Promoting LGBTQ Rights Through Government, Civil Society, and the Market

51Due教员组今天给各位留学生带来一篇纯原创代写范文，本文从政府、公民社会和市场的角度讨论LGBTQ问题。目的是提出一种全面和综合的方法，促进LGBTQ权利和多样性，减少歧视。希望这篇可以帮助到各位留学生，同时需要代写也可以直接联系我们51Due客服vx（vx：Jenny_dynh）进行咨询。  

On the issue of gender, LGBTQ is a sensitive issue that the public is concerned about. The term "LGBTQ" in the narrow sense refers to Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (or Questioning). In the broad sense, it is a general term for sexual minorities and non-heterosexuals. The relevant groups that cannot be covered by the term “homosexual,” making LGBTQ are neutral words that show respect for these groups. The term appeared in the 1990s and its use of positive meaning of inclusion represents the cultural diversity that places great emphasis on and tolerates gender identity and sexual orientation. In the long history of mankind, the debate over the LGBTQ issue has continued from ancient times to the present. The existence of LGBTQ emerges as a subculture. The status of LGBTQ populations feel that mainstream culture ignores and displaces their attitudes, and even discriminates against them. This essay discusses the LGBTQ issue from the perspective of the government, civil society, and the market. The aim is to come up with a comprehensive and combinative approach to promote LGBTQ rights and diversity, and reduce discrimination.

The government and the law are an influential party on the issue of LGBTQ acceptance and equal rights. In the legal framework of certain countries, religious doctrines and moral rules based on these condemnations of homosexuality have been incorporated into the legal framework. For example, homosexuality is illegal in about 28 countries in Africa (African Gay Rights, 2018). The government is concerned about the opinions and behaviors of citizens. Therefore, social and cultural attitudes influence public policies. In some countries, homosexuals are legally discriminated against, and when their rights are violated or victims of anti-homosexual crimes have little retrospective power. There are also other countries who have improved LGBTQ rights over the decades. In the US, the legitimacy of same-sex marriage depends on the legislation of the political institution. Whether the legislation is forbidding or acknowledging same-sex marriage is related to the number of seats represented by each party in the national and the state councils (Winter, 2014). The Republican and Democratic parties have obviously different attitudes towards homosexuality and same-sex marriage. The Republican Party has always opposed homosexuality and same-sex marriage, prevented the recognition of same-sex marriage laws, and tried to establish a ban on same-sex marriage (Winter, 2014). The Democratic Party has long supported homosexuality, but it has not always supported the legalization of same-sex marriage. Both parties have been evolving in their views due to the changing social and cultural norms.

The civil society is represented by the voices from the public, which serves to communicate and connect public opinion with government policies. Meanwhile, it is also an active force in defending LGBTQ rights. The Internet has provided a more effective method of communication for LGBTQ populations all over the world. However, in recent years, although the society has been more tolerant of homosexuality than before, most homosexuals are still hidden in the crowd (Craig & McInroy, 2014). To eliminate prejudices and respect and accommodate them, civil society organizations can better solve the social problems brought about by this special group. In addition, social discrimination and prejudice against homosexuality should be eliminated, and society should give tolerance to homosexuals. If public opinion on the issue of homosexuality raises the banner of “moral standards” and treats LGBTQ populations with discrimination, scorn, rejection, and repression, they will be ashamed of their true identities, which will then lead to various social problems and harm to the entire society. In promoting LGBTQ rights, Human Rights Campaign is the largest civil society institution in the United States dedicated to the equality of rights of homosexuals, bisexuals and transgender people. Human Rights Campaign encourages and supports all Americans to reduce discrimination against LGBTQ people, thereby establishing fairness and equality for all groups (HRC, 2018). One way for such organizations to exert social influence is by giving business organizations ratings on LGBTQ equality, so that equal rights are defended on the corporate level.

In the capitalist society, the visibility of sexual identity is also demonstrated through the market and commercialization. In LGBTQ vocabulary, "visibility" is an important term. It is the consequence of complicated social conditions such as political discourse. Visibility is not only an empirical physical display, but also a demonstration of the various knowledge, discourse, meaning, and cognitive modes that make up an identity (Hennessy, 1994). The material process of capitalist commodification is not only in the economic sense, it also makes it possible for homosexuality, subcultures and communities in Western societies to blend into the mainstream. For example, David Johnson (2010) discusses how publishers of gay magazines fight censorship and how they ultimately acquire the right to produce and consume certain goods. He believes that there is a nationwide homosexual business market before the emergence of a nationwide homosexual political community in the United States, and that the development of the homosexual market contributed by homosexual entrepreneurs is an important catalyst for the rise of the identity movement. Capitalism has invented various methods of social control, and industrial capitalists have also created various means to promote mass consumption. Producers and advertisers are trying hard to erase identity differences in order to create demand and sell goods. This will be indirectly contributive to the promotion of LGBTQ rights.

In conclusion, the government, the civil society, and the market form a closed loop on the issue of LGBTQ rights. They are either heavily influenced by public opinion or important in the construction of social and cultural norms. The efforts of the civil rights organizations and changes in public opinion have created a social situation conducive to the legalization of same-sex marriage and other LGBTQ rights. As a result, the court will gradually change the position of judicial self-control, strengthen the protection over homosexuals’ equal rights, and support same-sex marriage. Neither political organizations nor legal institutions are isolated, but are deeply influenced by the strength of all parties in society. Different parties of the society are influenced further by capitalism. Homosexual consumerism is a special means of achieving identity and resource mobilization. It can achieve unexpected political liberation in the modern commercial society. Consumerism helps to achieve a balance between commercial economy and identity politics. As a way of life, consumer culture has prompted people to think about the extension and malleability of identity, thus blurring the social hierarchy. Consumerism emphasizes non-discrimination and affirmation of individual rights, so it has to a certain extent escaped the shackles of traditional moral discipline. Overall, the combined efforts from the government, the civil society, and the market will be the most effective in promoting LGBTQ rights.

51due留学教育原创版权郑重声明：原创优秀代写范文源自编辑创作，未经官方许可，网站谢绝转载。对于侵权行为，未经同意的情况下，51Due有权追究法律责任。主要业务有essay代写、assignment代写、paper代写、作业代写、论文代写服务。

51due为留学生提供最好的论文代写服务，亲们可以进入主页了解和获取更多代写范文提供论文代写服务，详情可以咨询我们的客服QQ：800020041。