Analysis of Bovary "s novel

这部小说体现了一个没有民主的极权主义统治下的国家。充分展示了一个极权主义社会的特点，一个统一的社会，杀死人民，抑制思想，消除自由。社会上的人成了国家和统治者的工具。我们将这视为一个颠覆性的小说，因为政府认为，在这部小说中极权社会的描述具有潜在的可能损害他们政治权力的因素，破坏了政府统治的国家的权力，政府希望统一集中公民的思想。

1. Both Madame Bovary and Stick Out Your Tongue have been banned for their depiction of sexuality. Discuss the banning of books for sexual reasons. What are the categories and terms used?  Discuss these ideas in relation to the two novels.  

Both Madame Bovary and Stick Out Your Tongue have shown the images of sexuality, from which we can see the distorted sexual relationships formed among men and women. To put it more specifically, in Madame Bovary, Emma betrayed her husband and had sexual relationships with other men in that she held that her husband can not satisfy her desire for sexuality and she is quite bored at him as well. Therefore she developed sexual relationship with both Leon and Rodolphe to achieve her idealized romance and her expectation to love. Though Emma seemed to have achieved her idealized romance by developing sexual relationships with those two people, she will later tend to be bored with those two people as well and will again begin to look for others to satisfy her. As a matter of fact, having sexual relationship with other men and in the meantime betraying her marriage is considered as an evil behavior in that it is against the social role of women and the altitude of the society. 
In Stick Out Your Tongue, the young woman in “The Woman and The Blue Sky” has been married to two brothers and had sexual relationship with her father and a soldier. That is to say, she had at the same time developed sexual relationship with many men. In the story of “The Eight-Fanged Roach”, an old man’s evil incest with his mother and daughter was revealed as can be seen as the misbehaviors among generations. “The Golden Crown” Stick Out Your Tongue offered an image of an affair between a 13-years-old craftsman and his teacher’s wife, which is really unfair for the teacher and hard to be imagined as a normal people. And “The final Initiation” shows how a girl was chosen as a new incarnation of the Living Buddha and how the girl was raped in front of many people and how she was killed in the name of religion. Reading this, I can not help myself to feel pity for this girl who could have lived a happy life as other girls at the same age as her. The complex and disordered sexual relationships are demonstrated throughout these stories. And these sexual relationships are totally wrong in the society and they go against the image of a good social behavior. 
The reason why the depiction of sexuality should be banned in the novels is that it will directly influence the behaviors of the great majority of readers. Or maybe I can put it in another way that when the readers are reading the novel, they will learn more or less from it in a way or another. So maybe the readers will also learn the depiction of sexuality as will later exert impacts on their later life as well. We can have a fair knowledge that only when the depiction of sexuality has been banned in the novels will the readers be prevented to be affected. 

2. The banning of books for political reasons often occurs when the image of the nation in the text contradicts the image the nation wants to project. Discuss this concept in relation to We and Stick Out Your Tongue.  Why do you think these novels are considered “subversive?”  

We described a totalitarian society of One State where all-powerful Benefactor rules the whole society and controls everything, even one’s mind. That is to say, human beings living in this society are not human beings with thoughts but tools to work for the rulers all the time. In One State, citizens lived in a glass-enclosed environment and their each and every move should be monitored and constantly visible to the rulers. People hold the same thoughts and actions and they have not the freedom to put forward their true thoughts deep down in their heart. Numbers replaces names, from which it can be justified that human beings are not human but just a subject with numbers. Human beings’ freedom and imagination should be completely removed. Everything is unified and there is no individual soul in the society. Passion and creativity does not exist, from which we can predict that human beings are living as an incrustation without inner thoughts. This novel reflected the country under totalitarian rule, a country without democracy. We fully demonstrated the characteristics of a totalitarian society, a unified social that kills humanity, suppresses thoughts, and removes freedom. And people in the society became the tools of the country and the ruler. We is considered as a subversive novel because the government thinks that the description of the totalitarian society in this novel has the potential or possibility to harm their political power and destroyed the power of the government to rule the country, especially in a country where government wants to centralize their citizens’ thoughts and present the happiness of citizens by having a unified idea. 

Stick Out Your Tongue revealed the complex and disordered sexual relationship， different religious culture and women’s weaknesses and struggles in Tibet. In Stick Out Your Tongue, Tibetan Buddhism is considered as a religion that holds wrong beliefs and sexual relationship, for example, in “The final Initiation” a girl was named to be a Living Buddha and must be raped in front of people in the ceremony of empowerment in the name of religion and finally killed. And also Tibet is considered to be an evil place under Jian’s description, but not a place with beauty. Why the government banned the novel in Mainland China is that Stick Out Your Tongue was considered as a vulgar and obscene novel that defames Tibetan culture and destroys the relationship between nationalities. In our common sense, Tibet is really a beautiful place and countless human beings would like to pay a visit to it so as to personally experience the beauty of it on their own. And the country’s tourism has to a great extent been motivated through the development of Tibet and the phenomenon that more and more people are sightseeing there in recent years. While on the other hand, if this novel is available to human beings, then people’s impression to Tibet will become ruined and they may not have the interest to pay a visit there so that the tourism may in the meantime be impacted more or less. 

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