Assignment代写：Network comments

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的assignment代写范文- Network comments，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了网络评论。网络评论，既指网民在各大网站上发表的单独成篇的评论文章，也指网民在阅读一条信息后发表的评论。随着时代的进步，网络评论的界定也在不断更新。网络评论具有开放性和议论交互性的特征，这两种特征决定了网络评论并非灌输式的说教，网民自身也变成了评论的参与者，这使得网络评论更加繁杂与多元化。

With the progress of The Times, the definition of online comments is constantly updated. At present, online comments refer to the individual comments published by netizens on major websites, as well as the long or short comments made by netizens after reading a news, a comment or a self-disclosed information. Online comments are characterized by openness and interactivity, which determine that online comments are not indoctrination, and netizens themselves become participants of the comments. This makes online comments more complex and diversified, and various games around online comments are increasingly prominent.

The administrators of network review are the main web portals and the government's network management departments. Therefore, the game between network review managers is mainly represented by the game between network management departments and major portals. Since 1994, when the state council promulgated the regulations of the People's Republic of China on the safety and protection of computer information systems, the government has formulated a number of laws and regulations aimed at regulating and controlling Internet behavior. Regarding these laws and regulations, each big portal website must carry out, cannot object to this, has no legal basis and the practice example which sues to it.

Generally speaking, the major portals have established a series of corresponding regulations at the very beginning. These regulations include the terms of service, privacy statement, disclaimer, etc. The first disclaimer in the sina web service usage agreement states: "users clearly agree that the risks involved in their use of sina web services will be solely borne by themselves; All consequences arising from its use of sina's web services shall also be borne by itself, and sina shall not be held liable to users." "Sina does not guarantee the accuracy and integrity of external links set up to provide convenience to users, and sina assumes no responsibility for the content of any web page that such external links point to which is not under sina's actual control," the third statement said.

In addition, sina weibo, tencent weibo, netease weibo are still marked "beta" several words, which can be regarded as the site's indirect disclaimer. In the game between portal websites and network management departments, there are few confrontations in front, while it is common for portal websites to "evade" the government's condemnation and punishment through such negative policies as "disclaimer" and "privacy protection clause".

On December 26, 2009, the National People's Congress passed the tort liability law of the People's Republic of China. Where a network user commits an infringement by using network services, the infringed party shall have the right to notify the network service provider to take necessary measures such as deletion, shielding and disconnection of links. If the network service provider fails to take necessary measures in time after receiving the notice, it shall be jointly and severally liable with the network user for the extended part of the damage. If a network service provider knows that a network user has used its network service to infringe upon the civil rights and interests of others and has not taken necessary measures, it shall bear joint and several liability with the network user. This regulation makes the portal website to a certain extent the most direct executor of the network laws and regulations, and the direct operator of "lock, delete, sink, turn, edit" netizen comment posts, but this is just the result of the absolute disadvantage of the portal website in the game with the network management department.

The game between the manager and the commentator of online comments is actually the game between management and freedom. "in western legal theories and constitutional laws, freedom of speech is regarded as the most fundamental right or the first right of citizens, which is the source and condition of other freedom rights". Article 35 of our constitution provides that "citizens of the People's Republic of China have freedom of speech, of publication, of assembly, of association, of procession, of demonstration". "Freedom" is an essential and most important right of the people of a country ruled by law. As a western saying goes, "give me liberty or give me death". Although the Chinese people do not have this saying, they are also struggling against various restrictions on freedom.

Article 41 of our constitution clearly states: "citizens of the People's Republic of China have the right to criticize and make Suggestions to any state organ or state functionary. "Any state organ or state functionary shall have the right to make a complaint, charge or report to the relevant state organ for any violation of the law or dereliction of duty, but shall not fabricate or distort facts to make a false accusation or incrimination." However, to this day, "stop the car", "self-immolation protest", "kneeling in front of the government," "cross-provincial manhunt" and other events are still common. It can be seen that what the people lack is not the legal basis, but the path to realize and safeguard their rights. The rapid development of network technology for the people to build a "path" provides an opportunity to network comments of low threshold and quick make people can quickly spread their point of view, the network comments anonymous people can freely, named surname expose the illegal action of specific personnel, organization, make the protection of their rights and interests has become a real possibility. Anonymity is one of the biggest advantages and charms of online commentary. Article 9 of the terms of use and privacy policy of tencent weibo provides: "tencent may, in its reasonable judgment, violate relevant laws and regulations or this agreement; Or infringement, sabotage, threatening anyone right or the content of the security, or counterfeit the behavior of others, tencent company has the right to stop transmitting any of the content in accordance with the law, and shall have the right in its discretion in violation of the terms of any person to take appropriate legal action, including but not limited to, delete from tencent microblogging service has illegality, QinQuanXing, improper sexual content, such as termination of violators of membership, to prevent its use tencent microblogging service in whole or in part, and according to the laws and regulations to save the information and report to the relevant departments, etc." Through censorship and filtering systems, the site "locks, deletes, sinks" comments that they consider "harmful," and disqualifies the commenters themselves. It can be seen from the provisions of article 9 of the rules on the use of tencent's microblog and privacy policy that the company's treatment of online comments is very casual. It is completely based on its own judgment. This is a great irresponsibility to network commenters, but also a lack of awareness of freedom.

