Global Warming Requires a Global Solution

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In Global Warming Requires a Global Solution: Text 2, the author addresses the severe situation of global warming, urging countries to cooperate on the global level in order to establish an effective countermeasure against global warming. Some of the major issues covered include the requirement for differential treatment between different countries, stakeholders and their motivations in the global warming campaign, as well as the economic consequences in the short term and the long term. The author presents first the fact that global warming and climate change is already happening. This is due to the continuous and excessive exploration of the fossil fuel resources of the earth, and releasing them into the atmosphere. Consequently, water shortages for over 5 billion people and mass flooding in Northern Europe are expected in the coming years. In response to this situation, the author urges all countries of the world to act accordingly right now, reduce greenhouse gas emission and mitigate the global warming effect. Since global warming is a danger for all populations on earth, it would only be right for all the countries to be involved. 

According to the author, the situation of global warming nowadays is originated from the lack of clean energy use and the excessive reliance on fossil fuels by the industrialized countries in the past decades. The initial international collaboration originated from the Kyoto Protocol in 1997, which aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by developed countries. The author further argues that the developing countries should be included in the campaign as well. Each country is assigned a particular carbon emission reduction target, in a differentiated way. In addition, developed countries are also responsible for helping the developing countries with structures and technologies to help them reach the targets. The advantages of international collaboration are obvious: global effort is going to help reduce emissions and alleviate severe climate change. However, the weakness of this international collaboration is that it may raise controversies from both developing countries and developed countries. Developed countries would feel exploited since they are making economic sacrifices in the collaboration. Developing countries may also feel unfair because carbon emission reduction may hurt their opportunities of economic development.

As stated by the author, the IPCC believes that even if humans ceased to release a single gram of carbon dioxide from this moment, climate change caused by the past global warming effects are already irreversible. This makes people question the effectiveness of the mitigation measures. Despite the great effort of collaboration, the target of carbon emission reduction is only 5% in the 2008-2012 period, compared to the 1990s level. It is highly questionable that whether this 5% target is too mild, or even negligible in combating climate change. There are even voices that question the scientific basis of climate change, to some are only the inevitable phase that the planet is going through. These voices must be properly addressed before international collaboration can carry out without obstacle. In addition, the author believes that economic motivations are the major factor that determines people’s choices. Faced with the economic devastations caused by climate change, there will be option other than letting go of the temporary economic gains and focus on the long term. The problem is that it might be too late to change when the majority are suffering from climate change.

In conclusion, the author is successful in pointing out that global collaboration is significant because it is the only effective measure in the large scale to combat climate change. However, the voices of fossil fuel companies are still quite influential on the matter. Therefore, the author is counting on future climate change to be the physical proof of global warming and motivation for countries and industries to transform into cleaner modes. This may not be the best approach since it might be too late to act upon the consequences when they are already foreseeable right now. It is believed that the mode of global collaboration should be applied into areas not only in carbon reduction, but even more on the transformation of more sustainable development modes. By exploring new modes of economic growth without relying too much on fossil fuels, countries will be more motivated to collaborate. Moreover, there should also be efforts to anticipate and prepare for climate change, since the damages done to the earth may already be irreversible.

Assessment B: Text Two

In Global Warming Requires a Global Solution: Text 2, the author discusses the difficulties for countries to establish a common resolution to combat global warming. This is mainly due to the different motivations of countries that do not align with each other. Influence of major oil companies are making things more complicated by exerting political influence and denying global warming. The main point of the author is that such behaviors derived entirely out of self-interest will eventually lead to disastrous results in the global scale. If countries do not act right now and collaborate with each other, the entire world population will suffer from climate change and global warming. The consequences of climate change, according to the author, include floods in tourist centers and droughts in wheat belts. Despite the effectiveness in pointing out the short-sightedness of different types of countries, the author has presented the arguments in a subjective and emotional way. There is also a lack of references as many arguments are based on personal opinions and assumptions, which severely diminishes the effectiveness of the arguments.

The use of emotional language is the first major weakness of the article. Despite the strong emotions, the author fails to convince the audience with factual support. For example, in the second paragraph, the author refers to the action of not signing up for the climate protocols as “madness.” An exclamation mark has also been used when some countries refuse to consider carbon dioxide as a pollutant. Here it becomes confusing for the audience as to which countries are making such claims, and which are the ones that refuse to sign the protocol. Without specific reference, the accusation by the author do not have a clear target, making it a bit confusing to read. Moreover, while discussing about the influence of powerful oil companies on the governments, the author has not made reference by any figures or numbers that can support the claims. For example, the amount of political financial contribution to the party leaders or the amount of lobbying expenses by the oil companies will make the motivations of oil companies clearer to the audience. failing to make such references make the arguments seem to be entirely based on assumptions.

There are also various stereotypes spotted throughout the article, which further increases its subjectivity and diminishes the effectiveness of the arguments. The author seems to have a strong negative impression on all countries. Developed countries are described as selfish profit-seekers who have no sense of responsibility for human beings and only want to carry out their wasteful lifestyle. However, these countries are only defending their own interest and requesting a more even distribution of responsibilities among all countries. Meanwhile, more and more people from developed countries are realizing the consequences of global warming and adjusting their lifestyles. Developing countries are categorized by the author as exploited nations struggling to feed the people. The author feels that under such circumstances, people should not ask for more from these poor countries. This is simply wrong since all countries, no matter rich or poor, have a responsibility for environmental preservation. Poor countries are also able to contribute, not necessarily in monetary forms. The accusations against countries such as China and India are also unsubstantiated, again formed entirely due to stereotypes. The author is not making a constructive argument by criticizing all the countries, instead of looking for potential starting points for these countries to work together.

Overall, the author is largely limited by what he or she knows, and fails to consider the potential of human beings to innovate and change the future. Most of the arguments in the article are not convincing since they are based on personal opinions rather than facts. Simply getting the readers angry is not going to solve the problem. Instead, the author should try to be more optimistic and see the problem from a different angle. For instance, the author claims that developing countries are only able to follow the footsteps of developed countries. However, it overlooks the possibility of creativity and innovation. In fact, the developed countries are already developing greener ways of economic growth. By adopting similar approaches, it is possible for developing countries to avoid polluting the earth while achieving economic growth.

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