animation industry, but also provide inspiration and guidance for the development of animation industry in other countries in the world.

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