Online comments inevitably have negative effects, such as spreading false information, spreading rumors, and invading others' privacy. However, everything inevitably has negative effects. Although netizens have scattered comments, different opinions and sometimes uncivilized language, their basic demands are the same, such as equality, freedom and democracy, and they have the same moral inclination to open government affairs and fight against corruption and other practical problems. China's traditional political tradition gives its citizens a way to say something but not to say it, and the Internet provides a platform for them to express their feelings. Even many commenters will take their own experience as an example to prove their point of view, so that netizens can learn from it. Why are they so enthusiastic about "horse fraud", "my father is li gang", "peekaboo" and so on, because they can use it to vent their anger at reality. Although many online comments are emotional and fail to be more rational and objective, shouldn't such emotional comments be the truest manifestation of public opinion? While understanding public sentiment is an extremely important part of democratic political construction, online comment managers should use this new technology to care about what the public needs, rather than suppress the public's dissatisfaction with reality.

The low threshold of online comments determines the diversity of online commenters, ranging from columnists to "passing" netizens, from social celebrities to the unknown, from elites of knowledge halls, and from the thousands of people who have been eliminated by the education selection mechanism. The huge disparity in power of these online commentators leads to the game between them, which is just a game in which the commentators with enough attention compete for power and popularity. To be specific, take sina weibo as an example, the game of network commenters is also the war for fans.

Sina weibo in the "hall of fame" section in each domain of attention to the net friend has carried on the detailed classification, such as entertainment is divided into the film and television, music, actor, director, pop singer, Internet stir, entertainment executives, brokers, fans, 11 class entertainment critics, entertainment, divides into the financial business celebrities, the economist, the financial media people, stocks, funds, foreign exchange, finance, futures, VC investment, insurance, banking, management, certified public accountants 13 classes, it opens at each category can be seen in this area get the certification of sina weibo celebrity, these celebrities because of the position in the real identity, Make its also have an advantage on the network platform that claims "equality", make average net friend cannot look its. If online comments are a feast of "discourse," then the vast majority of ordinary netizens are just invited guests. Although sina weibo "prominent" also has a grassroots list columns, but the top 10, in turn, is a cold jokes, veggieg, select list, wonderful weibo funny sayings, popular global ranking, rare earth forces, constellation, constellation a secret 001, little wisdom of life, love fashion classic sayings, besides veggieg and rare earth forces, human is gathering point of weibo, the rest is a hobby for gathering point. It is well known that veggieg and the rare earth troops are respectively "majia" microblog of wang fei and zhang ziyi, and it is really "just to make up the number" to count them in the grassroots micro blog.

The celebrity column of sina weibo "storm list" clearly shows the popularity of celebrities. The more fans, the more they retweet the comments they make, and the more influential they become. Therefore, this is a battle for fans. At the top of sina weibo's overall celebrity list is yao Chen, with 11917002 fans, 66.5 times more than the 179,125 fans of last place actress vansy. Even wan qian, the last one, has dozens, hundreds and even thousands of times as many followers. Celebrities take up so much of their fan base, and the content on their micro blogs is dominated by daily trivia and entertainment gossip. Ordinary netizens are following the baton of influential commentators. Although some of them have their own thoughts and rational thinkers, most of the time they can only be submerged in the surging tide. This is actually the tyranny of the majority to the minority of online comments. Once the guidance error, is bound to cause adverse impact. Therefore, while striving for the freedom of comment, network commenters must be strict self-discipline and balance the sense of justice and irrational contradictions. In 1951, the international press association put forward four standards for freedom of the press. Second, freedom of transmission; Third, freedom of the press; Fourth, freedom of criticism. Article 4 the freedom of criticism refers to the illegal act of allowing every citizen to have the freedom of thought, speech and expression, to criticize the current politics and the government's policies and management, which is consistent with the connotation of article 41 of our constitution. It can be seen that freedom of criticism is the international consensus and must be implemented practically. Online comments, which provide people with free expression services unmatched by traditional media comments, should be protected rather than attacked. There are both strong and weak sides in the game of network review. Therefore, the power of the weak should be strengthened constantly to balance the balance of power and reach the optimal state.

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