Dickens' novel artistic research --论文代写范文

51Due论文代写平台assignment代写范文:“Dickens' novel artistic research”，这篇论文主要描述的是查尔斯·狄更斯是出生于英国的一位批判现实主义小说家，在他所著写的小说当中，大多数都是对于英国社会所存在的贫穷和社会不公现象进行批判，英国政府存在的虚伪和腐败现象使他更加的坚定自己小说所批评的立场，将自己童年所遭遇的不幸通过小说的形式在加以生动的写作写法表述出来。

Charles Dickens, who exposes and criticizes in his works all the poverty, injustice, hypocrisy and corruptness he saw all around him. His creations as an epitome of 19th century of England are connected firmly with the times he lived and his own personal experience.

1.1 Social Background in Victorian Age

The Victorian Age runs from 1837-1901 and represents the longest reign of any British monarch. For the most part it was an age of prosperity, of booming economic expansion, which was marked by optimism and self-assurance. At that time Britain leads the world in manufacturing. Factory towns grew into large cities. Banks, retail shops, and other businesses expanded along with the factories. Economy and trade growth resulted in an expansion of the fleet of merchant ships and a powerful navy. Britain once acquired the title“the sun never sets on the British empire”.

Actually, there is still much darkness that seldom talked by others. The Reform Bill of 1832 extended the right to vote to all men owning property worth ten pounds or more. This Bill extended the right to vote to the industrial capitalists and the lower middle class, but not the workers. With the introduction of the steam engine, it was possible for the capitalists to hire unskilled workers, such as women and children. It was not unusual that children of five years of age were dragging heavy loads of coal for 16 hours a day. Many skilled workers were unemployed, and what made the situation worse was the enforcement of the Corn Laws, which forbade importing any grain from foreign countries, this measure kept wheat at a high price, which benefits to the landed class. In that period, child labor should have played an important role in the Industrial Revolution. The displaced working classes, from the seventeenth century on, took it for granted that a family would not be able to support itself if the children were not employed.

In 1840 perhaps only twenty percent of the children of London had any schooling, a number that had risen by 1860, when perhaps half of the children between 5 and 15 were in some sort of school, if only a day school or a Sunday school, the others were working. Many of the fortunate found employment as apprentices or as general servants. The children of the poor were forced by economic conditions to work. Most prostitutes were between 15 and 22 years of age.                                                  

1.2 Dickens’ Personal Experience

Charles Dickens was born in Land port, Hampshire, who generally considered as the greatest novelist of the Victorian period. Dickens’ works are characterized by attacks on social evils, injustice, and hypocrisy, which are related to his youth oppression.

His father was a clerk in the Naval Pay Office, who was well paid but often ended in financial troubles. He was forced to end school in early teens and worked in a factory, where he would never willing to say in his later life.

Soon, his father was sent into debt prison for the financial problems, his mother couldn’t support the family, simply together with other children removed to the prison and lived with his father. Although it was not a long period, it made him shamed and never willing to say. Later in 1824-1827, Dickens studied at Willington House Academy, London, and at Mr. Dawson’s school in 1827. From 1827 to 1828, he was a law office clerk, and then worked as a shorthand reporter at Commons and started his creation. These biographies made great effect on his later creations.

The Artistic Techniques of Dickens’ Novels

Dickens has a real talent for creating children characters in his works and very empathetic toward children. Dickens wished to show, in Oliver Twist, the principle of good triumphing evil, which expressed his own psychological want in childhood. In David Copperfield, Dickens described in detail the experience of orphaned David worked as a child laborer, which was his own painful memory. The way of Pip’s growth from a boy to a man is also Dickens’ growing awareness to the darkness of bourgeois. Dickens portrayed many deserted children to show either his own experience or the attitude toward his times through children’s point of view. When the characteristics of human being mixed with other species, the combination between inharmonious factors must bring about grotesque.

