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Policy_Implement
2013-11-13 来源: 类别: 更多范文
Policy Implement
Policy implementation
The implementation of the selected option represents a critical aspect of the policy
process. The most carefully crafted policy that is widely accepted by those it affects
can flounder because of improper implementation. It is impossible to define an
optimal implementation procedure because of the wide range of socioeconomic
circumstances that policies are applied, and also because of the diversity of policies
themselves. However, a ten step model of policy implementation can be considered
as an ideal:
1. Policies must not face insurmountable external constraints. By this is meant
that the policy must not exceed the jurisdictional or constitutional limits of the
agency. This is a common issue in federal states, where different transport
modes may be under different jurisdictions. Other examples include cases
where the transport issue cannot be resolved because of international borders.
However, transnational agreements, especially within the European Union have
considerably reduced external constrains in transport policy implementation.
The Geography of Transport Systems
8
2. In implementing the policy there must be an adequate time frame and
resources. The policy may be appropriate, but may fail because its
implementation took longer or was more expensive than budgeted. A recent
example is that of airport and port divestiture in Canada, where the policy had
similar goals but different implementation procedures.
3. The implementing agency must have adequate
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