芬兰的森林资源利用-assignment代写

留学生assignment代写精选范文：“芬兰的森林资源利用”，这篇论文讨论了芬兰的森林资源利用。芬兰是一个森林资源非常丰富的国家，它的人均林地面积位于世界第二。在以前，芬兰仅仅是个农业大国，但到了1860年，芬兰就已经开始利用它丰富的森林资源，出口到欧洲各个国家，以此发展起来。

Finland has 1 kuang's land arctic, moor, distribution quite common, about 30% of the total land area, but the forest cover rate was born of 66%. The forest of the northern region of more coniferous forest, forestry area is about 19.8 million hectares, per capita woodland about 4.2 hectares, of the world average per capita second place. Finland to make full use of the forest resources and fine management known to the world, the sen Bethlehem has become the country's main economic lifeline.

Finnish forest total stock volume to 1.6 billion cubic meters, of which the state ChiSong accounted for 45%, Norway spruce 37%, birch occupy 15%, because of the cold weather, trees growth rate is low. Trees in the south to 一90 years become 70, ・ needs 120 a north.In 160, thinning quantity can amount to 80 m3 / ha a 30, ZhuFa can reach 200 a 300 m3 / ha. The annual cutting less than the years of growth, in forest tree growth has reached 870. All cubic meters per year, and the year CaiFaLiang for 480. All cubic meters. In this basis, still can increase of 12 million cubic meters, is expected to this situation could last until 2000. According to 198. Years all plan, years production lumber, plywood plank, broken material plate and fiber board of about 5.2 million tons, 7.2 million tons of pulp and paper 5.9 million tons.

As early as in the middle of the s, Finland is just a great agricultural country, the agriculture population accounts for the population 80%. Her first force of steam sawmill and cut piece factory was founded in 1860, and now the forest industry products manufacturing modernization level has entered the world advanced. Forest industry products for export all over the world, its net benefits of national overall ChuangHuiE 40 a 50%, Finland export commodity is the world trade accounts for only 1%, but its wood industry products but of the world total trade 10%, European markets accounted for 20%. Finland logging to more than 130 countries export products, and in Europe is given priority to, accounted for its total 80% of exports, the main trade object is British. Export of paper and plank to fourth in the world, second only to add bearing, Sweden and the United States. Lumber is of the world's fourth, behind Canada, Sweden and the Soviet union.

At present, Finland has 30 paper mills and 16 cardboard factory production wrapping paper and retail goods packaging paper with raw materials and mouth paper. There are 300 lumber factory specializing in the production of export products industry, accounts for about 90% of the total lumber goods. In addition, small lumber factory and other local small factory with about 6500. Finnish forest industry highly intensive management is one of the aspects of made full use of material and using of lumber, the production of various kinds of high quality wood new category, therefore, wood industry with high the technical level. The existing 26 plywood plant, the main product is spruce a birch plywood, facing shell plywood, wood core board, attrib wattle core joinery board. In addition, 'and the door, window frame products, kitchen furniture, log cabin, the roof arch structure a, agglutination layer material and product furniture and so on, the product is worth more than a third of the value of a mechanized wood industry.

Improve productivity in Finland trees, using a series of advanced technology, the different sizes of seedlings factory, foster different types, specifications of the container seedlings; Indoor have automatic temperature control water system in the water supply system (with irrigation and at the same time quantitative control pharmaceutical and cast plant diseases and insect pests fertilizer), soil preparation mechanization. Container seedlings afforestation, the portable circular (with give put herbicides equipment) young forest tending, subsequent thinning, ZhuFa, transportation and so on various production in plant equipment link is sexual can good muti_function forestry machinery equipment, such as cutting machinery with a saw coming in after also on-site afforestation, branches and play shipment of four kinds of function, these machines are advanced by their own manufacturing, and marketing of all over the world.

Finland in the forest in a very scientific management, in the forest resource survey on the basis of the forest type classification, according to different site type on forest management management requirements, formulated the build, cutting, cultivation and mining A 51 with improved a technical measures regulation. The aviation image using a relatively popular, forest growth and production data have entered the computer management; To set up a database, the main technical measures such as afforestation density and different stand types of forest land fertilizer rate, etc are the research results of the scientific research units to provide is based on.

In addition, Finnish forest in a large part of growth on the moor peat, in order to improve forest land environmental conditions, improve Carson Lin productivity, take the forest land drainage and applying fertilizer improved technology measures. Drainage system including the complete set the drainage engineering design, the construction, the norm and management, maintenance measures, and the success of ・ experience. Now new set drainage Finland every year about 180000 hectares of forest land system, maintenance of the original drainage system each year 3430 kilometers, clear channel deposition in 4000 male . Large forest land have been drainage engineering forest, in the growth of underground water level dropped 30 cm, the drainage forest land for trees growth provided a good environment. In addition, according to different site type (according to aviation photos and LinXiangTu) we adopt different fertilizer (using aircraft and motor vehicle distribute) per year on average, and fertilizer 170460 hectares of forest land, forest growth can improve 15 centimeters a year.

Modern forest management to another aspect of the Finnish forest road system is more perfect, the road density is bigger (about 16 m/ha), for large forestry machines and motor vehicle, fire prevention tools provide a convenient, and do it fast in time. On forest tending, thinning, ZhuFa and improvement measures also provide a guarantee of mechanization. Finland's private LinLinYe is the important component of national economy. Private forest national forests, accounts for about 64% of the total, state-owned forest 24%, companies and communities all 8%, religious and community all accounted for 4%. Private LinSenLin of volume 71% of the total volume,. Industry with log is 80% of the private forest to provide. Private forest is 350000 private forest group

Or all individuals, including 60% of private forest for livestock owners and farmers Lord, and. % other unit or the town for and in politics government departments such as the office personnel bureau of forestry, forest, the factory director, director of the research institute, engineers, teachers,. Workers or other industries

All the staff or officials.

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