Deviation occurs when it is different from what the readers expect. A rich variety of deviant techniques were used in his novel to intensify melodramatic impact and artistic effect, and the deviation which occurred in speech or other conversations can enrich his creations. In addition, Dickens is good at conveying his intense love and hate by means of exaggeration. The most important feature which people would not ignored is that the transformation between animateness and inanimateness. Also, Dickens’ Christmas Tales reflected his view of Christmas spirit. The effects of Christmas spirit embodied the enlightenment to Scrooge in A Christmas Carol. However, the changes come true just by illusion.

2.1 The Employment of Children Images

Dickens is considered as one of the most popular and beloved writers in the history of English Literature. His works can stand the test of time. More than just an entertainer, Dickens used his enormous popularity to attack injustice and strengthen the sympathies of his readers for the poor and the helpless, for orphans and outcast persons. Among them the characters of children play the most important role in Dickens’ creation. In the history of world literature, perhaps Dickens is the first one who threw tremendous energy into his creations of children. “Reflecting life through children’s point of view is a main characteristic of Dickens’ art of fiction.”

2.1.1 Oliver Twist: Dickens’ Psychological Want in Childhood

Oliver Twist, published in 1838, is one of Charles Dickens’ best-known and well-loved works. In Oliver’s life he endured all varied hardships. He was unloved and unwanted from the beginning of the novel. He was born of a dying mothering in a parish workhouse and sent to an infant farm, run by Mrs. Mann, until he was 9 years old, when he was returned to the workhouse. In this novel, Dickens not only recalled his child labor’s life but also expressed his childhood want. Dickens wished to show, in little Oliver, the principle of good surviving through every adverse circumstance, and triumphing at last. Although tortured and mistreated in the workhouse, even later was thrown together with the band of thieves, Oliver’s kind nature remained unchanged. As the novel progressed, Oliver found that his honest and kind disposition won him a variety of friends in high places. Although Fagin and the other street urchins continually sought to ruin Oliver’s connections, Oliver’s faithful heart found a home in the end. Oliver did not present a complex picture of a person torn between good and evil, instead, he was goodness incarnate.

Oliver’s merits carried him through life and away from the poverty that captured those with weaker morals. In the conclusion of the tale, Oliver found himself among those with equally good manners and morals. His situation was only improved through the inevitable triumph of good over evil. In Oliver Twist, Dickens created happy encounters in which a penniless, hopeless child was offered help from benefactors who freed Oliver from sufferings and dangers many times. From these plots, people seem to see Dickens himself is like a lonely and deserted child who is eagerly expecting happy encounter with good -hearted men by whom he will be offered help. Oliver Twist, as one of Dickens’ masterpieces, is his psychological want in his childhood. Throughout the novel, Dickens used Oliver’s character to challenge the Victorian idea that paupers and criminals are already evil at birth, arguing instead that a corrupt environment is the source of vice.

2.1.2 David Copperfield: Dickens’ Own Childhood Sufferings

David Copperfield is unique among Dickens’ works for its deeply personal tone. If not autobiography in fact, it is a history of Dickens’ emotional life. In the novel, Dickens described the only ten-year-old child, with his box, containing all his possessions was driven out of home by his cruel stepfather. David was forced to work in Mudstone and Granby’s warehouse. David couldn’t stand the torture and decided to run away from the warehouse. He made his way on foot to his aunt Betsey; fortunately, he was taken in and sent to attend a school. In David Copperfield the voiced anger of son toward mother was almost totally suppressed in David himself. This can be traced back to Dickens’ dawning love for his mother to his being cherished and nurtured by her, taken to her breast, and then being betrayed and rejected by her, banished from her breast. In his later life, David worked harder, which enabled him to master the difficult art of shorthand reporting. This trait stood him in good stead when he became a writer, and was the key to his later success. All these experiences are also emerged in Dickens’ personal life, which makes David Copperfield full of autobiography.

