Brain

Brain The understanding of how the neuron (the basic functional cell of the nervous system) works is fundamental to all processes such as sensation, perception, memory, emotion, cognition, etc., in health and in disease. In this article, the second of a series on the fundamentals of the neuron, you will learn how inorganic ions, the cell membrane and basic processes, such as diffusion and ion transport, generate one of its basic and most important characteristics, the resting membrane potential. The resting membrane potential is a stable electrical charge of approximately -65 to -70 milivolts of the internal side (inside the cell) in relation to the external side. It is the basis of bioelectricity, that is, the generation and use of electrical energy by excitable cells such as the neuron to perform its functions of storage and transmission of information. The last article of the series, in the next issue, will explain how neurons actively transmit information by means of the action potential. The action potential is a sudden and reversible depolarization (reversal of the membrane potential value) which propagates across the dendrites and axon of a neuron. Electricity is a natural phenomenon in our body and it is involved in brain, potential, membrane, neuron, action, cell, stimulus, called, depolarization, channels, sodium, one, local, threshold, each, very, nervous, na, side, point, neurons, ions, information, impulse, flow, electric, rest, phase, nerve, cells, between, value, polarity, inside, important, electrical