The Influence of Artistic Techniques on Dickens’ Successful Novels

Charles Dickens is a master storyteller. His language could in a way be compared with Shakespeare’s. His humor and wit are inexhaustible. He is good at Character-portrayal, in the history of world literature; perhaps Dickens is the first one who threw tremendous energy into his creations of children. He used the image of children as one of his artistic techniques. In Oliver Twist, Dickens not only recalled his child labor’s life but also expressed his childhood want. David Copperfield is unique among Dickens’ works for its deeply personal tone; if not autobiography in fact, it is a history of Dickens’ emotional life. Hypocrites brought false moral and false love to little Pip in Great Expectations, showed the main stream of the Victorian countryside social circumstances, which as Dickens’ growing awareness of the darkness of bourgeois. From the images of deserted children in Charles Dickens’ major novels people can observe the way of maturity of his character creations, his art techniques and his view of his age. From Oliver Twist (1837-1838) to Great Expectations (1861), Dickens tried his best to take children (especially orphans) as the main characters in his novels and went on reflecting the life of Victorian Times through children’s point of view in almost 25 years. His creation of children characters had a close relationship with the social background and his personal experience; at the same time his works also influenced the society. With these unforgettable children characters in his works, Dickens is unique and immortal in the world literature.

Another irreplaceable technique in Dickens’ novels is the employment of grotesque characters. Grotesque as an unique feature which deserved a high position to Dickens’ successful novels. Those mixed characters are contrasted to usual people met. But they are not amusement even distrustable. This is one significant feature-authenticity. Compare with other virtuosos, Hoffman etc. In his works, old woman changed into knocker. Gala, one character in Bulgakov’s novel is a siren at one moment and a mermaid in other times. Although Dickens’ characters are grotesque, they are not lack of authenticity, but actually live in his times.

Tone can deeply affect readers. Defeated expectation makes readers feel a sense of frustration; on the contrary, the understatement can inspire readers, and arouse the mood. Anyhow, no matter what kind of deviation is used, it makes Dickens’ works much deeper than the other contemporary writings. Though the devices appear once in a while, the caricature, which they help to form, is not equal to distorted delineation of the personages. Dickens’ deviate depictions are reflections of the reality, deriving people’s life from certain aspect of real human nature. From these illustrations of deviation, it must be said that Dickens ingeniously creates his own language, and skillfully manipulates it in his novels.

Dickens also employed exaggeration in his works, which was another aspect influenced his novels. He used exaggeration to expound a strong feeling both love and abomination. In his novels, those frontal characters always showed his dream, which were always not from practice; in contrast, the reversed characters were always felt authentic and unforgettable. Of course, it infected readers inevitably.

The spirit of Christmas had an astonishing power to influence a person. To Scrooge, he must throughout a picture, which emerged by three spirits from past, present to future and received the “education” from the Christmas spirit and the poor, to cast off numerous invisible shackles, which twist him, and to recover his nature. According to poor people’s attitude toward Christmas Day, as well as their happy celebration, People could clearly understand the spirit of Christmas of Dickens. The spirit of Christmas as an artistic technique in Dickens’s novels was not only for it was a story, which as an entertainment but also a dream which can hardly came true at that time. Dickens’ illusion was not practicable, but he used this ingenious spirit to appeal the authority that is caters to the poor.

Above all, Dickens’ novels are popular at that time as well as present. It must thank to such a master, who used those artistic techniques. Charles Dickens was a realistic writer in Victorian Age, who used an unique language to describe an unique aspect (darkness) which is contrast to the descriptions by others. Apart from the employment of deserted children and grotesque characters, he managed deviation of tone, even exaggeration as well as the elucidation of Christmas spirit to enrich his creations. Dickens’ works are considered as an epitome of 19th century of England, which is cater to the poor people and showed their expectation to get rid of oppress and poverty from capitalism. Even today, Dickens’ techniques are still deserved to be valued by researchers.

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